Acute oral toxicity (LD50): 1901 mg/kg in rabbits MSDS and 3750 mg/kg in rats L1736.
The primary acute toxic effect of nitrates is the development of methemoglobinemia, a condition in which greater than 10% of the hemoglobin in the body is transformed into methemoglobin. When this conversion exceeds 70% the condition may result in death L1750.
The potassium ion by itself possesses very little toxicity; the toxicity of the salts is associated with the anion. Potassium nitrate is rapidly absorbed from the upper gastrointestinal tract and is excreted mostly as the unchanged drug L1736. This excludes a small percentage of the ingested dose that is reduced by the microbial action of the gut to nitrite. Nitrites convert the hemoglobin in red blood cells into methemoglobin L1736. In male rats given potassium nitrate, intestinal absorption was affected A32165.
Adverse increased potassium intake included changes in blood lipids, triglyceride, decreased high-density lipoprotein HDL cholesterol), changes in renal function, and increases in catecholamine levels. The decrease in blood volume caused by increased potassium activates the sympathetic nervous system, resulting in the release of adrenaline and noradrenaline. Decreases in blood volume may also contribute to the observed changes in blood lipid concentrations L1755.
Death and severe effects of nitrate ingestion are generally associated with doses of the drugs above 10g NO3-. Doses ranging from 2-9 g NO3- have been reported to cause methemoglobinemia. These values correspond to 33 - 150 mg NO3-/kg L1750
Potassium nitrate was shown to cause low to moderate acute toxicity. Repeated dose toxicity was investigated in rats given oral doses in the range 10-100 mg/kg per day for 4 months; bronchopneumonia, local hemorrhages, and other circulatory disorders were observed in treated animals. Cattle were given oral doses of 345-450 mg/kg daily (expressed as nitrate) for several months; blood phosphate and magnesium were decreased and blood calcium, urinary magnesium, urea and milk urea were increased L1736.
Potassium nitrate is an inorganic salt with a chemical formula of KNO3. It is a natural source of nitrate and has been used as a constituent for several different purposes, including food preservatives, fertilizers, tree stump removal, rocket propellants, and fireworks. Potassium nitrate is a common active ingredient in toothpaste, exerting an anti-sensitivity action. It provides increasing protection against painful sensitivity of the teeth to cold, heat, acids, sweets or contact L1754, L1755.
In addition, potassium nitrate is used as a diuretic in pigs, cattle, and horses. It is administered orally doses up to 30 g per animal per day L1736.
Fitur visualisasi ini dikembangkan menggunakan pendekatan Graph Theory untuk memetakan hubungan polifarmasi dan molekuler. Entitas (Obat, Target, Gen) direpresentasikan sebagai Simpul (Nodes), sedangkan hubungan biologisnya sebagai Sisi (Edges).
drugbank-id dan name pada skema XML DrugBank.targets/target yang memuat polipeptida sasaran.gene-name dan varian snp-effects.Tata letak grafik menggunakan algoritma Force-Directed Graph (Barnes-Hut). Model fisika ini menerapkan gaya tolak-menolak antar simpul (Gravitasi: -3000) agar tidak tumpang tindih, serta gaya pegas (Spring: 0.04) pada garis penghubung untuk fleksibilitas interaksi.
| Ramipril | The risk or severity of hyperkalemia can be increased when Potassium nitrate is combined with Ramipril. |
| Fosinopril | The risk or severity of hyperkalemia can be increased when Potassium nitrate is combined with Fosinopril. |
| Trandolapril | The risk or severity of hyperkalemia can be increased when Potassium nitrate is combined with Trandolapril. |
| Benazepril | The risk or severity of hyperkalemia can be increased when Potassium nitrate is combined with Benazepril. |
| Enalapril | The risk or severity of hyperkalemia can be increased when Potassium nitrate is combined with Enalapril. |
| Moexipril | The risk or severity of hyperkalemia can be increased when Potassium nitrate is combined with Moexipril. |
| Lisinopril | The risk or severity of hyperkalemia can be increased when Potassium nitrate is combined with Lisinopril. |
| Perindopril | The risk or severity of hyperkalemia can be increased when Potassium nitrate is combined with Perindopril. |
| Quinapril | The risk or severity of hyperkalemia can be increased when Potassium nitrate is combined with Quinapril. |
| Omapatrilat | The risk or severity of hyperkalemia can be increased when Potassium nitrate is combined with Omapatrilat. |
| Rescinnamine | The risk or severity of hyperkalemia can be increased when Potassium nitrate is combined with Rescinnamine. |
| Captopril | The risk or severity of hyperkalemia can be increased when Potassium nitrate is combined with Captopril. |
| Cilazapril | The risk or severity of hyperkalemia can be increased when Potassium nitrate is combined with Cilazapril. |
| Spirapril | The risk or severity of hyperkalemia can be increased when Potassium nitrate is combined with Spirapril. |
| Temocapril | The risk or severity of hyperkalemia can be increased when Potassium nitrate is combined with Temocapril. |
| Enalaprilat | The risk or severity of hyperkalemia can be increased when Potassium nitrate is combined with Enalaprilat. |
