Peringatan Keamanan

Iopodic acid is cathegorized as one of the top 10 linked to skin reactions.T85

Iopodic acid

DB09333

small molecule approved investigational withdrawn

Deskripsi

Iopodic acid, also known by the name of ipodate, is classified as a cholecystographic agent formed by a weak organic acid that contains a tri-iodinated benzene ring with iodine at positions 2, 4 and 6.^A32080 Due to its particular structure, it presents a high degree of lipid solubility and a radiopaque property. It was developed and filed to the FDA by the company BRACCO. This drug was approved on March 15, 1962 but it is nowadays discontinued from the FDA and Health Canada. On September 22, 1981, ipodate was submitted again by the company Schering AG but it is currently under an inactive status.^L1082

Struktur Molekul 2D

Berat 597.961

Wujud solid

Peta Jejaring Molekuler

Obat Target Gen Interaksi Enzim Transporter Carrier

Legenda: Obat • Target • Gen • Enzim • (Panah → menunjukkan arah efek / relasi) • Transporter • Carrier

1. Pendahuluan & Konsep

Fitur visualisasi ini dikembangkan menggunakan pendekatan Graph Theory untuk memetakan hubungan polifarmasi dan molekuler. Entitas (Obat, Target, Gen) direpresentasikan sebagai Simpul (Nodes), sedangkan hubungan biologisnya sebagai Sisi (Edges).

2. Sumber Data (Validasi)

Data Obat: Diekstraksi dari elemen drugbank-id dan name pada skema XML DrugBank.
Target Protein: Diambil dari elemen targets/target yang memuat polipeptida sasaran.
Genetik: Disinkronisasi dari sub-elemen gene-name dan varian snp-effects.
Genetik: Jumlah titik node dibatasi pada maksimal 10 (Slice=10) interaksi untuk menghindari tumpukan data.

3. Algoritma Visualisasi

Tata letak grafik menggunakan algoritma Force-Directed Graph (Barnes-Hut). Model fisika ini menerapkan gaya tolak-menolak antar simpul (Gravitasi: -3000) agar tidak tumpang tindih, serta gaya pegas (Spring: 0.04) pada garis penghubung untuk fleksibilitas interaksi.

4. Legenda Visual

Obat Utama (Pusat Analisis)

Target Protein (Mekanisme)

Gen (Faktor Genetik)

Metode ini mendukung analisis Precision Medicine dan evaluasi risiko Drug-Drug Interaction (DDI).

Profil Farmakokinetik

Waktu Paruh (Half-Life) -

Volume Distribusi -

Klirens (Clearance) -

Absorpsi

The lipophilicity of ipodate is sufficient for passage through the gastrointestinal mucosa.^A32080 After ingestion, iopodic acid is promptly absorbed by passive diffusion in the small intestinal mucosa. The presence of bile salts in the duodenum is essential for its diffusion through the intestine wall and a high-fat diet is important in order to increase the absorption effectivity. The maximum effect is showed to be attained 5 hours after the initial dosage and the effect were retained for more than 60 hours.^A32087

Metabolisme

The absence of a substituent at position 5 facilitates for preferential hepatocyte uptake. Once taken in the liver, the metabolism is mainly performed by glucuronide conjugation in the same pathway as bilirubin.^A32080

Rute Eliminasi

The metabolism products of ipodate are readily excreted into the bile, follow the bile flow to fill up the gallbladder and then excreted by the biliary system in the feces.^A32080 This mode of excretion accounts for 65% of the eliminated dose whereas the kidneys are responsible for the remaining 35% of the elimination.^A32087

Interaksi Obat

0 Data

Tidak ada data.

Target Protein

Thyroxine 5-deiodinase DIO3

Referensi & Sumber

Artikel (PubMed)

PMID: 20641974
Cheng KT: Sodium-2-(3-butanoylamino-2,4,6-triiodo-phenyl)methylbutanoate .
PMID: 1687043
Martino E, Balzano S, Bartalena L, Loviselli A, Sica V, Petrini L, Grasso L, Piga M, Braverman LE: Therapy of Graves' disease with sodium ipodate is associated with a high recurrence rate of hyperthyroidism. J Endocrinol Invest. 1991 Nov;14(10):847-51. doi: 10.1007/BF03347940.
PMID: 7608275
Chopra IJ, van Herle AJ, Korenman SG, Viosca S, Younai S: Use of sodium ipodate in management of hyperthyroidism in subacute thyroiditis. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 1995 Jul;80(7):2178-80. doi: 10.1210/jcem.80.7.7608275.
PMID: 11344170
Braga M, Cooper DS: Clinical review 129: Oral cholecystographic agents and the thyroid. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2001 May;86(5):1853-60. doi: 10.1210/jcem.86.5.7484.

Textbook

Woo T.M. and Robinson M. (2016). Pharmacotherapeutics for advanced practice nurse prescribers (4th ed.). Davis Company.
Swanson D., et al. (1990). Pharmaceuticals in medical imaging. McGraw-Hill Professional.

Link

Contoh Produk & Brand

Produk: 1 • International brands: 0

Produk

Oragrafin Sodium 0.5gm

Capsule • 500 mg / cap • Oral • Canada • Approved

Sekuens Gen/Protein (FASTA)

Sekuens dimuat saat dibutuhkan agar halaman tetap ringan.