Peringatan Keamanan

A possible adverse reaction associated with the use of the mouthwash or oromucosal spray formulations of benzymadine is potential numbness and/or stinging in the mouth and/or throat L1120, L1121.

Some possible adverse reactions that tend to be associated more with topical cream formulations of benzymadine include increased sensitivity to sunlight, and localized itching, skin rash, redness, or swelling L1123.

The prescribing information for all formulations of benzymadine however, warn against the possibility of severe allergic reaction (anaphylaxis) associated with swelling of the throat and mouth, difficulty in swallowing, speaking, and breathing, or wheezing L1120, L1121, L1123.

As benzydamine is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID), it is necessary to determine if a patient is allergic to NSAIDs before considering its use L1120, L1121, L1123.

Intoxication is expected as a consequence of accidental ingestion of large quantities of benzydamine (over 300 mg ingestion). Other symptoms associated with overdose of ingested benzydamine include gastrointestinal and central nervous system symptoms like nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, oesophageal irritation, dizziness, hallucinations, agitation, anxiety, and irritability L1121.

The official prescribing information for benzydamine generally suggest that benzydamine mouthwashes and sprays should not be used in pregnancy L1121, L1123 . Similarly, the official prescribing information for benzydamine also generally suggest that benzydamine mouthwashes and sprays should not be used during lactation unless considered essential by a physician L1121, L1123.

The prescribing information for topical cream formulations of benzydamine note that benzydamine cream should not be used in pregnancy or lactation unless considered necessary by the physician L1120.

Overall, non-clinical data reveal no special hazards for humans based on conventional studies of safety pharmacology, repeated toxicity, genotoxicity, cardiogenic potential, and toxicity to reproduction L1120. Additionally, there is no evidence of teratogenic effects in animal studies L1121.

Benzydamine

DB09084

small molecule approved

Deskripsi

Benzydamine (also known as Tantum Verde or Difflam), available as the hydrochloride salt, is a locally-acting nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) with local anaesthetic and analgesic properties. It is used topically for pain relief and anti-inflammatory treatment of the mouth, throat, or muscoskeletal system.

Although the indazole analogue benzydamine is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID), it has various physicochemical properties and pharmacologic activities that are different from those of traditional aspirin-like NSAIDs but facilitate benzydamine's mechanism of action as an effective locally-acting NSAID with local anaesthetic and analgesic properties. Moreover, unlike aspirin-like NSAIDs which are acids or metabolised to acids, benzydamine is in fact a weak base.

Struktur Molekul 2D

Berat 309.413
Wujud solid

Peta Jejaring Molekuler
Legenda: Obat • Target • Gen • Enzim • (Panah → menunjukkan arah efek / relasi) • Transporter • Carrier

Profil Farmakokinetik

Waktu Paruh (Half-Life) Approximately 13 h after oral administration [L1121], with a terminal half life of about 7.7 h [A31528].
Volume Distribusi The volume of distribution of benzydamine is 10 L [A27273, A31528].
Klirens (Clearance) Benzydamine demonstrateas a systemic clearance of 170 ml/min [A31528].

Absorpsi

Oral doses of benzydamine are well absorbed and plasma drug concentrations reach a peak fairly rapidly and then decline with a half-life of approximately 13 hours. When applied topically, although the local drug concentrations are relatively large, the systemic absorption of topically applied benzydamine is relatively low compared to oral doses. This low topical absorption contributes to a decreased potential for any systemic drug side-effects when benzydamine is administered in this way. L1121

Metabolisme

Benzydamine is primarily metabolized by oxidation, dealkylation, and conjugation into hydroxy, dealkylated, and N-oxide metabolites L1121, A31528. In general, however, when used at the recommended doses the levels at which benzydamine is absorbed or exposed into the body are usually not sufficient to produce systemic pharmacological effects [L

Rute Eliminasi

The relatively high lipid solubility of the weak base benzydamine is thought to be associated with considerable passive resorption within the renal tubule, which suggests that only approximately 5% of benzydamine is excreted unchanged in the urine A27273. At the same time however, other studies have suggested that considerably larger amounts (50-65%) of the drug is excreted unchanged in urine A31530. While several inactive oxidized metabolites of benzydamine are excreted in urine, the benzydamine N-oxide metabolite can remain in plasma and demonstrate a half-life that is longer than the parent benzydamine compound A27273. Nevertheless, it is generally believed that excretion occurs mainly through urine and is mostly in the form of inactive metabolites or conjugation products L2466.

