Peringatan Keamanan

The oral LD50 in the rat is > 50 mg/kg.^L8360

An overdose of latanoprost is not expected to result in dangerous patient outcomes, however, conjunctival or episcleral hyperemia may occur.^L8357 An intravenous infusion of 3 ?g/kg of latanoprost in healthy volunteers led to mean plasma concentrations 200 times higher than a normally administered therapeutic dose and no adverse effects were noted.^L8357 One study suggested that an overdose of latanoprost leads to cystoid macular edema after a large, unintended overdose. This resolved within 4 weeks after 4 weeks following treatment with nepafenac 0.3% eye drops in addition to oral acetazolamide.^A184538 Contact the local poison control center for updated guidance on managing a latanoprost overdose.

Latanoprost

DB00654

small molecule approved investigational

Deskripsi

Latanoprost is a prodrug analog of prostaglandin F2 alpha that is used to treat elevated intraocular pressure (IOP). It was initially approved by the FDA in 1998. Latanoprost is the first topical prostaglandin F2 alpha analog used for glaucoma treatment.^A184493 It has been found to be well-tolerated and its use does not normally result in systemic adverse effects like other drugs used to treat elevated intraocular pressure, such as Timolol. Another benefit latanoprost is that it can be administered once a day.^A184490

Struktur Molekul 2D

Berat 432.5928

Wujud liquid

Peta Jejaring Molekuler

Obat Target Gen Interaksi Enzim Transporter Carrier

Legenda: Obat • Target • Gen • Enzim • (Panah → menunjukkan arah efek / relasi) • Transporter • Carrier

1. Pendahuluan & Konsep

Fitur visualisasi ini dikembangkan menggunakan pendekatan Graph Theory untuk memetakan hubungan polifarmasi dan molekuler. Entitas (Obat, Target, Gen) direpresentasikan sebagai Simpul (Nodes), sedangkan hubungan biologisnya sebagai Sisi (Edges).

2. Sumber Data (Validasi)

Data Obat: Diekstraksi dari elemen drugbank-id dan name pada skema XML DrugBank.
Target Protein: Diambil dari elemen targets/target yang memuat polipeptida sasaran.
Genetik: Disinkronisasi dari sub-elemen gene-name dan varian snp-effects.
Genetik: Jumlah titik node dibatasi pada maksimal 10 (Slice=10) interaksi untuk menghindari tumpukan data.

3. Algoritma Visualisasi

Tata letak grafik menggunakan algoritma Force-Directed Graph (Barnes-Hut). Model fisika ini menerapkan gaya tolak-menolak antar simpul (Gravitasi: -3000) agar tidak tumpang tindih, serta gaya pegas (Spring: 0.04) pada garis penghubung untuk fleksibilitas interaksi.

4. Legenda Visual

Obat Utama (Pusat Analisis)

Target Protein (Mekanisme)

Gen (Faktor Genetik)

Metode ini mendukung analisis Precision Medicine dan evaluasi risiko Drug-Drug Interaction (DDI).

Profil Farmakokinetik

Waktu Paruh (Half-Life) The elimination half-life of latanoprost from the plasma is about 17 minutes.[A184493,L8357] The elimination half-life of latanoprost from the eye is estimated at 2–3 hours.[A184493]

Volume Distribusi The volume of distribution of latanoprost is 0.16 ± 0.02 L/kg. The activated acid form of latanoprost can be measured in aqueous humor in the initial 4 hours post-administration, and it is measured in the plasma only for 1 hour following ophthalmic administration.[L8357] This drug is more lipophilic than its parent prostaglandin and easily penetrates the cornea.[A184490] It has been shown to cross the placenta in rats.[L8402]

Klirens (Clearance) The systemic clearance of latanoprost is 7 mL/min/kg.[L8357]

Absorpsi

This drug is rapidly absorbed in the cornea as an isopropyl ester prodrug and is then activated by the process of hydrolysis. A small amount of this drug is systemically absorbed.^A184490 The Cmax of latanoprost in the systemic circulation is reached after 5 minutes and is measured to be 53 pg/mL. The Cmax in the aqueous humor is attained within 2 hours after administration.A184493,L8357 and has been estimated to be 15-30 ng/mL.^A184493

Metabolisme

After corneal uptake, this prodrug is hydrolyzed and activated by esterases to become a pharmacologically active drug. The small portion of this drug that is able to reach the circulation is found to be metabolized by the liver to the 1,2-dinor and 1,2,3,4-tetranor metabolites through fatty acid beta-oxidation.A184490,A184493,L8357

Rute Eliminasi

After hepatic beta-oxidation, the metabolites of latanoprost are primarily found to be excreted by the kidneys. About 88% of the latanoprost dose is recovered in the urine after topical administration.A184490,L8357 About 15% of a dose is reported to be excreted in the feces.^L8402

