Peringatan Keamanan

There is no information regarding the LD50 and overdose of axicabatagene ciloleucel.^L42090 Axicabatagene ciloleucel is reported to induce cytokine release syndrome (CRS) and neurotoxicity. No carcinogenicity, genotoxicity, or reproductive toxicity studies have been conducted with axicabatagene ciloleucel.^L40054

Axicabtagene ciloleucel

DB13915

biotech approved

Deskripsi

Axicabtagene ciloleucel is an anti-CD19 chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy. The drug has a unique mechanism of action, as it utilizes the patient's own T cells, which play a central role in immune response to cancer.^A216163 Once T-cells are collected from the patient, they are genetically engineered to express anti-CD19 CARs that recognize and kill cancer cells, and are infused back into the patient.^A249030 Each dose of axicabtagene ciloleucel represent the patient's genetically modified T-cells.^L40054 The development of resulted from early preclinical studies conducted by a group of researchers at the National Cancer Institute (NCI), who demonstrated that T cells expressing an anti-CD19 CAR can produce cytokines that efficiently kill leukemic cells in vitro.^A216163

Axicabtagene ciloleucel was approved by the FDA on October 18th, 2017. It is marketed under the brand name Yescarta and is used to treat large B-cell lymphomas and follicular lymphoma in adults.^L40054 Axicabtagene ciloleucel was later approved by the EMA on August 23, 2018.^L42090

Struktur Molekul 2D

Struktur tidak tersedia

Peta Jejaring Molekuler

Obat Target Gen Interaksi Enzim Transporter Carrier

Legenda: Obat • Target • Gen • Enzim • (Panah → menunjukkan arah efek / relasi) • Transporter • Carrier

1. Pendahuluan & Konsep

Fitur visualisasi ini dikembangkan menggunakan pendekatan Graph Theory untuk memetakan hubungan polifarmasi dan molekuler. Entitas (Obat, Target, Gen) direpresentasikan sebagai Simpul (Nodes), sedangkan hubungan biologisnya sebagai Sisi (Edges).

2. Sumber Data (Validasi)

Data Obat: Diekstraksi dari elemen drugbank-id dan name pada skema XML DrugBank.
Target Protein: Diambil dari elemen targets/target yang memuat polipeptida sasaran.
Genetik: Disinkronisasi dari sub-elemen gene-name dan varian snp-effects.
Genetik: Jumlah titik node dibatasi pada maksimal 10 (Slice=10) interaksi untuk menghindari tumpukan data.

3. Algoritma Visualisasi

Tata letak grafik menggunakan algoritma Force-Directed Graph (Barnes-Hut). Model fisika ini menerapkan gaya tolak-menolak antar simpul (Gravitasi: -3000) agar tidak tumpang tindih, serta gaya pegas (Spring: 0.04) pada garis penghubung untuk fleksibilitas interaksi.

4. Legenda Visual

Obat Utama (Pusat Analisis)

Target Protein (Mekanisme)

Gen (Faktor Genetik)

Metode ini mendukung analisis Precision Medicine dan evaluasi risiko Drug-Drug Interaction (DDI).

Profil Farmakokinetik

Waktu Paruh (Half-Life) -

Volume Distribusi -

Klirens (Clearance) -

Absorpsi

Following intravenous infusion, anti-CD19 CAR T cells rapidly expands, followed by a decline to near baseline levels by three months. Peak levels of anti-CD19 CAR T cells occurred within the first seven to 14 days following infusion.^L40054 The median peak level of anti-CD19 CAR T cells in the blood (C_max) was 38.3 cells/µL (range: 0.8 to 1513.7 cells/?L), which decreased to a median of 2.1 cells/µL by one month (range: 0 to 167.4 cells/?L) and to a median of 0.4 cells/µL by three months (range: 0 to 28.4 cells/?L) after drug infusion.^L42090

Metabolisme

Data metabolisme tidak tersedia.

Rute Eliminasi

Data eliminasi belum tersedia.

