Peringatan Keamanan

The acute oral LD50 for rats is 4,570 to 12,800 mg/kg and 2,700 to 5,300 mg/kg for rabbits. It is low to very low in toxicity when ingested by mammals.

Piperonyl butoxide

DB09350

small molecule approved vet_approved

Deskripsi

Piperonyl butoxide (PBO) is an organic compound used as a component of pesticide formulations. It is used for the treatment of head, pubic (crab), and body lice. Piperonyl butoxide is a synergist. It has no pesticidal activity of its own, but acts to increase the activity of pesticides such as carbamates, pyrethrins, pyrethroids, and rotenone. Piperonyl butoxide is a semisynthetic derivative of safrole.

Struktur Molekul 2D

Berat 338.4385
Wujud solid

Peta Jejaring Molekuler
Legenda: Obat • Target • Gen • Enzim • (Panah → menunjukkan arah efek / relasi) • Transporter • Carrier

Profil Farmakokinetik

Waktu Paruh (Half-Life) 32 hours.
Volume Distribusi Piperonyl butoxide is minimally absorbed in humans. Volume of distribution has not been studied.
Klirens (Clearance) Clearance of piperonyl butoxide has not been studied.

Absorpsi

Piperonyl butoxide is applied topically. In a study evaluating the 7-day urinary accumulation of piperonyl butoxide after topical application, it was found that approximately 2% of the dose was absorbed through the skin. The percutaneous absorption when applied to the scalp was found to be 8.3%.

Metabolisme

Piperonyl butoxide is minimally absorbed in humans. Metabolism has not been studied.

Rute Eliminasi

In an absorption study in human volunteers, it was found that, if absorbed, piperonyl butoxide was eliminated in urine.

Interaksi Obat

1 Data
Tenofovir alafenamide The serum concentration of Tenofovir alafenamide can be increased when it is combined with Piperonyl butoxide.

Referensi & Sumber

Artikel (PubMed)
  • PMID: 8132164
    Wester RC, Bucks DA, Maibach HI: Human in vivo percutaneous absorption of pyrethrin and piperonyl butoxide. Food Chem Toxicol. 1994 Jan;32(1):51-3.
  • PMID: 24738222
    Lopatina IuV, Eremina OIu, Iakovlev EA: Pyrethroid resistance mechanisms in the body lice Pediculus humanus humanus L.: detoxification enzyme systems. Med Parazitol (Mosk). 2014 Jan-Mar;(1):19-24.
  • PMID: 22429458
    Durand R, Bouvresse S, Berdjane Z, Izri A, Chosidow O, Clark JM: Insecticide resistance in head lice: clinical, parasitological and genetic aspects. Clin Microbiol Infect. 2012 Apr;18(4):338-44. doi: 10.1111/j.1469-0691.2012.03806.x.
  • PMID: 20727129
    Barker SC, Altman PM: A randomised, assessor blind, parallel group comparative efficacy trial of three products for the treatment of head lice in children--melaleuca oil and lavender oil, pyrethrins and piperonyl butoxide, and a "suffocation" product. BMC Dermatol. 2010 Aug 20;10:6. doi: 10.1186/1471-5945-10-6.
  • PMID: 12353201
    Wendel K, Rompalo A: Scabies and pediculosis pubis: an update of treatment regimens and general review. Clin Infect Dis. 2002 Oct 15;35(Suppl 2):S146-51.
  • PMID: 11843643
    Meinking TL, Serrano L, Hard B, Entzel P, Lemard G, Rivera E, Villar ME: Comparative in vitro pediculicidal efficacy of treatments in a resistant head lice population in the United States. Arch Dermatol. 2002 Feb;138(2):220-4.
  • PMID: 26530989
    Queiroz MC, Sato ME: Pyrethroid resistance in Phytoseiulus macropilis (Acari: Phytoseiidae): cross-resistance, stability and effect of synergists. Exp Appl Acarol. 2016 Jan;68(1):71-82. doi: 10.1007/s10493-015-9984-2. Epub 2015 Nov 3.
Link

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