Acute oral LD50 in mouse is 3200 mg/kg and acute dermal LD50 is >2600 mg/kg in rabbit MSDS. It is considered to be slightly toxic in humans in case of oral ingestion at doses of 5 g/kg and greater A32209. In a rat study, the effects of toxicity were mainly in the central nervous system (CNS) leading to CNS depression and difficulty in respiration after 7-14 days post-administration via stomach tube A32209. In a subchronic dermal toxicity study of rabbits, topical application of 11.5 % cetyl alcohol was associated with histological findings of keratosis, hyperkeratosis, and papillary projections of the epidermis, all of which are features of exfoliative dermatitis A32209. However it is concluded that there is no evidence of major skin irritation and systemic toxicity of cetyl alcohol. Inhalation of 26 ppm cetyl alcohol vapors in animals caused slight irritation of the mucous membranes of the eyes, nose, throat, and respiratory passages A32209. Cetyl Alcohol was not mutagenic in Salmonella typhimurium LT2 mutant strains in the spot test A32209.
Cetyl alcohol, also known as 1-hexadecanol or n-hexadecyl alcohol, is a 16-C fatty alcohol with the chemical formula CH3(CH2)15OH. It can be produced from the reduction of palmitic acid. Cetyl alcohol is present in a waxy white powder or flake form at room temperature, and is insoluble in water and soluble in alcohols and oils A32209. Discovered by Chevrenl in 1913, cetyl alcohol is one of the oldest known long-chain alcohol A32209. It may be contained in cosmetic and personal care products such as shampoos, creams and lotions. Mainly it is used as an opacifier, emulsifier, and thickening agent that alter the thickness of the liquid, and increase and stabilize the foaming capacity. Due to its water-binding property, cetyl alcohol is commonly used as an emollient that prevents drying and chapping of the skin A32209. According to the FDA Code of Federal Regulations, cetyl alcohol is a safe synthetic fatty acid in food and in the synthesis of food components under the condition that it contain not less than 98 percent of total alcohols and not less than 94 percent of straight chain alcohols L1824. Cetyl alcohol is also listed in the OTC ingredient list as a skin protectant for skin irritations caused by poison ivy, oak, sumac, and insect bites or stings L1074. Cetyl alcohol is reported to be a mild skin or eye irritant.
Fitur visualisasi ini dikembangkan menggunakan pendekatan Graph Theory untuk memetakan hubungan polifarmasi dan molekuler. Entitas (Obat, Target, Gen) direpresentasikan sebagai Simpul (Nodes), sedangkan hubungan biologisnya sebagai Sisi (Edges).
drugbank-id dan name pada skema XML DrugBank.targets/target yang memuat polipeptida sasaran.gene-name dan varian snp-effects.Tata letak grafik menggunakan algoritma Force-Directed Graph (Barnes-Hut). Model fisika ini menerapkan gaya tolak-menolak antar simpul (Gravitasi: -3000) agar tidak tumpang tindih, serta gaya pegas (Spring: 0.04) pada garis penghubung untuk fleksibilitas interaksi.
| Tenofovir alafenamide | The serum concentration of Tenofovir alafenamide can be increased when it is combined with Cetyl alcohol. |