Peringatan Keamanan

There has not been performed long-term animal studies to evaluate carcinogenic potential or an effect in fertility in males or females.^L1142

Technetium Tc-99m oxidronate

DB09139

small molecule approved

Deskripsi

Technetium Tc-99m oxidronate, also known as 99mTc-methylene diphosphonate, is a radiopharmaceutical agent. A radiopharmaceutical is defined as a medicinal formulation containing radioisotopes that are used in major clinical areas for diagnosis and/or therapy.^L1137 The radiopharmaceuticals based on technetium-99m are widely used for diagnostic purposes because 99mTc has a versatile chemistry which allows it to produce an extense variety of complexes with specific characteristics.^L1138 These complexes are formed by the binding of 99mTc to metal atoms of an organic molecule. The group oxidronate falls into the category of diphosphonates whose structure allows them to bind to calcium.^L1139 Thus, technetium Tc-99m oxidronate is a powerful detection tool for abnormal osteogenesis by skeletal scintigraphy.^L1140 It was developed by Mallinkrodt nuclear and FDA approved on February 18, 1981.

Struktur Molekul 2D

Berat 290.906

Wujud solid

Peta Jejaring Molekuler

Obat Target Gen Interaksi Enzim Transporter Carrier

Legenda: Obat • Target • Gen • Enzim • (Panah → menunjukkan arah efek / relasi) • Transporter • Carrier

1. Pendahuluan & Konsep

Fitur visualisasi ini dikembangkan menggunakan pendekatan Graph Theory untuk memetakan hubungan polifarmasi dan molekuler. Entitas (Obat, Target, Gen) direpresentasikan sebagai Simpul (Nodes), sedangkan hubungan biologisnya sebagai Sisi (Edges).

2. Sumber Data (Validasi)

Data Obat: Diekstraksi dari elemen drugbank-id dan name pada skema XML DrugBank.
Target Protein: Diambil dari elemen targets/target yang memuat polipeptida sasaran.
Genetik: Disinkronisasi dari sub-elemen gene-name dan varian snp-effects.
Genetik: Jumlah titik node dibatasi pada maksimal 10 (Slice=10) interaksi untuk menghindari tumpukan data.

3. Algoritma Visualisasi

Tata letak grafik menggunakan algoritma Force-Directed Graph (Barnes-Hut). Model fisika ini menerapkan gaya tolak-menolak antar simpul (Gravitasi: -3000) agar tidak tumpang tindih, serta gaya pegas (Spring: 0.04) pada garis penghubung untuk fleksibilitas interaksi.

4. Legenda Visual

Obat Utama (Pusat Analisis)

Target Protein (Mekanisme)

Gen (Faktor Genetik)

Metode ini mendukung analisis Precision Medicine dan evaluasi risiko Drug-Drug Interaction (DDI).

Profil Farmakokinetik

Waktu Paruh (Half-Life) The elimination of technetium Tc-99m oxidronate is marked by the presence of three different half-times which are: 1) rapid phase of 3.5 min, 2) intermediate phase of 27 min and 3) slow phase of 144 min.[L1143]

Volume Distribusi The distribution of technetium Tc-99m oxidronate at 1-hour post injection is mainly in the bones and secondary in the liver and kidneys.[L1138]

Klirens (Clearance) During the first 24 hours of technetium Tc-99m oxidronate administration, it is observed a rapid clearance from blood and non-osseous tissues. The dosage gets accumulated in skeleton and urine.[L1142]

Absorpsi

Technetium Tc-99m oxidronate is rapidly absorbed and cleared from blood plasma to reach the skeleton.^L1142 After 27 min of intravenous administration, a range of 45-50% of the technetium Tc-99m oxidronate is accumulated in the skeleton, reaching maximum accumulation at 1-hour post injection and remaining constant until 72 hours postinjection.^L1143

Metabolisme

Technetium Tc-99m oxidronate is a diphosphonate. There have been reports showing that diphosphonates form very stable Tc(IV) complexes which provide them with a very high in vivo stability and a very low degradation.^L1143

