With regards to bovine thrombin, no cases of overdose have been reported so far T155. Bovine thrombin however, is capable of causing fatal severe bleeding or thrombosis FDA Label. This thrombosis may result from the development of antibodies against bovine thrombin FDA Label. Bleeding may result from the development of antibodies against bovine factor V FDA Label. These antibodies may subsequently cross-react with endogenous human factor V and lead to its deficiency FDA Label. Patients who are know or suspected to have antibodies to bovine thrombin and/or bovine factor V should not be re-exposed to the product FDA Label. Patients who are administered bovine thrombin should be monitored for abnormal coagulation laboratory values, bleeding, or indeed, thrombosis FDA Label.
LD50 values are available for rat and mouse models where rat subcutaneous LD50 > 40mg/kg, rat IP LD50 > 40mg/kg, and mouse subcutaneous LD50 > 50 mg/kg (in which the greater than symbol indicates that the toxicity endpoint being tested was not achievable at the highest dose used in the test) MSDS.
Regardless, the most common adverse reactions following administration of bovine thrombin include hypersensitivity, bleeding, anemia, post-operative wound infection, thromboembolic events, hypotension, pyrexia, tachycardia, and/or thrombocytopenia FDA Label.
Also known as coagulation factor II, thrombin is a serine protease that plays a physiological role in regulating hemostasis and maintaining blood coagulation. Once converted from prothrombin, thrombin converts fibrinogen to fibrin, which, in combination with platelets from the blood, forms a clot.
Medical thrombin is a protein substance produced through a conversion reaction in which prothrombin of bovine origin is activated by tissue thromboplastin in the presence of calcium chloride. Thrombin requires no intermediate physiological agent for its action. It clots the fibrinogen of the blood directly. Failure to clot blood occurs in the rare case where the primary clotting defect is the absence of fibrinogen itself.
Bovine thrombin however, is capable of causing fatal severe bleeding or thrombosis FDA Label. This thrombosis may result from the development of antibodies against bovine thrombin FDA Label. Bleeding may result from the development of antibodies against bovine factor V FDA Label. These antibodies may subsequently cross-react with endogenous human factor V and lead to its deficiency FDA Label. Patients who are know or suspected to have antibodies to bovine thrombin and/or bovine factor V should not be re-exposed to the product FDA Label. Patients who are administered bovine thrombin should be monitored for abnormal coagulation laboratory values, bleeding, or indeed, thrombosis FDA Label.
A variety of human thrombin and recombinant thrombin (ie. thrombin alfa) products are available as alternatives to using bovine thrombin.
Fitur visualisasi ini dikembangkan menggunakan pendekatan Graph Theory untuk memetakan hubungan polifarmasi dan molekuler. Entitas (Obat, Target, Gen) direpresentasikan sebagai Simpul (Nodes), sedangkan hubungan biologisnya sebagai Sisi (Edges).
drugbank-id dan name pada skema XML DrugBank.targets/target yang memuat polipeptida sasaran.gene-name dan varian snp-effects.Tata letak grafik menggunakan algoritma Force-Directed Graph (Barnes-Hut). Model fisika ini menerapkan gaya tolak-menolak antar simpul (Gravitasi: -3000) agar tidak tumpang tindih, serta gaya pegas (Spring: 0.04) pada garis penghubung untuk fleksibilitas interaksi.