Peringatan Keamanan

Rose Bengal induces cytotoxic effects in different cell lines ^A32402.

Rose bengal

DB11182

small molecule approved investigational

Deskripsi

Rose bengal is a pink stain derived as an analogue of fluorescein. Its disodium salt in ophthalmic solutions has been used as a diagnostic agent in suspected damage to conjunctival and corneal cells. It is also used in laboratory settings, including the preparation of Foraminifera for microscopic analysis and suppression of bacterial growth in several microbiological media. A direct cytotoxic effect of Rose bengal on microorganisms and cancer cells has been observed, questioning its potential antitumor actions via intralesional injections. The clinical applications of rose bengal as injectable formulation under the name PV-10 in melanoma, breast cancer and skin conditions such as eczema and psoriasis are being investigated in clinical trials.^A32399

Struktur Molekul 2D

Berat 973.673

Wujud solid

Peta Jejaring Molekuler

Obat Target Gen Interaksi Enzim Transporter Carrier

Legenda: Obat • Target • Gen • Enzim • (Panah → menunjukkan arah efek / relasi) • Transporter • Carrier

1. Pendahuluan & Konsep

Fitur visualisasi ini dikembangkan menggunakan pendekatan Graph Theory untuk memetakan hubungan polifarmasi dan molekuler. Entitas (Obat, Target, Gen) direpresentasikan sebagai Simpul (Nodes), sedangkan hubungan biologisnya sebagai Sisi (Edges).

2. Sumber Data (Validasi)

Data Obat: Diekstraksi dari elemen drugbank-id dan name pada skema XML DrugBank.
Target Protein: Diambil dari elemen targets/target yang memuat polipeptida sasaran.
Genetik: Disinkronisasi dari sub-elemen gene-name dan varian snp-effects.
Genetik: Jumlah titik node dibatasi pada maksimal 10 (Slice=10) interaksi untuk menghindari tumpukan data.

3. Algoritma Visualisasi

Tata letak grafik menggunakan algoritma Force-Directed Graph (Barnes-Hut). Model fisika ini menerapkan gaya tolak-menolak antar simpul (Gravitasi: -3000) agar tidak tumpang tindih, serta gaya pegas (Spring: 0.04) pada garis penghubung untuk fleksibilitas interaksi.

4. Legenda Visual

Obat Utama (Pusat Analisis)

Target Protein (Mekanisme)

Gen (Faktor Genetik)

Metode ini mendukung analisis Precision Medicine dan evaluasi risiko Drug-Drug Interaction (DDI).

Profil Farmakokinetik

Waktu Paruh (Half-Life) Doses between 0.01 and 10 mg/kg in rat resulted in an initial biological half-life of 2 min and a terminal half-life of 100 min. The biological half-life for excretion is around 30 minutes in rats and rabbits [A32403].

Volume Distribusi No information available.

Klirens (Clearance) No information available.

Absorpsi

No information available.

Metabolisme

No information available.

Rute Eliminasi

Rose bengal undergoes biliary excretion ^A32403.

Interaksi Obat

0 Data

Tidak ada data.

Referensi & Sumber

Artikel (PubMed)

PMID: 27177220
Liu H, Innamarato PP, Kodumudi K, Weber A, Nemoto S, Robinson JL, Crago G, McCardle T, Royster E, Sarnaik AA, Pilon-Thomas S: Intralesional rose bengal in melanoma elicits tumor immunity via activation of dendritic cells by the release of high mobility group box 1. Oncotarget. 2016 Jun 21;7(25):37893-37905. doi: 10.18632/oncotarget.9247.
PMID: 9591941
Tabery HM: Toxic effect of rose bengal dye on the living human corneal epithelium. Acta Ophthalmol Scand. 1998 Apr;76(2):142-5.
PMID: 1637285
Feenstra RP, Tseng SC: What is actually stained by rose bengal? Arch Ophthalmol. 1992 Jul;110(7):984-93.
PMID: 8776564
Lee YC, Park CK, Kim MS, Kim JH: In vitro study for staining and toxicity of rose bengal on cultured bovine corneal endothelial cells. Cornea. 1996 Jul;15(4):376-85.
PMID: 982474
Klaassen CD: Pharmacokinetics of rose bengal in the rat, rabbit, dog and guinea pig. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 1976 Oct;38(1):85-100.
PMID: 7545566
Tseng SC, Zhang SH: Interaction between rose bengal and different protein components. Cornea. 1995 Jul;14(4):427-35.

Contoh Produk & Brand

Produk: 3 • International brands: 0

Produk

GloStrips

Strip • 1.3 mg/1 • Ophthalmic • US
Odan-rose

Solution • 10 mg / mL • Ophthalmic • Canada • Generic • Approved
RoseGlo

Strip • 1.5 mg/1.5mg • Ophthalmic • US

Sekuens Gen/Protein (FASTA)

Sekuens dimuat saat dibutuhkan agar halaman tetap ringan.