Rute Eliminasi

It is recommended to empty bladder completely just prior to technetium Tc-99m oxidronate administration. It is as well recommended to drink abundant water and to empty bladder as often as possible to reduce radiation exposure in the bladder wall. The total radioactivity in blood between 5 min and 24 hours goes from 40% to 2.3% respectively. Technetium Tc-99m oxidronate whole body retention after 24 hours is a ratio of 36.6% which indicates that this drug, unlike other bone radiopharmaceuticals, presents a greater uptake. The glomerular filtration of technetium Tc-99m oxidronate can reach a 60% of the administered dose after 6 hours of the initial dose. The cumulative activity excreted in the urine after 24 hours is of approximately 59% suggesting a ratio of femur-to-muscle of 35.^L1143

Interaksi Obat

817 Data

Calcium acetate	Calcium acetate may decrease effectiveness of Technetium Tc-99m oxidronate as a diagnostic agent.
Succimer	Succimer may decrease effectiveness of Technetium Tc-99m oxidronate as a diagnostic agent.
Sevelamer	Sevelamer may decrease effectiveness of Technetium Tc-99m oxidronate as a diagnostic agent.
Deferoxamine	Deferoxamine may decrease effectiveness of Technetium Tc-99m oxidronate as a diagnostic agent.
Penicillamine	Penicillamine may decrease effectiveness of Technetium Tc-99m oxidronate as a diagnostic agent.
Tolevamer	Tolevamer may decrease effectiveness of Technetium Tc-99m oxidronate as a diagnostic agent.
Deferasirox	Deferasirox may decrease effectiveness of Technetium Tc-99m oxidronate as a diagnostic agent.
1,10-Phenanthroline	1,10-Phenanthroline may decrease effectiveness of Technetium Tc-99m oxidronate as a diagnostic agent.
Ditiocarb	Ditiocarb may decrease effectiveness of Technetium Tc-99m oxidronate as a diagnostic agent.
Nitrilotriacetic acid	Nitrilotriacetic acid may decrease effectiveness of Technetium Tc-99m oxidronate as a diagnostic agent.
Dipicolinic acid	Dipicolinic acid may decrease effectiveness of Technetium Tc-99m oxidronate as a diagnostic agent.
Citric acid	Citric acid may decrease effectiveness of Technetium Tc-99m oxidronate as a diagnostic agent.
Thenoyltrifluoroacetone	Thenoyltrifluoroacetone may decrease effectiveness of Technetium Tc-99m oxidronate as a diagnostic agent.
Tagatose	Tagatose may decrease effectiveness of Technetium Tc-99m oxidronate as a diagnostic agent.
Tetrathiomolybdate	Tetrathiomolybdate may decrease effectiveness of Technetium Tc-99m oxidronate as a diagnostic agent.
Alanosine	Alanosine may decrease effectiveness of Technetium Tc-99m oxidronate as a diagnostic agent.
Dimercaprol	Dimercaprol may decrease effectiveness of Technetium Tc-99m oxidronate as a diagnostic agent.
Triethylenetetramine	Triethylenetetramine may decrease effectiveness of Technetium Tc-99m oxidronate as a diagnostic agent.
Deferiprone	Deferiprone may decrease effectiveness of Technetium Tc-99m oxidronate as a diagnostic agent.
Gadoteric acid	Gadoteric acid may decrease effectiveness of Technetium Tc-99m oxidronate as a diagnostic agent.
L-tartaric acid	L-tartaric acid may decrease effectiveness of Technetium Tc-99m oxidronate as a diagnostic agent.
Thiosulfuric acid	Thiosulfuric acid may decrease effectiveness of Technetium Tc-99m oxidronate as a diagnostic agent.
Emeramide	Emeramide may decrease effectiveness of Technetium Tc-99m oxidronate as a diagnostic agent.
Acteoside	Acteoside may decrease effectiveness of Technetium Tc-99m oxidronate as a diagnostic agent.
Gluconic Acid	Gluconic Acid may decrease effectiveness of Technetium Tc-99m oxidronate as a diagnostic agent.
Pentetic acid	Pentetic acid may decrease effectiveness of Technetium Tc-99m oxidronate as a diagnostic agent.
Edetate calcium disodium anhydrous	Edetate calcium disodium anhydrous may decrease effectiveness of Technetium Tc-99m oxidronate as a diagnostic agent.
