Peringatan Keamanan

The chronic use of betula pendula tar oil has been associated with carcinogenic effects. On the same note, the oral consumption of this oil is highly contraindicated because of the presence of DB11143. The registered LD50 in rabbits is >2 g/kg and it is thought to be mainly due to the presence of DB11359. The oral administration of this oil can produce effects that range from irritation in eyes, nose and throat to lung, kidney, blood, and respiratory damage as well as corrosion of the tissues. To avoid the presence of this effects, the dermal administration of this oil should be always performed in the rectified form which presents a reduced concentration of DB11143.T219

Betula pendula tar oil

DB11361

small molecule nutraceutical

Deskripsi

Betula pendula tar oil is an essential oil found in the buds of the plant with the same name. The origin plant, also known as the European white or silver birch, grows mainly in the northern hemisphere. This oil is usually obtained by using both hydrodistillation and micro-distillation^A33154 and it is conformed mainly by DB11143 and DB11359.T219 The utilization of this product started during the second world war in the Sovietic Union.^L2870 Betula pendula tar oil has been approved for its utilization in over-the-counter product combinations by Health Canada.^L1113 By the FDA, it is considered under the substances approved to be added to the food.^L2862 Under the EMA, betula pendula tar oil is approved under the category of herbal medicines for human use.^L2865

Struktur Molekul 2D

Struktur tidak tersedia

Peta Jejaring Molekuler

Obat Target Gen Interaksi Enzim Transporter Carrier

Legenda: Obat • Target • Gen • Enzim • (Panah → menunjukkan arah efek / relasi) • Transporter • Carrier

1. Pendahuluan & Konsep

Fitur visualisasi ini dikembangkan menggunakan pendekatan Graph Theory untuk memetakan hubungan polifarmasi dan molekuler. Entitas (Obat, Target, Gen) direpresentasikan sebagai Simpul (Nodes), sedangkan hubungan biologisnya sebagai Sisi (Edges).

2. Sumber Data (Validasi)

Data Obat: Diekstraksi dari elemen drugbank-id dan name pada skema XML DrugBank.
Target Protein: Diambil dari elemen targets/target yang memuat polipeptida sasaran.
Genetik: Disinkronisasi dari sub-elemen gene-name dan varian snp-effects.
Genetik: Jumlah titik node dibatasi pada maksimal 10 (Slice=10) interaksi untuk menghindari tumpukan data.

3. Algoritma Visualisasi

Tata letak grafik menggunakan algoritma Force-Directed Graph (Barnes-Hut). Model fisika ini menerapkan gaya tolak-menolak antar simpul (Gravitasi: -3000) agar tidak tumpang tindih, serta gaya pegas (Spring: 0.04) pada garis penghubung untuk fleksibilitas interaksi.

4. Legenda Visual

Obat Utama (Pusat Analisis)

Target Protein (Mekanisme)

Gen (Faktor Genetik)

Metode ini mendukung analisis Precision Medicine dan evaluasi risiko Drug-Drug Interaction (DDI).

Profil Farmakokinetik

Waktu Paruh (Half-Life) This pharmacokinetic property has not been studied.

Volume Distribusi This pharmacokinetic property has not been studied.

Klirens (Clearance) This pharmacokinetic property has not been studied.

Absorpsi

There is no evidence pointing that the components of this oil are incorporated into the bloodstream when applied dermally.^L2870

Metabolisme

This pharmacokinetic property has not been studied.

Rute Eliminasi

This pharmacokinetic property has not been studied.

Interaksi Obat

0 Data

Tidak ada data.

Referensi & Sumber

Artikel (PubMed)

PMID: 15841263
Demirci B, Paper DH, Demirci F, Can Baser KH, Franz G: Essential Oil of Betula pendula Roth. Buds. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2004 Dec;1(3):301-303. doi: 10.1093/ecam/neh041. Epub 2004 Oct 6.

Textbook

ISBN: 978-0-443-06241-4
Tisserand R. and Young R. (2014). Essential Oil Safety (2nd ed.). Elsevier.
ISBN: 978-966-382-553-3
Bobyrov V., Devyatkina T., Vazhnicha O. and Khristyuk V. (2015). Pharmacology: Textbook for medical higher education institutions (3rd ed.). Nova Knyha.

Link

Contoh Produk & Brand

Produk: 1 • International brands: 0

Produk

Balsamic Liniment

Liniment • - • Topical • US • OTC

Sekuens Gen/Protein (FASTA)

Sekuens dimuat saat dibutuhkan agar halaman tetap ringan.