Peringatan Keamanan

Oral LD50 value in rats is 25800mg/kg. The administration of glucose infusions can cause fluid and/or solute overloading resulting in dilution of the serum electrolyte concentrations, over-hydration, congested states, or pulmonary oedema. Hypersensitivity reactions may also occur including anaphylactic/anaphylactoid reactions from oral tablets and intravenous infusions.

Dextrose, unspecified form

DB09341

small molecule approved vet_approved

Deskripsi

Glucose is a simple sugar (monosaccharide) generated during phosynthesis involving water, carbon and sunlight in plants. It is produced in humans via hepatic gluconeogenesis and breakdown of polymeric glucose forms (glycogenolysis). It circulates in human circulation as blood glucose and acts as an essential energy source for many organisms through aerobic or anaerobic respiration and fermentation. It is primarily stored as starch in plants and glycogen in animals to be used in various metabolic processes in the cellular level. Its aldohexose stereoisomer, dextrose or D-glucose, is the most commonly occurring isomer of glucose in nature. L-glucose is a synthesized enantiomer that is used as a low-calorie sweetener and laxative. The unspecified form of glucose is commonly supplied as an injection for nutritional supplementation or metabolic disorders where glucose levels are improperly regulated. Glucose is listed on the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines.

Struktur Molekul 2D

Struktur tidak tersedia

Peta Jejaring Molekuler
Legenda: Obat • Target • Gen • Enzim • (Panah → menunjukkan arah efek / relasi) • Transporter • Carrier

Profil Farmakokinetik

Waktu Paruh (Half-Life) The approximate half-life is 14.3 minutes following intravenous infusion. Gut glucose half-life was markedly higher in females (79 ± 2 min) than in males (65 ± 3 min, P < 0.0001) and negatively related to body height (r = -0.481; P < 0.0001).
Volume Distribusi The mean volume of distribution after intravenous infusion is 10.6L.
Klirens (Clearance) The mean metabolic clearance rate of glucose (MCR) for the 10 subjects studied at the higher insulin level was 2.27 ± 0.37 ml/kg/min at euglycemia and fell to 1.51±0.21 ml/kg/ at hyperglycemia. The mean MCR for the six subjects studied at the lower insulin level was 1.91 ± 0.31 ml/kg/min at euglyglycemia.

Absorpsi

Polysaccharides can be broken down into smaller units by pancreatic and intestinal glycosidases or intestinal flora. Sodium-dependent glucose transporter SGLT1 and GLUT2 (SLC2A2) play predominant roles in intestinal transport of glucose into the circulation. SGLT1 is located in the apical membrane of the intestinal wall while GLUT2 is located in the basolateral membrane, but it was proposed that GLUT2 can be recruited into the apical membrane after a high luminal glucose bolus allowing bulk absorption of glucose by facilitated diffusion A19400. Oral preparation of glucose reaches the peak concentration within 40 minutes and the intravenous infusions display 100% bioavailability.

Metabolisme

Glucose can undergo aerobic oxidation in conjunction to the synthesis of energy molecules. Glycolysis is the initial stage of glucose metabolism where one glucose molecule is degraded into 2 molecules of pyruvate via substrate-level phosphorylation. These products are transported to the mitochondria where they are further oxidized into oxygen and carbon dioxide.

Rute Eliminasi

Glucose can be renally excreted.