Interaksi Obat

111 Data

Bimatoprost	The risk or severity of intraocular pressure can be increased when Latanoprost is combined with Bimatoprost.
Icosapent	The therapeutic efficacy of Latanoprost can be decreased when used in combination with Icosapent.
Indomethacin	The therapeutic efficacy of Latanoprost can be decreased when used in combination with Indomethacin.
Nabumetone	The therapeutic efficacy of Latanoprost can be decreased when used in combination with Nabumetone.
Ketorolac	The therapeutic efficacy of Latanoprost can be decreased when used in combination with Ketorolac.
Tenoxicam	The therapeutic efficacy of Latanoprost can be decreased when used in combination with Tenoxicam.
Celecoxib	The therapeutic efficacy of Latanoprost can be decreased when used in combination with Celecoxib.
Tolmetin	The therapeutic efficacy of Latanoprost can be decreased when used in combination with Tolmetin.
Rofecoxib	The therapeutic efficacy of Latanoprost can be decreased when used in combination with Rofecoxib.
Piroxicam	The therapeutic efficacy of Latanoprost can be decreased when used in combination with Piroxicam.
Fenoprofen	The therapeutic efficacy of Latanoprost can be decreased when used in combination with Fenoprofen.
Valdecoxib	The therapeutic efficacy of Latanoprost can be decreased when used in combination with Valdecoxib.
Diclofenac	The therapeutic efficacy of Latanoprost can be decreased when used in combination with Diclofenac.
Sulindac	The therapeutic efficacy of Latanoprost can be decreased when used in combination with Sulindac.
Flurbiprofen	The therapeutic efficacy of Latanoprost can be decreased when used in combination with Flurbiprofen.
Etodolac	The therapeutic efficacy of Latanoprost can be decreased when used in combination with Etodolac.
Mefenamic acid	The therapeutic efficacy of Latanoprost can be decreased when used in combination with Mefenamic acid.
Naproxen	The therapeutic efficacy of Latanoprost can be decreased when used in combination with Naproxen.
Sulfasalazine	The therapeutic efficacy of Latanoprost can be decreased when used in combination with Sulfasalazine.
Phenylbutazone	The therapeutic efficacy of Latanoprost can be decreased when used in combination with Phenylbutazone.
Meloxicam	The therapeutic efficacy of Latanoprost can be decreased when used in combination with Meloxicam.
Carprofen	The therapeutic efficacy of Latanoprost can be decreased when used in combination with Carprofen.
Diflunisal	The therapeutic efficacy of Latanoprost can be decreased when used in combination with Diflunisal.
Salicylic acid	The therapeutic efficacy of Latanoprost can be decreased when used in combination with Salicylic acid.
Meclofenamic acid	The therapeutic efficacy of Latanoprost can be decreased when used in combination with Meclofenamic acid.
Acetylsalicylic acid	The therapeutic efficacy of Latanoprost can be decreased when used in combination with Acetylsalicylic acid.
Oxaprozin	The therapeutic efficacy of Latanoprost can be decreased when used in combination with Oxaprozin.
Ketoprofen	The therapeutic efficacy of Latanoprost can be decreased when used in combination with Ketoprofen.
Balsalazide	The therapeutic efficacy of Latanoprost can be decreased when used in combination with Balsalazide.
Ibuprofen	The therapeutic efficacy of Latanoprost can be decreased when used in combination with Ibuprofen.
Lumiracoxib	The therapeutic efficacy of Latanoprost can be decreased when used in combination with Lumiracoxib.
Magnesium salicylate	The therapeutic efficacy of Latanoprost can be decreased when used in combination with Magnesium salicylate.
Salsalate	The therapeutic efficacy of Latanoprost can be decreased when used in combination with Salsalate.
Choline magnesium trisalicylate	The therapeutic efficacy of Latanoprost can be decreased when used in combination with Choline magnesium trisalicylate.
Antrafenine	The therapeutic efficacy of Latanoprost can be decreased when used in combination with Antrafenine.
Aminophenazone	The therapeutic efficacy of Latanoprost can be decreased when used in combination with Aminophenazone.
Antipyrine	The therapeutic efficacy of Latanoprost can be decreased when used in combination with Antipyrine.
Tiaprofenic acid	The therapeutic efficacy of Latanoprost can be decreased when used in combination with Tiaprofenic acid.
Etoricoxib	The therapeutic efficacy of Latanoprost can be decreased when used in combination with Etoricoxib.
Taxifolin	The therapeutic efficacy of Latanoprost can be decreased when used in combination with Taxifolin.
Oxyphenbutazone	The therapeutic efficacy of Latanoprost can be decreased when used in combination with Oxyphenbutazone.
Licofelone	The therapeutic efficacy of Latanoprost can be decreased when used in combination with Licofelone.
Nimesulide	The therapeutic efficacy of Latanoprost can be decreased when used in combination with Nimesulide.
Benoxaprofen	The therapeutic efficacy of Latanoprost can be decreased when used in combination with Benoxaprofen.
Zomepirac	The therapeutic efficacy of Latanoprost can be decreased when used in combination with Zomepirac.
Cimicoxib	The therapeutic efficacy of Latanoprost can be decreased when used in combination with Cimicoxib.
Lornoxicam	The therapeutic efficacy of Latanoprost can be decreased when used in combination with Lornoxicam.
Aceclofenac	The therapeutic efficacy of Latanoprost can be decreased when used in combination with Aceclofenac.
Zaltoprofen	The therapeutic efficacy of Latanoprost can be decreased when used in combination with Zaltoprofen.