Edetate disodium anhydrous	Edetate disodium anhydrous may decrease effectiveness of Technetium Tc-99m oxidronate as a diagnostic agent.
Poliglusam	Poliglusam may decrease effectiveness of Technetium Tc-99m oxidronate as a diagnostic agent.
Edetic acid	Edetic acid may decrease effectiveness of Technetium Tc-99m oxidronate as a diagnostic agent.
Pamidronic acid	The risk or severity of hypocalcemia can be increased when Pamidronic acid is combined with Technetium Tc-99m oxidronate.
Zoledronic acid	The risk or severity of hypocalcemia can be increased when Zoledronic acid is combined with Technetium Tc-99m oxidronate.
Alendronic acid	The risk or severity of hypocalcemia can be increased when Alendronic acid is combined with Technetium Tc-99m oxidronate.
Ibandronate	The risk or severity of hypocalcemia can be increased when Ibandronate is combined with Technetium Tc-99m oxidronate.
Clodronic acid	The risk or severity of hypocalcemia can be increased when Clodronic acid is combined with Technetium Tc-99m oxidronate.
Risedronic acid	The risk or severity of hypocalcemia can be increased when Risedronic acid is combined with Technetium Tc-99m oxidronate.
Etidronic acid	The risk or severity of hypocalcemia can be increased when Etidronic acid is combined with Technetium Tc-99m oxidronate.
Tiludronic acid	The risk or severity of hypocalcemia can be increased when Tiludronic acid is combined with Technetium Tc-99m oxidronate.
Incadronic acid	The risk or severity of hypocalcemia can be increased when Incadronic acid is combined with Technetium Tc-99m oxidronate.
Doxycycline	Doxycycline may decrease effectiveness of Technetium Tc-99m oxidronate as a diagnostic agent.
Lymecycline	Lymecycline may decrease effectiveness of Technetium Tc-99m oxidronate as a diagnostic agent.
Clomocycline	Clomocycline may decrease effectiveness of Technetium Tc-99m oxidronate as a diagnostic agent.
Tigecycline	Tigecycline may decrease effectiveness of Technetium Tc-99m oxidronate as a diagnostic agent.
Oxytetracycline	Oxytetracycline may decrease effectiveness of Technetium Tc-99m oxidronate as a diagnostic agent.
Demeclocycline	Demeclocycline may decrease effectiveness of Technetium Tc-99m oxidronate as a diagnostic agent.
Tetracycline	Tetracycline may decrease effectiveness of Technetium Tc-99m oxidronate as a diagnostic agent.
Metacycline	Metacycline may decrease effectiveness of Technetium Tc-99m oxidronate as a diagnostic agent.
Minocycline	Minocycline may decrease effectiveness of Technetium Tc-99m oxidronate as a diagnostic agent.
Rolitetracycline	Rolitetracycline may decrease effectiveness of Technetium Tc-99m oxidronate as a diagnostic agent.
Sarecycline	Sarecycline may decrease effectiveness of Technetium Tc-99m oxidronate as a diagnostic agent.
Eravacycline	Eravacycline may decrease effectiveness of Technetium Tc-99m oxidronate as a diagnostic agent.
Omadacycline	Omadacycline may decrease effectiveness of Technetium Tc-99m oxidronate as a diagnostic agent.
Penimepicycline	Penimepicycline may decrease effectiveness of Technetium Tc-99m oxidronate as a diagnostic agent.
Nitroprusside	Nitroprusside can cause a decrease in the absorption of Technetium Tc-99m oxidronate resulting in a reduced serum concentration and potentially a decrease in efficacy.
Iron Dextran	Iron Dextran can cause a decrease in the absorption of Technetium Tc-99m oxidronate resulting in a reduced serum concentration and potentially a decrease in efficacy.
Iron	Iron can cause a decrease in the absorption of Technetium Tc-99m oxidronate resulting in a reduced serum concentration and potentially a decrease in efficacy.
Ferumoxytol	Ferumoxytol can cause a decrease in the absorption of Technetium Tc-99m oxidronate resulting in a reduced serum concentration and potentially a decrease in efficacy.