Interaksi Obat

1403 Data
Amlodipine Benzydamine may decrease the antihypertensive activities of Amlodipine.
Phentermine The risk or severity of hypertension can be increased when Phentermine is combined with Benzydamine.
Midodrine The risk or severity of hypertension can be increased when Midodrine is combined with Benzydamine.
Eletriptan The risk or severity of hypertension can be increased when Eletriptan is combined with Benzydamine.
Isoetharine The risk or severity of hypertension can be increased when Isoetharine is combined with Benzydamine.
Ziprasidone The risk or severity of hypertension can be increased when Ziprasidone is combined with Benzydamine.
Methysergide The risk or severity of hypertension can be increased when Methysergide is combined with Benzydamine.
Cabergoline The risk or severity of hypertension can be increased when Cabergoline is combined with Benzydamine.
Zolmitriptan The risk or severity of hypertension can be increased when Zolmitriptan is combined with Benzydamine.
Dihydroergotamine The risk or severity of hypertension can be increased when Dihydroergotamine is combined with Benzydamine.
Methylergometrine The risk or severity of hypertension can be increased when Methylergometrine is combined with Benzydamine.
Norepinephrine The risk or severity of hypertension can be increased when Norepinephrine is combined with Benzydamine.
Mirtazapine The risk or severity of hypertension can be increased when Mirtazapine is combined with Benzydamine.
Phenylephrine The risk or severity of hypertension can be increased when Phenylephrine is combined with Benzydamine.
Phenylpropanolamine The risk or severity of hypertension can be increased when Phenylpropanolamine is combined with Benzydamine.
Promazine The risk or severity of hypertension can be increased when Promazine is combined with Benzydamine.
Droperidol The risk or severity of hypertension can be increased when Droperidol is combined with Benzydamine.
Doxapram The risk or severity of hypertension can be increased when Doxapram is combined with Benzydamine.
Atropine The risk or severity of hypertension can be increased when Atropine is combined with Benzydamine.
Lisuride The risk or severity of hypertension can be increased when Lisuride is combined with Benzydamine.
Linezolid The risk or severity of hypertension can be increased when Linezolid is combined with Benzydamine.
Metaraminol The risk or severity of hypertension can be increased when Metaraminol is combined with Benzydamine.
Furazolidone The risk or severity of hypertension can be increased when Furazolidone is combined with Benzydamine.
Epinephrine The risk or severity of hypertension can be increased when Epinephrine is combined with Benzydamine.
Thioridazine The risk or severity of hypertension can be increased when Thioridazine is combined with Benzydamine.
Ergotamine The risk or severity of hypertension can be increased when Ergotamine is combined with Benzydamine.
Nicergoline The risk or severity of hypertension can be increased when Nicergoline is combined with Benzydamine.
Sufentanil The risk or severity of hypertension can be increased when Sufentanil is combined with Benzydamine.
Methoxamine The risk or severity of hypertension can be increased when Methoxamine is combined with Benzydamine.
Risperidone The risk or severity of hypertension can be increased when Risperidone is combined with Benzydamine.
Tranylcypromine The risk or severity of hypertension can be increased when Tranylcypromine is combined with Benzydamine.
Isoflurane The risk or severity of hypertension can be increased when Isoflurane is combined with Benzydamine.
Propiomazine The risk or severity of hypertension can be increased when Propiomazine is combined with Benzydamine.
Alfentanil The risk or severity of hypertension can be increased when Alfentanil is combined with Benzydamine.
Minaprine The risk or severity of hypertension can be increased when Minaprine is combined with Benzydamine.
Orciprenaline The risk or severity of hypertension can be increased when Orciprenaline is combined with Benzydamine.
Propofol The risk or severity of hypertension can be increased when Propofol is combined with Benzydamine.
Phenmetrazine The risk or severity of hypertension can be increased when Phenmetrazine is combined with Benzydamine.
Trifluoperazine The risk or severity of hypertension can be increased when Trifluoperazine is combined with Benzydamine.
Pseudoephedrine The risk or severity of hypertension can be increased when Pseudoephedrine is combined with Benzydamine.
Benzphetamine The risk or severity of hypertension can be increased when Benzphetamine is combined with Benzydamine.
Ritodrine The risk or severity of hypertension can be increased when Ritodrine is combined with Benzydamine.
Flupentixol The risk or severity of hypertension can be increased when Flupentixol is combined with Benzydamine.
Remifentanil The risk or severity of hypertension can be increased when Remifentanil is combined with Benzydamine.
Bitolterol The risk or severity of hypertension can be increased when Bitolterol is combined with Benzydamine.
Oxymetazoline The risk or severity of hypertension can be increased when Oxymetazoline is combined with Benzydamine.
Diethylpropion The risk or severity of hypertension can be increased when Diethylpropion is combined with Benzydamine.
Salmeterol The risk or severity of hypertension can be increased when Salmeterol is combined with Benzydamine.
Naratriptan The risk or severity of hypertension can be increased when Naratriptan is combined with Benzydamine.
Formoterol The risk or severity of hypertension can be increased when Formoterol is combined with Benzydamine.
Frovatriptan The risk or severity of hypertension can be increased when Frovatriptan is combined with Benzydamine.