| Imidapril | The risk or severity of hyperkalemia can be increased when Potassium nitrate is combined with Imidapril. |
| Zofenopril | The risk or severity of hyperkalemia can be increased when Potassium nitrate is combined with Zofenopril. |
| Delapril | The risk or severity of hyperkalemia can be increased when Potassium nitrate is combined with Delapril. |
| Benazeprilat | The risk or severity of hyperkalemia can be increased when Potassium nitrate is combined with Benazeprilat. |
| Fosinoprilat | The risk or severity of hyperkalemia can be increased when Potassium nitrate is combined with Fosinoprilat. |
| Ramiprilat | The risk or severity of hyperkalemia can be increased when Potassium nitrate is combined with Ramiprilat. |
| Trandolaprilat | The risk or severity of hyperkalemia can be increased when Potassium nitrate is combined with Trandolaprilat. |
| Moexiprilat | The risk or severity of hyperkalemia can be increased when Potassium nitrate is combined with Moexiprilat. |
| Perindoprilat | The risk or severity of hyperkalemia can be increased when Potassium nitrate is combined with Perindoprilat. |
| Quinaprilat | The risk or severity of hyperkalemia can be increased when Potassium nitrate is combined with Quinaprilat. |
| Cilazaprilat | The risk or severity of hyperkalemia can be increased when Potassium nitrate is combined with Cilazaprilat. |
| Triamterene | The risk or severity of hyperkalemia can be increased when Potassium nitrate is combined with Triamterene. |
| Spironolactone | The risk or severity of hyperkalemia can be increased when Potassium nitrate is combined with Spironolactone. |
| Amiloride | The risk or severity of hyperkalemia can be increased when Potassium nitrate is combined with Amiloride. |
| Eplerenone | The risk or severity of hyperkalemia can be increased when Potassium nitrate is combined with Eplerenone. |
| Canrenoic acid | The risk or severity of hyperkalemia can be increased when Potassium nitrate is combined with Canrenoic acid. |
| Canrenone | The risk or severity of hyperkalemia can be increased when Potassium nitrate is combined with Canrenone. |
| Cefotiam | Cefotiam may decrease the excretion rate of Potassium nitrate which could result in a higher serum level. |
| Cefmenoxime | Cefmenoxime may decrease the excretion rate of Potassium nitrate which could result in a higher serum level. |
| Cefmetazole | Cefmetazole may decrease the excretion rate of Potassium nitrate which could result in a higher serum level. |
| Pamidronic acid | Pamidronic acid may decrease the excretion rate of Potassium nitrate which could result in a higher serum level. |
| Tenofovir disoproxil | Tenofovir disoproxil may decrease the excretion rate of Potassium nitrate which could result in a higher serum level. |
| Cidofovir | Cidofovir may decrease the excretion rate of Potassium nitrate which could result in a higher serum level. |
| Cefpiramide | Cefpiramide may decrease the excretion rate of Potassium nitrate which could result in a higher serum level. |
| Ceftazidime | Ceftazidime may decrease the excretion rate of Potassium nitrate which could result in a higher serum level. |
| Loracarbef | Loracarbef may decrease the excretion rate of Potassium nitrate which could result in a higher serum level. |
| Cefalotin | Cefalotin may decrease the excretion rate of Potassium nitrate which could result in a higher serum level. |
| Cefotaxime | Cefotaxime may decrease the excretion rate of Potassium nitrate which could result in a higher serum level. |
| Foscarnet | Foscarnet may decrease the excretion rate of Potassium nitrate which could result in a higher serum level. |
| Methotrexate | Methotrexate may decrease the excretion rate of Potassium nitrate which could result in a higher serum level. |
| Cephalexin | Cephalexin may decrease the excretion rate of Potassium nitrate which could result in a higher serum level. |
| Valaciclovir | Valaciclovir may decrease the excretion rate of Potassium nitrate which could result in a higher serum level. |
| Bacitracin | Bacitracin may decrease the excretion rate of Potassium nitrate which could result in a higher serum level. |
| Amphotericin B | Amphotericin B may decrease the excretion rate of Potassium nitrate which could result in a higher serum level. |
| Cephaloglycin | Cephaloglycin may decrease the excretion rate of Potassium nitrate which could result in a higher serum level. |
| Adefovir dipivoxil | Adefovir dipivoxil may decrease the excretion rate of Potassium nitrate which could result in a higher serum level. |
| Acyclovir | Acyclovir may decrease the excretion rate of Potassium nitrate which could result in a higher serum level. |
| Cefaclor | Cefaclor may decrease the excretion rate of Potassium nitrate which could result in a higher serum level. |
| Ceforanide | Ceforanide may decrease the excretion rate of Potassium nitrate which could result in a higher serum level. |
| Carboplatin | Carboplatin may decrease the excretion rate of Potassium nitrate which could result in a higher serum level. |
| Cefditoren | Cefditoren may decrease the excretion rate of Potassium nitrate which could result in a higher serum level. |
| Atazanavir | Atazanavir may decrease the excretion rate of Potassium nitrate which could result in a higher serum level. |
