Peringatan Keamanan

The most commonly reported adverse reactions (occurring in greater than 10% of patients) are pyrexia, chills, rash, thrombocytopenia, leukopenia and arthralgia.

Antilymphocyte immunoglobulin (horse)

DB09312

biotech approved investigational

Deskripsi

Equine anti-thymocyte globulin is composed of purified gamma globulin containing primarily IgG against human thymus lymphocytes. It is formed by inoculating a horse with an antigen (human thymoyctes) which then induces the horse immune system's B-lymphocytes to produce IgG immunoglobulins specific for that antigen. The result is polyclonal IgG that is then purified from the horse's serum to produce a usable drug product that can be used for immunosuppression. Although the exact mechanism of action is unknown, equine anti-thymocyte globulin targets a variety of immune system proteins including lymphocyte surface proteins, granulocytes, platelets, bone marrow cells, and other cell types. Equine ATG is currently indicated for the suppression of the immune system to prevent renal transplant rejection and in the treatment of aplastic anemia. Induction of T cell apoptosis and resulting T-cell lymphopenia found in vivo is credited for its therapeutic effect in these conditions.

There are currently various ATG products available, which differ in the source of inoculated animal (rabbit, horse, or pig) and in the type of antigen product used to produce immunoglobulin (thymocytes, peripheral T cells, etc.).

Struktur Molekul 2D

Struktur tidak tersedia

Peta Jejaring Molekuler
Legenda: ObatTargetGenEnzim(Panah → menunjukkan arah efek / relasi)TransporterCarrier

Profil Farmakokinetik

Waktu Paruh (Half-Life) The half-life of equine immunoglobulin after ATGAM infusion was found to be 5.7 ± 3.0 days in one group of recipients. The range for half-life was 1.5 to 13 days.
Volume Distribusi During infusion of 10 to 15 mg/kg/day, the mean peak value (n = 27 renal transplant patients) was found to be 727 ± 310 ?g/mL.
Klirens (Clearance) -

Absorpsi

Data absorpsi tidak tersedia.

Metabolisme

Data metabolisme tidak tersedia.

Rute Eliminasi

Data eliminasi belum tersedia.