Azapropazone	The therapeutic efficacy of Latanoprost can be decreased when used in combination with Azapropazone.
Parecoxib	The therapeutic efficacy of Latanoprost can be decreased when used in combination with Parecoxib.
Salicylamide	The therapeutic efficacy of Latanoprost can be decreased when used in combination with Salicylamide.
Kebuzone	The therapeutic efficacy of Latanoprost can be decreased when used in combination with Kebuzone.
Isoxicam	The therapeutic efficacy of Latanoprost can be decreased when used in combination with Isoxicam.
Indoprofen	The therapeutic efficacy of Latanoprost can be decreased when used in combination with Indoprofen.
Ibuproxam	The therapeutic efficacy of Latanoprost can be decreased when used in combination with Ibuproxam.
Floctafenine	The therapeutic efficacy of Latanoprost can be decreased when used in combination with Floctafenine.
Fenbufen	The therapeutic efficacy of Latanoprost can be decreased when used in combination with Fenbufen.
Etofenamate	The therapeutic efficacy of Latanoprost can be decreased when used in combination with Etofenamate.
Epirizole	The therapeutic efficacy of Latanoprost can be decreased when used in combination with Epirizole.
Benzydamine	The therapeutic efficacy of Latanoprost can be decreased when used in combination with Benzydamine.
Dexibuprofen	The therapeutic efficacy of Latanoprost can be decreased when used in combination with Dexibuprofen.
Dexketoprofen	The therapeutic efficacy of Latanoprost can be decreased when used in combination with Dexketoprofen.
Droxicam	The therapeutic efficacy of Latanoprost can be decreased when used in combination with Droxicam.
Tolfenamic acid	The therapeutic efficacy of Latanoprost can be decreased when used in combination with Tolfenamic acid.
Firocoxib	The therapeutic efficacy of Latanoprost can be decreased when used in combination with Firocoxib.
Clonixin	The therapeutic efficacy of Latanoprost can be decreased when used in combination with Clonixin.
Morniflumate	The therapeutic efficacy of Latanoprost can be decreased when used in combination with Morniflumate.
Propacetamol	The therapeutic efficacy of Latanoprost can be decreased when used in combination with Propacetamol.
Talniflumate	The therapeutic efficacy of Latanoprost can be decreased when used in combination with Talniflumate.
Robenacoxib	The therapeutic efficacy of Latanoprost can be decreased when used in combination with Robenacoxib.
Tepoxalin	The therapeutic efficacy of Latanoprost can be decreased when used in combination with Tepoxalin.
Flunixin	The therapeutic efficacy of Latanoprost can be decreased when used in combination with Flunixin.
Polmacoxib	The therapeutic efficacy of Latanoprost can be decreased when used in combination with Polmacoxib.
Nitroaspirin	The therapeutic efficacy of Latanoprost can be decreased when used in combination with Nitroaspirin.
Indobufen	The therapeutic efficacy of Latanoprost can be decreased when used in combination with Indobufen.
Ebselen	The therapeutic efficacy of Latanoprost can be decreased when used in combination with Ebselen.
Tinoridine	The therapeutic efficacy of Latanoprost can be decreased when used in combination with Tinoridine.
Alclofenac	The therapeutic efficacy of Latanoprost can be decreased when used in combination with Alclofenac.
Fentiazac	The therapeutic efficacy of Latanoprost can be decreased when used in combination with Fentiazac.
Suxibuzone	The therapeutic efficacy of Latanoprost can be decreased when used in combination with Suxibuzone.
Bumadizone	The therapeutic efficacy of Latanoprost can be decreased when used in combination with Bumadizone.
Alminoprofen	The therapeutic efficacy of Latanoprost can be decreased when used in combination with Alminoprofen.
Difenpiramide	The therapeutic efficacy of Latanoprost can be decreased when used in combination with Difenpiramide.
Nifenazone	The therapeutic efficacy of Latanoprost can be decreased when used in combination with Nifenazone.
Lonazolac	The therapeutic efficacy of Latanoprost can be decreased when used in combination with Lonazolac.
Tenidap	The therapeutic efficacy of Latanoprost can be decreased when used in combination with Tenidap.
Propyphenazone	The therapeutic efficacy of Latanoprost can be decreased when used in combination with Propyphenazone.
Proglumetacin	The therapeutic efficacy of Latanoprost can be decreased when used in combination with Proglumetacin.
Guacetisal	The therapeutic efficacy of Latanoprost can be decreased when used in combination with Guacetisal.
Ethenzamide	The therapeutic efficacy of Latanoprost can be decreased when used in combination with Ethenzamide.
Carbaspirin calcium	The therapeutic efficacy of Latanoprost can be decreased when used in combination with Carbaspirin calcium.
Mofebutazone	The therapeutic efficacy of Latanoprost can be decreased when used in combination with Mofebutazone.
Proquazone	The therapeutic efficacy of Latanoprost can be decreased when used in combination with Proquazone.
Benorilate	The therapeutic efficacy of Latanoprost can be decreased when used in combination with Benorilate.
Pirprofen	The therapeutic efficacy of Latanoprost can be decreased when used in combination with Pirprofen.
Acemetacin	The therapeutic efficacy of Latanoprost can be decreased when used in combination with Acemetacin.
Imidazole salicylate	The therapeutic efficacy of Latanoprost can be decreased when used in combination with Imidazole salicylate.
SC-236	The therapeutic efficacy of Latanoprost can be decreased when used in combination with SC-236.
NS-398	The therapeutic efficacy of Latanoprost can be decreased when used in combination with NS-398.

