Peringatan Keamanan

ORAL (LD50): Acute: 1160 mg/kg Rat. 572 mg/kg Mouse. Toxic psychosis, convulsions, increased intracranial pressure, or metabolic acidosis may occur in patients taking more than the recommended dosage. Vomiting, nausea, and lethargy may also occur following overdosage.

Nalidixic acid

DB00779

small molecule approved investigational

Deskripsi

Nalidixic acid is a synthetic 1,8-naphthyridine antimicrobial agent with a limited bacteriocidal spectrum. It is an inhibitor of the A subunit of bacterial DNA gyrase.

Struktur Molekul 2D

Berat 232.2353
Wujud solid

Peta Jejaring Molekuler
Legenda: ObatTargetGenEnzim(Panah → menunjukkan arah efek / relasi)TransporterCarrier

Profil Farmakokinetik

Waktu Paruh (Half-Life) 1.1 to 2.5 hours in healthy adult patients, and up to 21 hours in patients with impaired renal function.
Volume Distribusi -
Klirens (Clearance) -

Absorpsi

Following oral administration, nalidixic acid is rapidly absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract. Bioavailability is approximately 96%. Absorption may be delayed if taken with antacids.

Metabolisme

Hepatic. 30% of administered dose is metabolized to the active metabolite, hydroxynalidixic acid. Rapid conjugation of parent drug and active metabolite to inactive metabolites. Metabolism may vary widely among individuals. In the urine, hydroxynalidixic acid represents 80 to 85% of the antibacterial activity.

Rute Eliminasi

Following oral administration, NegGram is rapidly absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract, partially metabolized in the liver, and rapidly excreted through the kidneys. Approximately four percent of NegGram is excreted in the feces.