Prussian blue	Prussian blue can cause a decrease in the absorption of Technetium Tc-99m oxidronate resulting in a reduced serum concentration and potentially a decrease in efficacy.
Ferric carboxymaltose	Ferric carboxymaltose can cause a decrease in the absorption of Technetium Tc-99m oxidronate resulting in a reduced serum concentration and potentially a decrease in efficacy.
Iron sucrose	Iron sucrose can cause a decrease in the absorption of Technetium Tc-99m oxidronate resulting in a reduced serum concentration and potentially a decrease in efficacy.
Ferric pyrophosphate	Ferric pyrophosphate can cause a decrease in the absorption of Technetium Tc-99m oxidronate resulting in a reduced serum concentration and potentially a decrease in efficacy.
Ferric ammonium citrate	Ferric ammonium citrate can cause a decrease in the absorption of Technetium Tc-99m oxidronate resulting in a reduced serum concentration and potentially a decrease in efficacy.
Ferumoxsil	Ferumoxsil can cause a decrease in the absorption of Technetium Tc-99m oxidronate resulting in a reduced serum concentration and potentially a decrease in efficacy.
Ferumoxides	Ferumoxides can cause a decrease in the absorption of Technetium Tc-99m oxidronate resulting in a reduced serum concentration and potentially a decrease in efficacy.
Ferric sulfate	Ferric sulfate can cause a decrease in the absorption of Technetium Tc-99m oxidronate resulting in a reduced serum concentration and potentially a decrease in efficacy.
Ferrous bisglycinate	Ferrous bisglycinate can cause a decrease in the absorption of Technetium Tc-99m oxidronate resulting in a reduced serum concentration and potentially a decrease in efficacy.
Gleptoferron	Gleptoferron can cause a decrease in the absorption of Technetium Tc-99m oxidronate resulting in a reduced serum concentration and potentially a decrease in efficacy.
Ferric oxide	Ferric oxide can cause a decrease in the absorption of Technetium Tc-99m oxidronate resulting in a reduced serum concentration and potentially a decrease in efficacy.
Perflubutane	Perflubutane can cause a decrease in the absorption of Technetium Tc-99m oxidronate resulting in a reduced serum concentration and potentially a decrease in efficacy.
Ferrous sulfate anhydrous	Ferrous sulfate anhydrous can cause a decrease in the absorption of Technetium Tc-99m oxidronate resulting in a reduced serum concentration and potentially a decrease in efficacy.
Sodium feredetate	Sodium feredetate can cause a decrease in the absorption of Technetium Tc-99m oxidronate resulting in a reduced serum concentration and potentially a decrease in efficacy.
Ferric hydroxide	Ferric hydroxide can cause a decrease in the absorption of Technetium Tc-99m oxidronate resulting in a reduced serum concentration and potentially a decrease in efficacy.
Ferrous chloride	Ferrous chloride can cause a decrease in the absorption of Technetium Tc-99m oxidronate resulting in a reduced serum concentration and potentially a decrease in efficacy.
Ferric cation	Ferric cation can cause a decrease in the absorption of Technetium Tc-99m oxidronate resulting in a reduced serum concentration and potentially a decrease in efficacy.
Ferrous gluconate	Ferrous gluconate can cause a decrease in the absorption of Technetium Tc-99m oxidronate resulting in a reduced serum concentration and potentially a decrease in efficacy.
Ferrous succinate	Ferrous succinate can cause a decrease in the absorption of Technetium Tc-99m oxidronate resulting in a reduced serum concentration and potentially a decrease in efficacy.
Ferrous fumarate	Ferrous fumarate can cause a decrease in the absorption of Technetium Tc-99m oxidronate resulting in a reduced serum concentration and potentially a decrease in efficacy.