Interaksi Obat

22 Data
Testosterone The serum concentration of Dextrose, unspecified form can be decreased when it is combined with Testosterone.
Testosterone propionate The serum concentration of Dextrose, unspecified form can be decreased when it is combined with Testosterone propionate.
1-Testosterone The serum concentration of Dextrose, unspecified form can be decreased when it is combined with 1-Testosterone.
4-Hydroxytestosterone The serum concentration of Dextrose, unspecified form can be decreased when it is combined with 4-Hydroxytestosterone.
Dehydrochloromethyltestosterone The serum concentration of Dextrose, unspecified form can be decreased when it is combined with Dehydrochloromethyltestosterone.
Boldenone The serum concentration of Dextrose, unspecified form can be decreased when it is combined with Boldenone.
18-methyl-19-nortestosterone The serum concentration of Dextrose, unspecified form can be decreased when it is combined with 18-methyl-19-nortestosterone.
Calusterone The serum concentration of Dextrose, unspecified form can be decreased when it is combined with Calusterone.
Formebolone The serum concentration of Dextrose, unspecified form can be decreased when it is combined with Formebolone.
Methyl-1-testosterone The serum concentration of Dextrose, unspecified form can be decreased when it is combined with Methyl-1-testosterone.
5beta-dihydrotestosterone The serum concentration of Dextrose, unspecified form can be decreased when it is combined with 5beta-dihydrotestosterone.
Testosterone succinate The serum concentration of Dextrose, unspecified form can be decreased when it is combined with Testosterone succinate.
Mibolerone The serum concentration of Dextrose, unspecified form can be decreased when it is combined with Mibolerone.
Testosterone cypionate The serum concentration of Dextrose, unspecified form can be decreased when it is combined with Testosterone cypionate.
Testosterone enanthate The serum concentration of Dextrose, unspecified form can be decreased when it is combined with Testosterone enanthate.
Testosterone undecanoate The serum concentration of Dextrose, unspecified form can be decreased when it is combined with Testosterone undecanoate.
Testosterone enantate benzilic acid hydrazone The serum concentration of Dextrose, unspecified form can be decreased when it is combined with Testosterone enantate benzilic acid hydrazone.
Stanolone acetate The serum concentration of Dextrose, unspecified form can be decreased when it is combined with Stanolone acetate.
Trestolone acetate The serum concentration of Dextrose, unspecified form can be decreased when it is combined with Trestolone acetate.
(1,2,6,7-3H)Testosterone The serum concentration of Dextrose, unspecified form can be decreased when it is combined with (1,2,6,7-3H)Testosterone.
Drostanolone propionate The serum concentration of Dextrose, unspecified form can be decreased when it is combined with Drostanolone propionate.
Stanolone The serum concentration of Dextrose, unspecified form can be decreased when it is combined with Stanolone.

Referensi & Sumber

Artikel (PubMed)
Menampilkan 8 dari 9 artikel.
Textbook
  • ISBN: 978-0-7020-3471-8
    30. (2012). In Rang and Dale's Pharmacology (7th ed., pp. 372-377). Edinburgh: Elsevier/Churchill Livingstone.
  • ISBN: 0-7167-3136-3
    16. (2000). In Molecular Cell Biology (4th ed.). New York: W. H. Freeman.

Contoh Produk & Brand

Produk: 869 • International brands: 0
Produk
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    Solution • - • Intravenous • Canada • Approved
  • (20 Mmol/l) Potassium Chloride In 5% Dextrose and 0.9% Sodium Chloride Injection USP
    Solution • - • Intravenous • Canada • Approved
  • (20 Mmol/l) Potassium Chloride In 5% Dextrose Injection USP
    Solution • - • Intravenous • Canada • Approved
  • (20mmol/l) Potassium Chloride In 5% Dextrose and 0.2% Sodium Chloride Injection USP
    Solution • - • Intravenous • Canada • Approved
  • (20mmol/l) Potassium Chloride In 5% Dextrose and 0.45% Sodium Chloride Injection USP
    Solution • - • Intravenous • Canada • Approved
  • (40 Mmol/l) Potassium Chloride In 5% Dextrose Injection USP
    Solution • - • Intravenous • Canada • Approved
  • (40mmol/l) Potassium Chloride In 3.3% Dextrose and 0.3% Sodium Chloride Injection USP
    Solution • - • Intravenous • Canada • Approved
  • (40mmol/l)potassium Chloride In 5% Dextrose and 0.45% Sodium Chloride Injection USP
    Solution • - • Intravenous • Canada • Approved
Menampilkan 8 dari 869 produk.

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