Interaksi Makanan

2 Data
  • 1. Drink plenty of fluids.
  • 2. Take with food. Food reduces irritation.

Interaksi Obat

1040 Data
Ivabradine Ivabradine may increase the QTc-prolonging activities of Nalidixic acid.
Melphalan The risk or severity of gastrointestinal bleeding can be increased when Nalidixic acid is combined with Melphalan.
Didanosine Didanosine can cause a decrease in the absorption of Nalidixic acid resulting in a reduced serum concentration and potentially a decrease in efficacy.
Probenecid Probenecid may decrease the excretion rate of Nalidixic acid which could result in a higher serum level.
Quinapril Quinapril can cause a decrease in the absorption of Nalidixic acid resulting in a reduced serum concentration and potentially a decrease in efficacy.
Calcium acetate Calcium acetate can cause a decrease in the absorption of Nalidixic acid resulting in a reduced serum concentration and potentially a decrease in efficacy.
Sevelamer Sevelamer can cause a decrease in the absorption of Nalidixic acid resulting in a reduced serum concentration and potentially a decrease in efficacy.
Iron Dextran Iron Dextran can cause a decrease in the absorption of Nalidixic acid resulting in a reduced serum concentration and potentially a decrease in efficacy.
Calcium Calcium can cause a decrease in the absorption of Nalidixic acid resulting in a reduced serum concentration and potentially a decrease in efficacy.
Calcium carbonate Calcium carbonate can cause a decrease in the absorption of Nalidixic acid resulting in a reduced serum concentration and potentially a decrease in efficacy.
Lanthanum carbonate Lanthanum carbonate can cause a decrease in the absorption of Nalidixic acid resulting in a reduced serum concentration and potentially a decrease in efficacy.
Ferric carboxymaltose Ferric carboxymaltose can cause a decrease in the absorption of Nalidixic acid resulting in a reduced serum concentration and potentially a decrease in efficacy.
Iron sucrose Iron sucrose can cause a decrease in the absorption of Nalidixic acid resulting in a reduced serum concentration and potentially a decrease in efficacy.
Ferric pyrophosphate Ferric pyrophosphate can cause a decrease in the absorption of Nalidixic acid resulting in a reduced serum concentration and potentially a decrease in efficacy.
Calcium citrate Calcium citrate can cause a decrease in the absorption of Nalidixic acid resulting in a reduced serum concentration and potentially a decrease in efficacy.
Calcium gluconate Calcium gluconate can cause a decrease in the absorption of Nalidixic acid resulting in a reduced serum concentration and potentially a decrease in efficacy.
Ferric sulfate Ferric sulfate can cause a decrease in the absorption of Nalidixic acid resulting in a reduced serum concentration and potentially a decrease in efficacy.
Ferric cation Ferric cation can cause a decrease in the absorption of Nalidixic acid resulting in a reduced serum concentration and potentially a decrease in efficacy.
Tetraferric tricitrate decahydrate Tetraferric tricitrate decahydrate can cause a decrease in the absorption of Nalidixic acid resulting in a reduced serum concentration and potentially a decrease in efficacy.
Lanthanum III cation Lanthanum III cation can cause a decrease in the absorption of Nalidixic acid resulting in a reduced serum concentration and potentially a decrease in efficacy.
Calcium polycarbophil Calcium polycarbophil can cause a decrease in the absorption of Nalidixic acid resulting in a reduced serum concentration and potentially a decrease in efficacy.
Ferric oxyhydroxide Ferric oxyhydroxide can cause a decrease in the absorption of Nalidixic acid resulting in a reduced serum concentration and potentially a decrease in efficacy.
Sucralfate Sucralfate can cause a decrease in the absorption of Nalidixic acid resulting in a reduced serum concentration and potentially a decrease in efficacy.
Zolmitriptan The metabolism of Zolmitriptan can be decreased when combined with Nalidixic acid.
Nitrofurantoin The therapeutic efficacy of Nalidixic acid can be decreased when used in combination with Nitrofurantoin.
Mycophenolate mofetil The serum concentration of Mycophenolate mofetil can be decreased when it is combined with Nalidixic acid.
Mycophenolic acid The serum concentration of Mycophenolic acid can be decreased when it is combined with Nalidixic acid.
Picosulfuric acid The therapeutic efficacy of Picosulfuric acid can be decreased when used in combination with Nalidixic acid.
Insulin human The therapeutic efficacy of Insulin human can be increased when used in combination with Nalidixic acid.
Insulin lispro The therapeutic efficacy of Insulin lispro can be increased when used in combination with Nalidixic acid.
Insulin pork The therapeutic efficacy of Insulin pork can be increased when used in combination with Nalidixic acid.
Troglitazone The therapeutic efficacy of Troglitazone can be increased when used in combination with Nalidixic acid.
Glimepiride The therapeutic efficacy of Glimepiride can be increased when used in combination with Nalidixic acid.
Sulfisoxazole The therapeutic efficacy of Sulfisoxazole can be increased when used in combination with Nalidixic acid.
Acarbose The therapeutic efficacy of Acarbose can be increased when used in combination with Nalidixic acid.
Metformin The therapeutic efficacy of Metformin can be increased when used in combination with Nalidixic acid.
Sulfadiazine The therapeutic efficacy of Sulfadiazine can be increased when used in combination with Nalidixic acid.
Rosiglitazone The therapeutic efficacy of Rosiglitazone can be increased when used in combination with Nalidixic acid.
Acetohexamide The therapeutic efficacy of Acetohexamide can be increased when used in combination with Nalidixic acid.
Miglitol The therapeutic efficacy of Miglitol can be increased when used in combination with Nalidixic acid.
Chlorpropamide The therapeutic efficacy of Chlorpropamide can be increased when used in combination with Nalidixic acid.
Nateglinide The therapeutic efficacy of Nateglinide can be increased when used in combination with Nalidixic acid.
Pentamidine The therapeutic efficacy of Pentamidine can be increased when used in combination with Nalidixic acid.
Tolazamide The therapeutic efficacy of Tolazamide can be increased when used in combination with Nalidixic acid.
Repaglinide The therapeutic efficacy of Repaglinide can be increased when used in combination with Nalidixic acid.
Phenformin The therapeutic efficacy of Phenformin can be increased when used in combination with Nalidixic acid.
Sulfamethoxazole The therapeutic efficacy of Sulfamethoxazole can be increased when used in combination with Nalidixic acid.
Glyburide The therapeutic efficacy of Glyburide can be increased when used in combination with Nalidixic acid.
Glipizide The therapeutic efficacy of Glipizide can be increased when used in combination with Nalidixic acid.
