The most common (incidence 15 %) grade 3 or 4 treatment-related adverse events in dinutuximab compared with standard therapy recipients were neuropathic pain (52 vs. 6 %), fever without neutropenia (39 vs. 6 %), any in-fection (39 vs. 22 %), hypokalaemia (35 vs. 2 %), hypersensitivity reactions (25 vs. 1 %), hyponatraemia (23 vs. 4 %), elevation of alanine transferase levels (23 vs. 3 %) and hypotension (18 vs. 0 %). Based on its mechanism of action, dinutuximab may cause fetal harm when administered to a pregnant woman however, there are no studies in pregnant women and no reproductive studies in animals to inform the drug-associated risk. Non-clinical studies suggest that dinutuximab-induced neuropathic pain is mediated by binding of the antibody to the GD2 antigen located on the surface of peripheral nerve fibers and myelin and subsequent induction of cell- and complement-mediated cytotoxicity. In clinical trials, 114 (85%) patients treated in the dinutuximab/RA group experienced pain despite pre-treatment with analgesics including morphine sulfate infusion. Severe (Grade 3) pain occurred in 68 (51%) patients in the dinutuximab/RA group compared to 5 (5%) patients in the RA group. Pain typically occurred during the dinutuximab infusion and was most commonly reported as abdominal pain, generalized pain, extremity pain, back pain, neuralgia, musculoskeletal chest pain, and arthralgia.
Dinutuximab is an IgG1 monoclonal human/mouse chimeric antibody against GD2, a disialoganglioside expressed on tumors of neuroectodermal origin, including human neuroblastoma and melanoma, with highly restricted expression on normal tissues. It is composed of the variable heavy- and light-chain regions of the murine anti-GD2 mAb 14.18 and the constant regions of human IgG1 heavy-chain and kappa light-chain. By binding to GD2, dinutiximab induces antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity and complement-dependent cytotoxicity of tumor cells thereby leading to apoptosis and inhibiting proliferation of the tumour. It is indicated, in combination with granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), interleukin-2 (IL-2), and 13-cis-retinoic acid (RA), for the treatment of pediatric patients with high-risk neuroblastoma who achieve at least a partial response to prior first-line multiagent, multimodality therapy. Despite a high clinical response seen after first-line treatment, the complete eradication of neuroblastoma is rarely achieved and the majority of patients with advanced disease suffer a relapse. Current strategies for treatment include immunotherapy with drugs such as dinutuximab to target surviving neuroblastoma cells and to prevent relapse.
Fitur visualisasi ini dikembangkan menggunakan pendekatan Graph Theory untuk memetakan hubungan polifarmasi dan molekuler. Entitas (Obat, Target, Gen) direpresentasikan sebagai Simpul (Nodes), sedangkan hubungan biologisnya sebagai Sisi (Edges).
drugbank-id dan name pada skema XML DrugBank.targets/target yang memuat polipeptida sasaran.gene-name dan varian snp-effects.Tata letak grafik menggunakan algoritma Force-Directed Graph (Barnes-Hut). Model fisika ini menerapkan gaya tolak-menolak antar simpul (Gravitasi: -3000) agar tidak tumpang tindih, serta gaya pegas (Spring: 0.04) pada garis penghubung untuk fleksibilitas interaksi.
| Denosumab | The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Denosumab is combined with Dinutuximab. |
| Etanercept | The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Etanercept is combined with Dinutuximab. |
| Peginterferon alfa-2a | The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Peginterferon alfa-2a is combined with Dinutuximab. |
| Interferon alfa-n1 | The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Interferon alfa-n1 is combined with Dinutuximab. |
| Interferon alfa-n3 | The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Interferon alfa-n3 is combined with Dinutuximab. |
| Peginterferon alfa-2b | The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Peginterferon alfa-2b is combined with Dinutuximab. |
| Anakinra | The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Anakinra is combined with Dinutuximab. |
| Interferon gamma-1b | The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Interferon gamma-1b is combined with Dinutuximab. |
| Interferon alfa-2a | The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Interferon alfa-2a is combined with Dinutuximab. |
| Aldesleukin | The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Aldesleukin is combined with Dinutuximab. |
| Adalimumab | The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Adalimumab is combined with Dinutuximab. |
| Gemtuzumab ozogamicin | The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Gemtuzumab ozogamicin is combined with Dinutuximab. |
| Pegaspargase | The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Pegaspargase is combined with Dinutuximab. |
| Infliximab | The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Infliximab is combined with Dinutuximab. |
| Interferon beta-1b | The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Interferon beta-1b is combined with Dinutuximab. |
| Interferon alfacon-1 | The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Interferon alfacon-1 is combined with Dinutuximab. |
| Rituximab | The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Rituximab is combined with Dinutuximab. |
| Basiliximab | The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Basiliximab is combined with Dinutuximab. |
| Muromonab | The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Muromonab is combined with Dinutuximab. |
| Ibritumomab tiuxetan | The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Ibritumomab tiuxetan is combined with Dinutuximab. |
| Tositumomab | The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Tositumomab is combined with Dinutuximab. |
| Alemtuzumab | The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Alemtuzumab is combined with Dinutuximab. |
| Alefacept | The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Alefacept is combined with Dinutuximab. |
| Efalizumab | The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Efalizumab is combined with Dinutuximab. |
| Antithymocyte immunoglobulin (rabbit) | The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Antithymocyte immunoglobulin (rabbit) is combined with Dinutuximab. |
| Interferon alfa-2b | The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Interferon alfa-2b is combined with Dinutuximab. |
| Daclizumab | The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Daclizumab is combined with Dinutuximab. |
| Phenylalanine | The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Phenylalanine is combined with Dinutuximab. |
| Flunisolide | The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Flunisolide is combined with Dinutuximab. |
| Bortezomib | The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Bortezomib is combined with Dinutuximab. |
| Cladribine | Dinutuximab may increase the immunosuppressive activities of Cladribine. |
| Carmustine | The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Carmustine is combined with Dinutuximab. |
| Amsacrine | The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Amsacrine is combined with Dinutuximab. |
| Bleomycin | The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Bleomycin is combined with Dinutuximab. |
| Chlorambucil | The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Chlorambucil is combined with Dinutuximab. |
| Raltitrexed | The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Raltitrexed is combined with Dinutuximab. |