Methoxyflurane The risk or severity of hypertension can be increased when Methoxyflurane is combined with Benzydamine.
Selegiline The risk or severity of hypertension can be increased when Selegiline is combined with Benzydamine.
Ergoloid mesylate The risk or severity of hypertension can be increased when Ergoloid mesylate is combined with Benzydamine.
Isoprenaline The risk or severity of hypertension can be increased when Isoprenaline is combined with Benzydamine.
Arbutamine The risk or severity of hypertension can be increased when Arbutamine is combined with Benzydamine.
Dutasteride The risk or severity of hypertension can be increased when Dutasteride is combined with Benzydamine.
Halothane The risk or severity of hypertension can be increased when Halothane is combined with Benzydamine.
Moclobemide The risk or severity of hypertension can be increased when Moclobemide is combined with Benzydamine.
Pergolide The risk or severity of hypertension can be increased when Pergolide is combined with Benzydamine.
Desflurane The risk or severity of hypertension can be increased when Desflurane is combined with Benzydamine.
Bromocriptine The risk or severity of hypertension can be increased when Bromocriptine is combined with Benzydamine.
Finasteride The risk or severity of hypertension can be increased when Finasteride is combined with Benzydamine.
Aripiprazole The risk or severity of hypertension can be increased when Aripiprazole is combined with Benzydamine.
Isocarboxazid The risk or severity of hypertension can be increased when Isocarboxazid is combined with Benzydamine.
Ergometrine The risk or severity of hypertension can be increased when Ergometrine is combined with Benzydamine.
Lisdexamfetamine The risk or severity of hypertension can be increased when Lisdexamfetamine is combined with Benzydamine.
Fenoterol The risk or severity of hypertension can be increased when Fenoterol is combined with Benzydamine.
Pirbuterol The risk or severity of hypertension can be increased when Pirbuterol is combined with Benzydamine.
Ephedra sinica root The risk or severity of hypertension can be increased when Ephedra sinica root is combined with Benzydamine.
Ephedrine The risk or severity of hypertension can be increased when Ephedrine is combined with Benzydamine.
Mephentermine The risk or severity of hypertension can be increased when Mephentermine is combined with Benzydamine.
Procaterol The risk or severity of hypertension can be increased when Procaterol is combined with Benzydamine.
Yohimbine The risk or severity of hypertension can be increased when Yohimbine is combined with Benzydamine.
Methotrimeprazine The risk or severity of hypertension can be increased when Methotrimeprazine is combined with Benzydamine.
Clenbuterol The risk or severity of hypertension can be increased when Clenbuterol is combined with Benzydamine.
Bambuterol The risk or severity of hypertension can be increased when Bambuterol is combined with Benzydamine.
MMDA The risk or severity of hypertension can be increased when MMDA is combined with Benzydamine.
Midomafetamine The risk or severity of hypertension can be increased when Midomafetamine is combined with Benzydamine.
2,5-Dimethoxy-4-ethylamphetamine The risk or severity of hypertension can be increased when 2,5-Dimethoxy-4-ethylamphetamine is combined with Benzydamine.
4-Methoxyamphetamine The risk or severity of hypertension can be increased when 4-Methoxyamphetamine is combined with Benzydamine.
4-Bromo-2,5-dimethoxyamphetamine The risk or severity of hypertension can be increased when 4-Bromo-2,5-dimethoxyamphetamine is combined with Benzydamine.
Tenamfetamine The risk or severity of hypertension can be increased when Tenamfetamine is combined with Benzydamine.
Chlorphentermine The risk or severity of hypertension can be increased when Chlorphentermine is combined with Benzydamine.
Dextroamphetamine The risk or severity of hypertension can be increased when Dextroamphetamine is combined with Benzydamine.
Phendimetrazine The risk or severity of hypertension can be increased when Phendimetrazine is combined with Benzydamine.
Solifenacin The risk or severity of hypertension can be increased when Solifenacin is combined with Benzydamine.
Periciazine The risk or severity of hypertension can be increased when Periciazine is combined with Benzydamine.
Acepromazine The risk or severity of hypertension can be increased when Acepromazine is combined with Benzydamine.
Thioproperazine The risk or severity of hypertension can be increased when Thioproperazine is combined with Benzydamine.
Zuclopenthixol The risk or severity of hypertension can be increased when Zuclopenthixol is combined with Benzydamine.
Epicaptopril The risk or severity of hypertension can be increased when Epicaptopril is combined with Benzydamine.
Clorgiline The risk or severity of hypertension can be increased when Clorgiline is combined with Benzydamine.
1-benzylimidazole The risk or severity of hypertension can be increased when 1-benzylimidazole is combined with Benzydamine.
Iproniazid The risk or severity of hypertension can be increased when Iproniazid is combined with Benzydamine.
Nialamide The risk or severity of hypertension can be increased when Nialamide is combined with Benzydamine.
Lysergic acid diethylamide The risk or severity of hypertension can be increased when Lysergic acid diethylamide is combined with Benzydamine.
Dronedarone The risk or severity of hypertension can be increased when Dronedarone is combined with Benzydamine.
Flibanserin The risk or severity of hypertension can be increased when Flibanserin is combined with Benzydamine.
Iloperidone The risk or severity of hypertension can be increased when Iloperidone is combined with Benzydamine.