Interaksi Obat

669 Data
Denosumab The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Denosumab is combined with Antilymphocyte immunoglobulin (horse).
Etanercept The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Etanercept is combined with Antilymphocyte immunoglobulin (horse).
Peginterferon alfa-2a The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Peginterferon alfa-2a is combined with Antilymphocyte immunoglobulin (horse).
Interferon alfa-n1 The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Interferon alfa-n1 is combined with Antilymphocyte immunoglobulin (horse).
Interferon alfa-n3 The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Interferon alfa-n3 is combined with Antilymphocyte immunoglobulin (horse).
Peginterferon alfa-2b The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Peginterferon alfa-2b is combined with Antilymphocyte immunoglobulin (horse).
Anakinra The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Anakinra is combined with Antilymphocyte immunoglobulin (horse).
Interferon gamma-1b The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Interferon gamma-1b is combined with Antilymphocyte immunoglobulin (horse).
Interferon alfa-2a The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Interferon alfa-2a is combined with Antilymphocyte immunoglobulin (horse).
Aldesleukin The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Aldesleukin is combined with Antilymphocyte immunoglobulin (horse).
Adalimumab The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Adalimumab is combined with Antilymphocyte immunoglobulin (horse).
Gemtuzumab ozogamicin The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Gemtuzumab ozogamicin is combined with Antilymphocyte immunoglobulin (horse).
Pegaspargase The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Pegaspargase is combined with Antilymphocyte immunoglobulin (horse).
Infliximab The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Infliximab is combined with Antilymphocyte immunoglobulin (horse).
Interferon beta-1b The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Interferon beta-1b is combined with Antilymphocyte immunoglobulin (horse).
Interferon alfacon-1 The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Interferon alfacon-1 is combined with Antilymphocyte immunoglobulin (horse).
Rituximab The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Rituximab is combined with Antilymphocyte immunoglobulin (horse).
Basiliximab The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Basiliximab is combined with Antilymphocyte immunoglobulin (horse).
Muromonab The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Muromonab is combined with Antilymphocyte immunoglobulin (horse).
Ibritumomab tiuxetan The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Ibritumomab tiuxetan is combined with Antilymphocyte immunoglobulin (horse).
Tositumomab The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Tositumomab is combined with Antilymphocyte immunoglobulin (horse).
Alemtuzumab The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Alemtuzumab is combined with Antilymphocyte immunoglobulin (horse).
Alefacept The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Alefacept is combined with Antilymphocyte immunoglobulin (horse).
Efalizumab The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Efalizumab is combined with Antilymphocyte immunoglobulin (horse).
Antithymocyte immunoglobulin (rabbit) The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Antithymocyte immunoglobulin (rabbit) is combined with Antilymphocyte immunoglobulin (horse).
Interferon alfa-2b The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Interferon alfa-2b is combined with Antilymphocyte immunoglobulin (horse).
Daclizumab The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Daclizumab is combined with Antilymphocyte immunoglobulin (horse).
Phenylalanine The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Phenylalanine is combined with Antilymphocyte immunoglobulin (horse).
Flunisolide The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Flunisolide is combined with Antilymphocyte immunoglobulin (horse).
Bortezomib The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Bortezomib is combined with Antilymphocyte immunoglobulin (horse).
Cladribine Antilymphocyte immunoglobulin (horse) may increase the immunosuppressive activities of Cladribine.
Carmustine The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Carmustine is combined with Antilymphocyte immunoglobulin (horse).
Amsacrine The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Amsacrine is combined with Antilymphocyte immunoglobulin (horse).
Bleomycin The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Bleomycin is combined with Antilymphocyte immunoglobulin (horse).
Chlorambucil The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Chlorambucil is combined with Antilymphocyte immunoglobulin (horse).
Raltitrexed The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Raltitrexed is combined with Antilymphocyte immunoglobulin (horse).
Mitomycin The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Mitomycin is combined with Antilymphocyte immunoglobulin (horse).
Bexarotene The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Bexarotene is combined with Antilymphocyte immunoglobulin (horse).
Vindesine The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Vindesine is combined with Antilymphocyte immunoglobulin (horse).
Floxuridine The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Floxuridine is combined with Antilymphocyte immunoglobulin (horse).
Indomethacin The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Indomethacin is combined with Antilymphocyte immunoglobulin (horse).
Tioguanine The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Tioguanine is combined with Antilymphocyte immunoglobulin (horse).
Vinorelbine The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Vinorelbine is combined with Antilymphocyte immunoglobulin (horse).
Dexrazoxane The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Dexrazoxane is combined with Antilymphocyte immunoglobulin (horse).
Beclomethasone dipropionate The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Beclomethasone dipropionate is combined with Antilymphocyte immunoglobulin (horse).
Sorafenib The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Sorafenib is combined with Antilymphocyte immunoglobulin (horse).
Streptozocin The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Streptozocin is combined with Antilymphocyte immunoglobulin (horse).
Trifluridine The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Trifluridine is combined with Antilymphocyte immunoglobulin (horse).
Gemcitabine The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Gemcitabine is combined with Antilymphocyte immunoglobulin (horse).
Betamethasone The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Betamethasone is combined with Antilymphocyte immunoglobulin (horse).
Teniposide The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Teniposide is combined with Antilymphocyte immunoglobulin (horse).
Epirubicin The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Epirubicin is combined with Antilymphocyte immunoglobulin (horse).
Chloramphenicol The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Chloramphenicol is combined with Antilymphocyte immunoglobulin (horse).
Lenalidomide The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Lenalidomide is combined with Antilymphocyte immunoglobulin (horse).
Altretamine The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Altretamine is combined with Antilymphocyte immunoglobulin (horse).
Zidovudine The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Zidovudine is combined with Antilymphocyte immunoglobulin (horse).
Cisplatin The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Cisplatin is combined with Antilymphocyte immunoglobulin (horse).
Oxaliplatin The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Oxaliplatin is combined with Antilymphocyte immunoglobulin (horse).
Cyclophosphamide The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Cyclophosphamide is combined with Antilymphocyte immunoglobulin (horse).
Vincristine The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Vincristine is combined with Antilymphocyte immunoglobulin (horse).
Fluorouracil The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Fluorouracil is combined with Antilymphocyte immunoglobulin (horse).
Propylthiouracil The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Propylthiouracil is combined with Antilymphocyte immunoglobulin (horse).
Pentostatin The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Pentostatin is combined with Antilymphocyte immunoglobulin (horse).
Methotrexate The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Methotrexate is combined with Antilymphocyte immunoglobulin (horse).
Carbamazepine The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Carbamazepine is combined with Antilymphocyte immunoglobulin (horse).
Vinblastine The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Vinblastine is combined with Antilymphocyte immunoglobulin (horse).
Fluticasone propionate The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Fluticasone propionate is combined with Antilymphocyte immunoglobulin (horse).
Fluocinolone acetonide The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Fluocinolone acetonide is combined with Antilymphocyte immunoglobulin (horse).
Linezolid The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Linezolid is combined with Antilymphocyte immunoglobulin (horse).
Imatinib The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Imatinib is combined with Antilymphocyte immunoglobulin (horse).
Triamcinolone The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Triamcinolone is combined with Antilymphocyte immunoglobulin (horse).
Clofarabine The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Clofarabine is combined with Antilymphocyte immunoglobulin (horse).
Prednisone The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Prednisone is combined with Antilymphocyte immunoglobulin (horse).
Pemetrexed The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Pemetrexed is combined with Antilymphocyte immunoglobulin (horse).
Fludrocortisone The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Fludrocortisone is combined with Antilymphocyte immunoglobulin (horse).
Mycophenolate mofetil The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Mycophenolate mofetil is combined with Antilymphocyte immunoglobulin (horse).
Daunorubicin The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Daunorubicin is combined with Antilymphocyte immunoglobulin (horse).
Irinotecan The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Irinotecan is combined with Antilymphocyte immunoglobulin (horse).
Methimazole The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Methimazole is combined with Antilymphocyte immunoglobulin (horse).
Etoposide The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Etoposide is combined with Antilymphocyte immunoglobulin (horse).
Sulfasalazine The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Sulfasalazine is combined with Antilymphocyte immunoglobulin (horse).
Dacarbazine The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Dacarbazine is combined with Antilymphocyte immunoglobulin (horse).
Temozolomide The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Temozolomide is combined with Antilymphocyte immunoglobulin (horse).
Penicillamine The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Penicillamine is combined with Antilymphocyte immunoglobulin (horse).
Prednisolone The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Prednisolone is combined with Antilymphocyte immunoglobulin (horse).
Sirolimus The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Sirolimus is combined with Antilymphocyte immunoglobulin (horse).
Mechlorethamine The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Mechlorethamine is combined with Antilymphocyte immunoglobulin (horse).
Azacitidine The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Azacitidine is combined with Antilymphocyte immunoglobulin (horse).
Carboplatin The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Carboplatin is combined with Antilymphocyte immunoglobulin (horse).
Methylprednisolone The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Methylprednisolone is combined with Antilymphocyte immunoglobulin (horse).
Dactinomycin The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Dactinomycin is combined with Antilymphocyte immunoglobulin (horse).
Cytarabine The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Cytarabine is combined with Antilymphocyte immunoglobulin (horse).
Azathioprine The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Azathioprine is combined with Antilymphocyte immunoglobulin (horse).
Doxorubicin The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Doxorubicin is combined with Antilymphocyte immunoglobulin (horse).
Hydroxyurea The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Hydroxyurea is combined with Antilymphocyte immunoglobulin (horse).
Busulfan The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Busulfan is combined with Antilymphocyte immunoglobulin (horse).
Mycophenolic acid The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Mycophenolic acid is combined with Antilymphocyte immunoglobulin (horse).
Topotecan The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Topotecan is combined with Antilymphocyte immunoglobulin (horse).
Mercaptopurine The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Mercaptopurine is combined with Antilymphocyte immunoglobulin (horse).
Thalidomide The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Thalidomide is combined with Antilymphocyte immunoglobulin (horse).