| Mitomycin | The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Mitomycin is combined with Dinutuximab. |
| Bexarotene | The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Bexarotene is combined with Dinutuximab. |
| Vindesine | The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Vindesine is combined with Dinutuximab. |
| Floxuridine | The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Floxuridine is combined with Dinutuximab. |
| Indomethacin | The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Indomethacin is combined with Dinutuximab. |
| Tioguanine | The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Tioguanine is combined with Dinutuximab. |
| Vinorelbine | The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Vinorelbine is combined with Dinutuximab. |
| Dexrazoxane | The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Dexrazoxane is combined with Dinutuximab. |
| Beclomethasone dipropionate | The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Beclomethasone dipropionate is combined with Dinutuximab. |
| Sorafenib | The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Sorafenib is combined with Dinutuximab. |
| Streptozocin | The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Streptozocin is combined with Dinutuximab. |
| Trifluridine | The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Trifluridine is combined with Dinutuximab. |
| Gemcitabine | The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Gemcitabine is combined with Dinutuximab. |
| Betamethasone | The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Betamethasone is combined with Dinutuximab. |
| Teniposide | The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Teniposide is combined with Dinutuximab. |
| Epirubicin | The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Epirubicin is combined with Dinutuximab. |
| Chloramphenicol | The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Chloramphenicol is combined with Dinutuximab. |
| Lenalidomide | The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Lenalidomide is combined with Dinutuximab. |
| Altretamine | The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Altretamine is combined with Dinutuximab. |
| Zidovudine | The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Zidovudine is combined with Dinutuximab. |
| Cisplatin | The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Cisplatin is combined with Dinutuximab. |
| Oxaliplatin | The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Oxaliplatin is combined with Dinutuximab. |
| Cyclophosphamide | The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Cyclophosphamide is combined with Dinutuximab. |
| Vincristine | The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Vincristine is combined with Dinutuximab. |
| Fluorouracil | The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Fluorouracil is combined with Dinutuximab. |
| Propylthiouracil | The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Propylthiouracil is combined with Dinutuximab. |
| Pentostatin | The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Pentostatin is combined with Dinutuximab. |
| Methotrexate | The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Methotrexate is combined with Dinutuximab. |
| Carbamazepine | The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Carbamazepine is combined with Dinutuximab. |
| Vinblastine | The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Vinblastine is combined with Dinutuximab. |
| Fluticasone propionate | The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Fluticasone propionate is combined with Dinutuximab. |
| Fluocinolone acetonide | The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Fluocinolone acetonide is combined with Dinutuximab. |
| Linezolid | The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Linezolid is combined with Dinutuximab. |
| Imatinib | The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Imatinib is combined with Dinutuximab. |
| Triamcinolone | The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Triamcinolone is combined with Dinutuximab. |
| Clofarabine | The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Clofarabine is combined with Dinutuximab. |
| Prednisone | The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Prednisone is combined with Dinutuximab. |
| Pemetrexed | The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Pemetrexed is combined with Dinutuximab. |
| Fludrocortisone | The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Fludrocortisone is combined with Dinutuximab. |
| Mycophenolate mofetil | The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Mycophenolate mofetil is combined with Dinutuximab. |
| Daunorubicin | The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Daunorubicin is combined with Dinutuximab. |
| Irinotecan | The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Irinotecan is combined with Dinutuximab. |
| Methimazole | The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Methimazole is combined with Dinutuximab. |
| Etoposide | The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Etoposide is combined with Dinutuximab. |
| Sulfasalazine | The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Sulfasalazine is combined with Dinutuximab. |
| Dacarbazine | The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Dacarbazine is combined with Dinutuximab. |
| Temozolomide | The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Temozolomide is combined with Dinutuximab. |
| Penicillamine | The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Penicillamine is combined with Dinutuximab. |
| Prednisolone | The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Prednisolone is combined with Dinutuximab. |
| Sirolimus | The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Sirolimus is combined with Dinutuximab. |
| Mechlorethamine | The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Mechlorethamine is combined with Dinutuximab. |
| Azacitidine | The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Azacitidine is combined with Dinutuximab. |
| Carboplatin | The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Carboplatin is combined with Dinutuximab. |
| Methylprednisolone | The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Methylprednisolone is combined with Dinutuximab. |
| Dactinomycin | The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Dactinomycin is combined with Dinutuximab. |
| Cytarabine | The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Cytarabine is combined with Dinutuximab. |
| Azathioprine | The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Azathioprine is combined with Dinutuximab. |
| Doxorubicin | The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Doxorubicin is combined with Dinutuximab. |
| Hydroxyurea | The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Hydroxyurea is combined with Dinutuximab. |
| Busulfan | The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Busulfan is combined with Dinutuximab. |
| Mycophenolic acid | The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Mycophenolic acid is combined with Dinutuximab. |
| Topotecan | The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Topotecan is combined with Dinutuximab. |
| Mercaptopurine | The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Mercaptopurine is combined with Dinutuximab. |
| Thalidomide | The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Thalidomide is combined with Dinutuximab. |