Tetraferric tricitrate decahydrate	Tetraferric tricitrate decahydrate can cause a decrease in the absorption of Technetium Tc-99m oxidronate resulting in a reduced serum concentration and potentially a decrease in efficacy.
Ferric oxyhydroxide	Ferric oxyhydroxide can cause a decrease in the absorption of Technetium Tc-99m oxidronate resulting in a reduced serum concentration and potentially a decrease in efficacy.
Ferric maltol	Ferric maltol can cause a decrease in the absorption of Technetium Tc-99m oxidronate resulting in a reduced serum concentration and potentially a decrease in efficacy.
Iron isomaltoside 1000	Iron isomaltoside 1000 can cause a decrease in the absorption of Technetium Tc-99m oxidronate resulting in a reduced serum concentration and potentially a decrease in efficacy.
Iron polymaltose	Iron polymaltose can cause a decrease in the absorption of Technetium Tc-99m oxidronate resulting in a reduced serum concentration and potentially a decrease in efficacy.
Sucralfate	The serum concentration of Technetium Tc-99m oxidronate can be increased when it is combined with Sucralfate.
Bentoquatam	The serum concentration of Technetium Tc-99m oxidronate can be increased when it is combined with Bentoquatam.
Kaolin	The serum concentration of Technetium Tc-99m oxidronate can be increased when it is combined with Kaolin.
Aluminum hydroxide	The serum concentration of Technetium Tc-99m oxidronate can be increased when it is combined with Aluminum hydroxide.
Magaldrate	The serum concentration of Technetium Tc-99m oxidronate can be increased when it is combined with Magaldrate.
Potassium alum	The serum concentration of Technetium Tc-99m oxidronate can be increased when it is combined with Potassium alum.
Aluminum chloride	The serum concentration of Technetium Tc-99m oxidronate can be increased when it is combined with Aluminum chloride.
Aluminum sulfate	The serum concentration of Technetium Tc-99m oxidronate can be increased when it is combined with Aluminum sulfate.
Bentonite	The serum concentration of Technetium Tc-99m oxidronate can be increased when it is combined with Bentonite.
Aluminium acetoacetate	The serum concentration of Technetium Tc-99m oxidronate can be increased when it is combined with Aluminium acetoacetate.
Hydrotalcite	The serum concentration of Technetium Tc-99m oxidronate can be increased when it is combined with Hydrotalcite.
Aluminium glycinate	The serum concentration of Technetium Tc-99m oxidronate can be increased when it is combined with Aluminium glycinate.
Aloglutamol	The serum concentration of Technetium Tc-99m oxidronate can be increased when it is combined with Aloglutamol.
Montmorillonite	The serum concentration of Technetium Tc-99m oxidronate can be increased when it is combined with Montmorillonite.
Aluminium phosphate	The serum concentration of Technetium Tc-99m oxidronate can be increased when it is combined with Aluminium phosphate.
Aluminum chlorohydrate	The serum concentration of Technetium Tc-99m oxidronate can be increased when it is combined with Aluminum chlorohydrate.
Dihydroxyaluminum sodium carbonate	The serum concentration of Technetium Tc-99m oxidronate can be increased when it is combined with Dihydroxyaluminum sodium carbonate.
Cyclosporine	Cyclosporine may decrease the excretion rate of Technetium Tc-99m oxidronate which could result in a higher serum level.

Referensi & Sumber

Textbook

Oura K., Lifshits G., Saranin A., Zotov V. and Katayama M. (2003). Surface science, an introduction. Springer.

Link

Contoh Produk & Brand

Produk: 0 • International brands: 0

Belum ada data produk/brand untuk obat ini pada database. Jalankan import DrugBank untuk mengisi field produk/brand.

Sekuens Gen/Protein (FASTA)

Sekuens dimuat saat dibutuhkan agar halaman tetap ringan.