Referensi & Sumber

Artikel (PubMed)
  • PMID: 24907357
    Feng X, Scheinberg P, Biancotto A, Rios O, Donaldson S, Wu C, Zheng H, Sato K, Townsley DM, McCoy JP, Young NS: In vivo effects of horse and rabbit antithymocyte globulin in patients with severe aplastic anemia. Haematologica. 2014 Sep;99(9):1433-40. doi: 10.3324/haematol.2014.106542. Epub 2014 Jun 6.
  • PMID: 25672649
    Vallejo C, Montesinos P, Polo M, Cuevas B, Morado M, Rosell A, Xicoy B, Diez JL, Salamero O, Cedillo A, Martinez P, Rayon C: Rabbit antithymocyte globulin versus horse antithymocyte globulin for treatment of acquired aplastic anemia: a retrospective analysis. Ann Hematol. 2015 Jun;94(6):947-54. doi: 10.1007/s00277-015-2305-3. Epub 2015 Feb 13.
  • PMID: 25243623
    Hagen P, Wagner JE, DeFor TE, Dolan M, Arora M, Warlick E, Weisdorf D, Brunstein CG: The effect of equine antithymocyte globulin on the outcomes of reduced intensity conditioning for AML. Bone Marrow Transplant. 2014 Dec;49(12):1498-504. doi: 10.1038/bmt.2014.183. Epub 2014 Sep 22.
  • PMID: 12783210
    Dubey S, Nityanand S: Involvement of Fas and TNF pathways in the induction of apoptosis of T cells by antithymocyte globulin. Ann Hematol. 2003 Aug;82(8):496-9. Epub 2003 May 29.

Contoh Produk & Brand

Produk: 3 • International brands: 0
Produk
  • Atgam
    Solution • 50 mg • Intravenous • Canada • Approved
  • Atgam
    Injection, solution • 50 mg/1mL • Intravenous • US • Approved
  • Atgam Sterile Solution IV 50mg/ml
    Liquid • 50 mg • Intravenous • Canada • Approved

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