| Colistimethate | Colistimethate may decrease the excretion rate of Potassium nitrate which could result in a higher serum level. |
| Cefuroxime | Cefuroxime may decrease the excretion rate of Potassium nitrate which could result in a higher serum level. |
| Cefapirin | Cefapirin may decrease the excretion rate of Potassium nitrate which could result in a higher serum level. |
| Cefadroxil | Cefadroxil may decrease the excretion rate of Potassium nitrate which could result in a higher serum level. |
| Cefprozil | Cefprozil may decrease the excretion rate of Potassium nitrate which could result in a higher serum level. |
| Ceftriaxone | Ceftriaxone may decrease the excretion rate of Potassium nitrate which could result in a higher serum level. |
| Cefamandole | Cefamandole may decrease the excretion rate of Potassium nitrate which could result in a higher serum level. |
| Cefazolin | Cefazolin may decrease the excretion rate of Potassium nitrate which could result in a higher serum level. |
| Cefonicid | Cefonicid may decrease the excretion rate of Potassium nitrate which could result in a higher serum level. |
| Cefoperazone | Cefoperazone may decrease the excretion rate of Potassium nitrate which could result in a higher serum level. |
| Cefotetan | Cefotetan may decrease the excretion rate of Potassium nitrate which could result in a higher serum level. |
| Cefoxitin | Cefoxitin may decrease the excretion rate of Potassium nitrate which could result in a higher serum level. |
| Ceftizoxime | Ceftizoxime may decrease the excretion rate of Potassium nitrate which could result in a higher serum level. |
| Cefradine | Cefradine may decrease the excretion rate of Potassium nitrate which could result in a higher serum level. |
| Cefepime | Cefepime may decrease the excretion rate of Potassium nitrate which could result in a higher serum level. |
| Cefacetrile | Cefacetrile may decrease the excretion rate of Potassium nitrate which could result in a higher serum level. |
| Ceftibuten | Ceftibuten may decrease the excretion rate of Potassium nitrate which could result in a higher serum level. |
| Cefpodoxime | Cefpodoxime may decrease the excretion rate of Potassium nitrate which could result in a higher serum level. |
| Lopinavir | Lopinavir may decrease the excretion rate of Potassium nitrate which could result in a higher serum level. |
| Hydrolyzed Cephalothin | Hydrolyzed Cephalothin may decrease the excretion rate of Potassium nitrate which could result in a higher serum level. |
| Cephalothin Group | Cephalothin Group may decrease the excretion rate of Potassium nitrate which could result in a higher serum level. |
| Latamoxef | Latamoxef may decrease the excretion rate of Potassium nitrate which could result in a higher serum level. |
| Ceftobiprole | Ceftobiprole may decrease the excretion rate of Potassium nitrate which could result in a higher serum level. |
| Ceftaroline fosamil | Ceftaroline fosamil may decrease the excretion rate of Potassium nitrate which could result in a higher serum level. |
| Cefaloridine | Cefaloridine may decrease the excretion rate of Potassium nitrate which could result in a higher serum level. |
| Cefminox | Cefminox may decrease the excretion rate of Potassium nitrate which could result in a higher serum level. |
| Tenofovir alafenamide | The serum concentration of Tenofovir alafenamide can be increased when it is combined with Potassium nitrate. |
| Cefroxadine | Cefroxadine may decrease the excretion rate of Potassium nitrate which could result in a higher serum level. |
| Flomoxef | Flomoxef may decrease the excretion rate of Potassium nitrate which could result in a higher serum level. |
| Cefatrizine | Cefatrizine may decrease the excretion rate of Potassium nitrate which could result in a higher serum level. |
| Cefcapene | Cefcapene may decrease the excretion rate of Potassium nitrate which could result in a higher serum level. |
| Cefodizime | Cefodizime may decrease the excretion rate of Potassium nitrate which could result in a higher serum level. |
| Cefsulodin | Cefsulodin may decrease the excretion rate of Potassium nitrate which could result in a higher serum level. |
| Cefetamet | Cefetamet may decrease the excretion rate of Potassium nitrate which could result in a higher serum level. |
| Cefbuperazone | Cefbuperazone may decrease the excretion rate of Potassium nitrate which could result in a higher serum level. |
| Cefozopran | Cefozopran may decrease the excretion rate of Potassium nitrate which could result in a higher serum level. |
| Cefpirome | Cefpirome may decrease the excretion rate of Potassium nitrate which could result in a higher serum level. |
| Cefazedone | Cefazedone may decrease the excretion rate of Potassium nitrate which could result in a higher serum level. |
| Ceftezole | Ceftezole may decrease the excretion rate of Potassium nitrate which could result in a higher serum level. |
| Adefovir | Adefovir may decrease the excretion rate of Potassium nitrate which could result in a higher serum level. |
| Tenofovir | Tenofovir may decrease the excretion rate of Potassium nitrate which could result in a higher serum level. |
| Inotersen | Inotersen may decrease the excretion rate of Potassium nitrate which could result in a higher serum level. |