Target Protein

Prostaglandin G/H synthase 1 PTGS1
Prostaglandin G/H synthase 2 PTGS2

Referensi & Sumber

Artikel (PubMed)
  • PMID: 1932611
    Baldock GA, Brodie RR, Chasseaud LF, Taylor T, Walmsley LM, Catanese B: Pharmacokinetics of benzydamine after intravenous, oral, and topical doses to human subjects. Biopharm Drug Dispos. 1991 Oct;12(7):481-92.
  • PMID: 6031923
    Silvestrini B, Barcellona PS, Garau A, Catanese B: Toxicology of benzydamine. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 1967 Jan;10(1):148-59.
  • PMID: 17694367
    Quane PA, Graham GG, Ziegler JB: Pharmacology of benzydamine. Inflammopharmacology. 1998;6(2):95-107. doi: 10.1007/s10787-998-0026-0.
  • PMID: 6014929
    Catanese B, Grasso A, Silverstrini B: Studies on the absorption and elimination of benzydamine in the mouse, rat, dog, and man. Arzneimittelforschung. 1966 Oct;16(10):1354-7.

Contoh Produk & Brand

Produk: 11 • International brands: 0
Produk
  • Apo-benzydamine Oral Rinse
    Mouthwash • 0.15 % • Buccal • Canada • Generic • Approved
  • Novo-benzydamine
    Mouthwash; Solution • 1.5 mg / mL • Buccal; Oral • Canada • Generic • Approved
  • Novo-benzydamine - Oral Rinse
    Liquid; Mouthwash • 1.5 mg / mL • Buccal; Oral • Canada • Generic • Approved
  • Nu-benzydamine Oral Rinse
    Liquid • 0.15 % • Buccal • Canada • Generic • Approved
  • Odan-benzydamine
    Mouthwash • 0.15 % w/v • Buccal • Canada • Generic • Approved
  • Pharixia
    Mouthwash • 0.15 % w/v • Buccal • Canada • Approved
  • Pharixia Alcohol Free
    Mouthwash • 0.15 % w/v • Buccal • Canada • Approved
  • PMS-benzydamine
    Mouthwash • 0.15 % w/v • Buccal • Canada • Generic • Approved
Menampilkan 8 dari 11 produk.

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