Target Protein

Prostaglandin F2-alpha receptor PTGFR

Referensi & Sumber

Synthesis reference: Arie Gutman, "Process for the preparation of latanoprost." U.S. Patent US20030149294, issued August 07, 2003.

Artikel (PubMed)

PMID: 11406947
Hara T: Increased iris pigmentation after use of latanoprost in Japanese brown eyes. Nippon Ganka Gakkai Zasshi. 2001 May;105(5):314-21.
PMID: 8922563
Patel SS, Spencer CM: Latanoprost. A review of its pharmacological properties, clinical efficacy and tolerability in the management of primary open-angle glaucoma and ocular hypertension. Drugs Aging. 1996 Nov;9(5):363-78. doi: 10.2165/00002512-199609050-00007.
PMID: 25328381
Alm A: Latanoprost in the treatment of glaucoma. Clin Ophthalmol. 2014 Sep 26;8:1967-85. doi: 10.2147/OPTH.S59162. eCollection 2014.
PMID: 29921209
Makri OE, Tsekouras IK, Plotas P, Tsapardoni F, Pallikari A, Georgakopoulos CD: Cystoid Macular Edema Due to Accidental Latanoprost Overdose After Uncomplicated Phacoemulsification. Curr Drug Saf. 2018;13(3):208-210. doi: 10.2174/1574886313666180619163845.
PMID: 12204697
Sjoquist B, Stjernschantz J: Ocular and systemic pharmacokinetics of latanoprost in humans. Surv Ophthalmol. 2002 Aug;47 Suppl 1:S6-12.

Link

Contoh Produk & Brand

Produk: 78 • International brands: 19

Produk

Act Latanoprost/timolol

Solution • - • Ophthalmic • Canada • Approved
Ag-latanoprost

Solution • 50 mcg / mL • Ophthalmic • Canada • Generic • Approved
Apo-latanoprost

Solution • 50 mcg / mL • Ophthalmic • Canada • Generic • Approved
Apo-latanoprost-timop

Solution • - • Ophthalmic • Canada • Generic • Approved
Bl Latanoprost

Solution • 50 mcg / mL • Ophthalmic • Canada • Approved
Catiolanze

- • 50 μg/ml • Ophthalmic • EU • Approved
Catiolanze

- • 50 μg/ml • Ophthalmic • EU • Approved
Catiolanze

- • 50 μg/ml • Ophthalmic • EU • Approved

Menampilkan 8 dari 78 produk.

International Brands

Arulatan — Dr. Gerhard Mann
Gaap — Sophia
Gaap Ofteno — Sophia
Gaax — Chile
Glaucogesic — Atlas
Glaumax — Kevelt
Glauprost — Arrow
Hysite — Pfizer
Iopize — SIFI
Ioprost — FDC

Sekuens Gen/Protein (FASTA)

Sekuens dimuat saat dibutuhkan agar halaman tetap ringan.