Peringatan Keamanan

There is limited information regarding the LD50 of medium-chain triglycerides; however, MCTs at doses up to levels of 1g/kg have been safely consumed by humans in several clinical trials.A246913

Fat overload syndrome is a condition rarely reported with the use of intravenous lipid emulsions that is most frequently observed when the recommended lipid dose or infusion rate was exceeded. However, some cases still occurred when the lipid formulation was administered according to instructions. Fat overload syndrome results from a reduced or limited ability to metabolize lipids, accompanied by prolonged plasma clearance, leading to a sudden deterioration in the patient's condition.L41340

If signs or symptoms of fat overload syndrome occur, stop the infusion of medium chain triglyceride-containing emulsions until triglyceride levels have normalized and symptoms have abated. The effects are usually reversible by stopping the lipid infusion. If medically appropriate, further intervention may be indicated. Lipids are not dialyzable from plasma.L41340

Medium-chain triglycerides

DB13959

small molecule approved

Deskripsi

Medium-chain triglycerides (MCTs) are triglycerides made up of a glycerol backbone and three fatty acids with an aliphatic tail of six to 12 carbon atoms. MCTs are found in natural foods, such as coconut oil, palm kernel oil, and raw coconut meat. In the body, MCTs are broken down into glycerol and free fatty acids, which are directly absorbed into the blood stream and transported to the target organs to exert a range of biological and metabolic effects.A246688 MCTs are used in parenteral nutrition therapy: they serve as a source of calories and essential fatty acids in conditions associated with malnutrition and malabsorption.L41340

Struktur Molekul 2D

Struktur tidak tersedia

Peta Jejaring Molekuler
Legenda: ObatTargetGenEnzim(Panah → menunjukkan arah efek / relasi)TransporterCarrier

Profil Farmakokinetik

Waktu Paruh (Half-Life) The plasma half-life of medium chain triglycerides is recorded to be 11 minutes and that of medium chain fatty acids is about 17 minutes.[A33174]
Volume Distribusi The apparent volumes of distribution have been researched as approximately 4.5 L for medium chain triglycerides and 19 L for medium chain fatty acids in a typical 70-kg subject.[A33174]
Klirens (Clearance) The clearance of medium chain triglycerides in healthy control subjects was measured to be about 1.93 +/- 0.34 mL.kg-1.min-1.[A33179]

Absorpsi

Medium chain triglycerides are rapidly absorbed.A33175,L41588 They passively and directly diffuse across the gastrointestinal tract into the portal system then to liver, where they are oxidized.A246933,L41588

Metabolisme

Medium chain triglycerides are hydrolyzed by lipoprotein lipase to glycerol and medium-chain free fatty acids such as alpha-linolenic acid and linoleic acid.A246688,L41340,L41588 Free fatty acids then undergo ?-oxidation in the organs such as the liver, kidneys, and heart. Alpha-linolenic acid and linoleic acid are metabolized within a common biochemical pathway through a series of desaturation and elongation steps. Downstream products of alpha-linolenic acid are eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), and linoleic acid is converted to arachidonic acid.L41340

Rute Eliminasi

There is limited information available regarding the main route of elimination.

Interaksi Obat

0 Data
Tidak ada data.

Referensi & Sumber

Artikel (PubMed)
  • PMID: 8748191
    Mingrone G, De Gaetano A, Greco AV, Capristo E, Castagneto M, Gasbarrini G: Medium-chain triglycerides for parenteral nutrition: kinetic profile in humans. Nutrition. 1995 Sep-Oct;11(5):418-22.
  • PMID: 28053676
    Los-Rycharska E, Kieraszewicz Z, Czerwionka-Szaflarska M: Medium chain triglycerides (MCT) formulas in paediatric and allergological practice. Prz Gastroenterol. 2016;11(4):226-231. doi: 10.5114/pg.2016.61374. Epub 2016 Jul 20.
  • PMID: 7702024
    Druml W, Fischer M, Pidlich J, Lenz K: Fat elimination in chronic hepatic failure: long-chain vs medium-chain triglycerides. Am J Clin Nutr. 1995 Apr;61(4):812-7. doi: 10.1093/ajcn/61.4.812.
  • PMID: 29420554
    Wang Y, Liu Z, Han Y, Xu J, Huang W, Li Z: Medium Chain Triglycerides enhances exercise endurance through the increased mitochondrial biogenesis and metabolism. PLoS One. 2018 Feb 8;13(2):e0191182. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0191182. eCollection 2018.
  • PMID: 10685018
    Traul KA, Driedger A, Ingle DL, Nakhasi D: Review of the toxicologic properties of medium-chain triglycerides. Food Chem Toxicol. 2000 Jan;38(1):79-98. doi: 10.1016/s0278-6915(99)00106-4.
  • PMID: 20367215
    Clegg ME: Medium-chain triglycerides are advantageous in promoting weight loss although not beneficial to exercise performance. Int J Food Sci Nutr. 2010 Nov;61(7):653-79. doi: 10.3109/09637481003702114.
  • PMID: 12634436
    St-Onge MP, Ross R, Parsons WD, Jones PJ: Medium-chain triglycerides increase energy expenditure and decrease adiposity in overweight men. Obes Res. 2003 Mar;11(3):395-402. doi: 10.1038/oby.2003.53.
  • PMID: 32212947
    Maher T, Clegg ME: A systematic review and meta-analysis of medium-chain triglycerides effects on acute satiety and food intake. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr. 2021;61(4):636-648. doi: 10.1080/10408398.2020.1742654. Epub 2020 Mar 26.
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