Interaksi Obat

38 Data

Darbepoetin alfa	The risk or severity of Thrombosis can be increased when Darbepoetin alfa is combined with Axicabtagene ciloleucel.
Erythropoietin	The risk or severity of Thrombosis can be increased when Erythropoietin is combined with Axicabtagene ciloleucel.
Peginesatide	The risk or severity of Thrombosis can be increased when Peginesatide is combined with Axicabtagene ciloleucel.
Methoxy polyethylene glycol-epoetin beta	The risk or severity of Thrombosis can be increased when Methoxy polyethylene glycol-epoetin beta is combined with Axicabtagene ciloleucel.
Lidocaine	The risk or severity of methemoglobinemia can be increased when Axicabtagene ciloleucel is combined with Lidocaine.
Ropivacaine	The risk or severity of methemoglobinemia can be increased when Axicabtagene ciloleucel is combined with Ropivacaine.
Bupivacaine	The risk or severity of methemoglobinemia can be increased when Axicabtagene ciloleucel is combined with Bupivacaine.
Cinchocaine	The risk or severity of methemoglobinemia can be increased when Axicabtagene ciloleucel is combined with Cinchocaine.
Dyclonine	The risk or severity of methemoglobinemia can be increased when Axicabtagene ciloleucel is combined with Dyclonine.
Procaine	The risk or severity of methemoglobinemia can be increased when Axicabtagene ciloleucel is combined with Procaine.
Prilocaine	The risk or severity of methemoglobinemia can be increased when Axicabtagene ciloleucel is combined with Prilocaine.
Proparacaine	The risk or severity of methemoglobinemia can be increased when Axicabtagene ciloleucel is combined with Proparacaine.
Meloxicam	The risk or severity of methemoglobinemia can be increased when Axicabtagene ciloleucel is combined with Meloxicam.
Oxybuprocaine	The risk or severity of methemoglobinemia can be increased when Axicabtagene ciloleucel is combined with Oxybuprocaine.
Cocaine	The risk or severity of methemoglobinemia can be increased when Axicabtagene ciloleucel is combined with Cocaine.
Mepivacaine	The risk or severity of methemoglobinemia can be increased when Axicabtagene ciloleucel is combined with Mepivacaine.
Levobupivacaine	The risk or severity of methemoglobinemia can be increased when Axicabtagene ciloleucel is combined with Levobupivacaine.
Diphenhydramine	The risk or severity of methemoglobinemia can be increased when Axicabtagene ciloleucel is combined with Diphenhydramine.
Benzocaine	The risk or severity of methemoglobinemia can be increased when Axicabtagene ciloleucel is combined with Benzocaine.
Chloroprocaine	The risk or severity of methemoglobinemia can be increased when Axicabtagene ciloleucel is combined with Chloroprocaine.
Phenol	The risk or severity of methemoglobinemia can be increased when Axicabtagene ciloleucel is combined with Phenol.
Tetrodotoxin	The risk or severity of methemoglobinemia can be increased when Axicabtagene ciloleucel is combined with Tetrodotoxin.
Benzyl alcohol	The risk or severity of methemoglobinemia can be increased when Axicabtagene ciloleucel is combined with Benzyl alcohol.
Capsaicin	The risk or severity of methemoglobinemia can be increased when Axicabtagene ciloleucel is combined with Capsaicin.
Etidocaine	The risk or severity of methemoglobinemia can be increased when Axicabtagene ciloleucel is combined with Etidocaine.
Articaine	The risk or severity of methemoglobinemia can be increased when Axicabtagene ciloleucel is combined with Articaine.
Tetracaine	The risk or severity of methemoglobinemia can be increased when Axicabtagene ciloleucel is combined with Tetracaine.
Propoxycaine	The risk or severity of methemoglobinemia can be increased when Axicabtagene ciloleucel is combined with Propoxycaine.
Pramocaine	The risk or severity of methemoglobinemia can be increased when Axicabtagene ciloleucel is combined with Pramocaine.
Butamben	The risk or severity of methemoglobinemia can be increased when Axicabtagene ciloleucel is combined with Butamben.
Butacaine	The risk or severity of methemoglobinemia can be increased when Axicabtagene ciloleucel is combined with Butacaine.
Oxetacaine	The risk or severity of methemoglobinemia can be increased when Axicabtagene ciloleucel is combined with Oxetacaine.
Ethyl chloride	The risk or severity of methemoglobinemia can be increased when Axicabtagene ciloleucel is combined with Ethyl chloride.
Butanilicaine	The risk or severity of methemoglobinemia can be increased when Axicabtagene ciloleucel is combined with Butanilicaine.
Metabutethamine	The risk or severity of methemoglobinemia can be increased when Axicabtagene ciloleucel is combined with Metabutethamine.
Quinisocaine	The risk or severity of methemoglobinemia can be increased when Axicabtagene ciloleucel is combined with Quinisocaine.
Ambroxol	The risk or severity of methemoglobinemia can be increased when Axicabtagene ciloleucel is combined with Ambroxol.
Etrasimod	The risk or severity of immunosuppression can be increased when Axicabtagene ciloleucel is combined with Etrasimod.

Target Protein

B-lymphocyte antigen CD19 CD19

Referensi & Sumber

Artikel (PubMed)

PMID: 8528044
Scheuermann RH, Racila E: CD19 antigen in leukemia and lymphoma diagnosis and immunotherapy. Leuk Lymphoma. 1995 Aug;18(5-6):385-97.
PMID: 29226797
Neelapu SS, Locke FL, Bartlett NL, Lekakis LJ, Miklos DB, Jacobson CA, Braunschweig I, Oluwole OO, Siddiqi T, Lin Y, Timmerman JM, Stiff PJ, Friedberg JW, Flinn IW, Goy A, Hill BT, Smith MR, Deol A, Farooq U, McSweeney P, Munoz J, Avivi I, Castro JE, Westin JR, Chavez JC, Ghobadi A, Komanduri KV, Levy R, Jacobsen ED, Witzig TE, Reagan P, Bot A, Rossi J, Navale L, Jiang Y, Aycock J, Elias M, Chang D, Wiezorek J, Go WY: Axicabtagene Ciloleucel CAR T-Cell Therapy in Refractory Large B-Cell Lymphoma. N Engl J Med. 2017 Dec 28;377(26):2531-2544. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa1707447. Epub 2017 Dec 10.
PMID: 29058502
Roberts ZJ, Better M, Bot A, Roberts MR, Ribas A: Axicabtagene ciloleucel, a first-in-class CAR T cell therapy for aggressive NHL. Leuk Lymphoma. 2018 Aug;59(8):1785-1796. doi: 10.1080/10428194.2017.1387905. Epub 2017 Oct 23.

Link

Contoh Produk & Brand

Produk: 3 • International brands: 0

Produk

Yescarta

Suspension • 2000000 1/68mL • Intravenous • US • Approved
Yescarta

Suspension • 200000000 cells / bag • Intravenous • Canada • Approved
Yescarta

Suspension • 120000000 Cells • Intravenous • EU • Approved

Sekuens Gen/Protein (FASTA)

Sekuens dimuat saat dibutuhkan agar halaman tetap ringan.