Gliclazide The therapeutic efficacy of Gliclazide can be increased when used in combination with Nalidixic acid.
Tolbutamide The therapeutic efficacy of Tolbutamide can be increased when used in combination with Nalidixic acid.
Pioglitazone The therapeutic efficacy of Pioglitazone can be increased when used in combination with Nalidixic acid.
Bromocriptine The therapeutic efficacy of Bromocriptine can be increased when used in combination with Nalidixic acid.
Gliquidone The therapeutic efficacy of Gliquidone can be increased when used in combination with Nalidixic acid.
Mitiglinide The therapeutic efficacy of Mitiglinide can be increased when used in combination with Nalidixic acid.
Sitagliptin The therapeutic efficacy of Sitagliptin can be increased when used in combination with Nalidixic acid.
Sunitinib The therapeutic efficacy of Sunitinib can be increased when used in combination with Nalidixic acid.
Exenatide The therapeutic efficacy of Exenatide can be increased when used in combination with Nalidixic acid.
Mecasermin The therapeutic efficacy of Mecasermin can be increased when used in combination with Nalidixic acid.
Pramlintide The therapeutic efficacy of Pramlintide can be increased when used in combination with Nalidixic acid.
Glisoxepide The therapeutic efficacy of Glisoxepide can be increased when used in combination with Nalidixic acid.
Insulin aspart The therapeutic efficacy of Insulin aspart can be increased when used in combination with Nalidixic acid.
Insulin glulisine The therapeutic efficacy of Insulin glulisine can be increased when used in combination with Nalidixic acid.
Glymidine The therapeutic efficacy of Glymidine can be increased when used in combination with Nalidixic acid.
AICA ribonucleotide The therapeutic efficacy of AICA ribonucleotide can be increased when used in combination with Nalidixic acid.
Buformin The therapeutic efficacy of Buformin can be increased when used in combination with Nalidixic acid.
Vildagliptin The therapeutic efficacy of Vildagliptin can be increased when used in combination with Nalidixic acid.
Voglibose The therapeutic efficacy of Voglibose can be increased when used in combination with Nalidixic acid.
NN344 The therapeutic efficacy of NN344 can be increased when used in combination with Nalidixic acid.
AMG-222 The therapeutic efficacy of AMG-222 can be increased when used in combination with Nalidixic acid.
Bisegliptin The therapeutic efficacy of Bisegliptin can be increased when used in combination with Nalidixic acid.
Alogliptin The therapeutic efficacy of Alogliptin can be increased when used in combination with Nalidixic acid.
Dapagliflozin The therapeutic efficacy of Dapagliflozin can be increased when used in combination with Nalidixic acid.
Saxagliptin The therapeutic efficacy of Saxagliptin can be increased when used in combination with Nalidixic acid.
Liraglutide The therapeutic efficacy of Liraglutide can be increased when used in combination with Nalidixic acid.
Gosogliptin The therapeutic efficacy of Gosogliptin can be increased when used in combination with Nalidixic acid.
Linagliptin The therapeutic efficacy of Linagliptin can be increased when used in combination with Nalidixic acid.
Canagliflozin The therapeutic efficacy of Canagliflozin can be increased when used in combination with Nalidixic acid.
Glibornuride The therapeutic efficacy of Glibornuride can be increased when used in combination with Nalidixic acid.
Benfluorex The therapeutic efficacy of Benfluorex can be increased when used in combination with Nalidixic acid.
Empagliflozin The therapeutic efficacy of Empagliflozin can be increased when used in combination with Nalidixic acid.
Albiglutide The therapeutic efficacy of Albiglutide can be increased when used in combination with Nalidixic acid.
Dulaglutide The therapeutic efficacy of Dulaglutide can be increased when used in combination with Nalidixic acid.
Lobeglitazone The therapeutic efficacy of Lobeglitazone can be increased when used in combination with Nalidixic acid.
Netoglitazone The therapeutic efficacy of Netoglitazone can be increased when used in combination with Nalidixic acid.
Rivoglitazone The therapeutic efficacy of Rivoglitazone can be increased when used in combination with Nalidixic acid.
Ciglitazone The therapeutic efficacy of Ciglitazone can be increased when used in combination with Nalidixic acid.
Lixisenatide The therapeutic efficacy of Lixisenatide can be increased when used in combination with Nalidixic acid.
Insulin beef The therapeutic efficacy of Insulin beef can be increased when used in combination with Nalidixic acid.
Insulin degludec The therapeutic efficacy of Insulin degludec can be increased when used in combination with Nalidixic acid.
Insulin peglispro The therapeutic efficacy of Insulin peglispro can be increased when used in combination with Nalidixic acid.
Insulin tregopil The therapeutic efficacy of Insulin tregopil can be increased when used in combination with Nalidixic acid.
Ipragliflozin The therapeutic efficacy of Ipragliflozin can be increased when used in combination with Nalidixic acid.
Dutogliptin The therapeutic efficacy of Dutogliptin can be increased when used in combination with Nalidixic acid.
Allicin The therapeutic efficacy of Allicin can be increased when used in combination with Nalidixic acid.
Tofogliflozin The therapeutic efficacy of Tofogliflozin can be increased when used in combination with Nalidixic acid.
Ertugliflozin The therapeutic efficacy of Ertugliflozin can be increased when used in combination with Nalidixic acid.
2,4-thiazolidinedione The therapeutic efficacy of 2,4-thiazolidinedione can be increased when used in combination with Nalidixic acid.
Teneligliptin The therapeutic efficacy of Teneligliptin can be increased when used in combination with Nalidixic acid.
Omarigliptin The therapeutic efficacy of Omarigliptin can be increased when used in combination with Nalidixic acid.

Target Protein

DNA
DNA topoisomerase 2-beta TOP2B
DNA topoisomerase 2-alpha TOP2A

Referensi & Sumber

Synthesis reference: Charles L. Fox, Jr., Shanta Modak, Keith Reemtsma, "Injection-resistant materials and method of making same through use of nalidixic acid derivatives." U.S. Patent US4563485, issued July, 1984.

Contoh Produk & Brand

Produk: 2 • International brands: 33
Produk
  • NegGram
    Tablet • 500 mg/1 • Oral • US • Approved
  • NegGram
    Tablet • 500 mg • Oral • Canada • Approved
International Brands
  • Adix — Nenza Pharma
  • Curiemylon — Panion & BF
  • Degram — Doctor's Chemical Works
  • Delugi — Washington
  • Dixicon — Jayson
  • Glanega — Meider
  • Gramazine — Johnson
  • Gramoneg — Ranbaxy
  • Huei Yi — Chen Ho
  • Lisalenb — San Tong

Sekuens Gen/Protein (FASTA)

Sekuens dimuat saat dibutuhkan agar halaman tetap ringan.
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