In animals, lethality was seen at a dose of 1586 mg/kg sodium phenylbutyrate; however, this is a supra-therapeutic dose and acute toxicity is unlikely.L42115 No adverse experiences have been reported involving overdoses of sodium phenylbutyrate in patients with urea cycle disorders. High levels of phenylacetate, the active metabolite of phenylbutyric acid, can cause nausea, headache, emesis, fatigue, weakness, lethargy, somnolence, dizziness, slurred speech, memory loss, confusion, and disorientation.L42105
In the event of an overdose, discontinue the drug and institute supportive measures. Hemodialysis or peritoneal dialysis may be beneficial.L386 Animal studies in the scientific literature have demonstrated the embryo-fetal toxicity potential of phenylacetate, the major metabolite of phenylbutyrate.L42105
Phenylbutyric acid is a fatty acid and a derivative of butyric acid naturally produced by colonic bacteria fermentation. It demonstrates a number of cellular and biological effects, such as relieving inflammation and acting as a chemical chaperone.A249035 It is used to treat genetic metabolic syndromes, neuropathies, and urea cycle disorders.L386,L42105
Fitur visualisasi ini dikembangkan menggunakan pendekatan Graph Theory untuk memetakan hubungan polifarmasi dan molekuler. Entitas (Obat, Target, Gen) direpresentasikan sebagai Simpul (Nodes), sedangkan hubungan biologisnya sebagai Sisi (Edges).
drugbank-id dan name pada skema XML DrugBank.targets/target yang memuat polipeptida sasaran.gene-name dan varian snp-effects.Tata letak grafik menggunakan algoritma Force-Directed Graph (Barnes-Hut). Model fisika ini menerapkan gaya tolak-menolak antar simpul (Gravitasi: -3000) agar tidak tumpang tindih, serta gaya pegas (Spring: 0.04) pada garis penghubung untuk fleksibilitas interaksi.
| Brexpiprazole | The metabolism of Brexpiprazole can be decreased when combined with Phenylbutyric acid. |
| Eliglustat | The metabolism of Eliglustat can be decreased when combined with Phenylbutyric acid. |
| Atomoxetine | The metabolism of Atomoxetine can be decreased when combined with Phenylbutyric acid. |
| Probenecid | The serum concentration of the active metabolites of Phenylbutyric acid can be increased when Phenylbutyric acid is used in combination with Probenecid. |
| Ciclesonide | The metabolism of Ciclesonide can be decreased when combined with Phenylbutyric acid. |
| Fluvoxamine | The metabolism of Fluvoxamine can be decreased when combined with Phenylbutyric acid. |
| Amphetamine | The metabolism of Amphetamine can be decreased when combined with Phenylbutyric acid. |
| Cevimeline | The metabolism of Cevimeline can be decreased when combined with Phenylbutyric acid. |
| Esmolol | The metabolism of Esmolol can be decreased when combined with Phenylbutyric acid. |
| Bortezomib | The metabolism of Bortezomib can be decreased when combined with Phenylbutyric acid. |
| Betaxolol | The metabolism of Betaxolol can be decreased when combined with Phenylbutyric acid. |
| Sildenafil | The metabolism of Sildenafil can be decreased when combined with Phenylbutyric acid. |
| Ticlopidine | The metabolism of Ticlopidine can be decreased when combined with Phenylbutyric acid. |
| Citalopram | The metabolism of Citalopram can be decreased when combined with Phenylbutyric acid. |
| Eletriptan | The metabolism of Eletriptan can be decreased when combined with Phenylbutyric acid. |
| Ranolazine | The metabolism of Ranolazine can be decreased when combined with Phenylbutyric acid. |
| Benzatropine | The metabolism of Benzatropine can be decreased when combined with Phenylbutyric acid. |
| Metoprolol | The metabolism of Metoprolol can be decreased when combined with Phenylbutyric acid. |
| Theophylline | The metabolism of Theophylline can be decreased when combined with Phenylbutyric acid. |
| Lidocaine | The metabolism of Lidocaine can be decreased when combined with Phenylbutyric acid. |
| Venlafaxine | The metabolism of Venlafaxine can be decreased when combined with Phenylbutyric acid. |
| Bupivacaine | The metabolism of Bupivacaine can be decreased when combined with Phenylbutyric acid. |
| Acetaminophen | The metabolism of Acetaminophen can be decreased when combined with Phenylbutyric acid. |
| Gefitinib | The metabolism of Gefitinib can be decreased when combined with Phenylbutyric acid. |
| Codeine | The metabolism of Codeine can be decreased when combined with Phenylbutyric acid. |
| Methadone | The metabolism of Methadone can be decreased when combined with Phenylbutyric acid. |
| Olanzapine | The metabolism of Olanzapine can be decreased when combined with Phenylbutyric acid. |
| Atenolol | The metabolism of Atenolol can be decreased when combined with Phenylbutyric acid. |
| Terfenadine | The metabolism of Terfenadine can be decreased when combined with Phenylbutyric acid. |
| Diltiazem | The metabolism of Diltiazem can be decreased when combined with Phenylbutyric acid. |
| Chlorzoxazone | The metabolism of Chlorzoxazone can be decreased when combined with Phenylbutyric acid. |
| Clozapine | The serum concentration of Clozapine can be increased when it is combined with Phenylbutyric acid. |
| Mirtazapine | The metabolism of Mirtazapine can be decreased when combined with Phenylbutyric acid. |
| Palonosetron | The metabolism of Palonosetron can be decreased when combined with Phenylbutyric acid. |
| Mexiletine | The metabolism of Mexiletine can be decreased when combined with Phenylbutyric acid. |
| Progesterone | The metabolism of Progesterone can be decreased when combined with Phenylbutyric acid. |
| Remoxipride | The metabolism of Remoxipride can be decreased when combined with Phenylbutyric acid. |
| Promazine | The metabolism of Promazine can be decreased when combined with Phenylbutyric acid. |
| Zolpidem | The metabolism of Zolpidem can be decreased when combined with Phenylbutyric acid. |
| Prochlorperazine | The metabolism of Prochlorperazine can be decreased when combined with Phenylbutyric acid. |
| Imipramine | The metabolism of Imipramine can be decreased when combined with Phenylbutyric acid. |
| Quinine | The metabolism of Quinine can be decreased when combined with Phenylbutyric acid. |
| Fluoxetine | The metabolism of Fluoxetine can be decreased when combined with Phenylbutyric acid. |
| Duloxetine | The metabolism of Duloxetine can be decreased when combined with Phenylbutyric acid. |
| Chlorpromazine | The metabolism of Chlorpromazine can be decreased when combined with Phenylbutyric acid. |
| Celecoxib | The metabolism of Celecoxib can be decreased when combined with Phenylbutyric acid. |
| Sotalol | The metabolism of Sotalol can be decreased when combined with Phenylbutyric acid. |
| Buspirone | The metabolism of Buspirone can be decreased when combined with Phenylbutyric acid. |
| Darifenacin | The metabolism of Darifenacin can be decreased when combined with Phenylbutyric acid. |
| Oxycodone | The metabolism of Oxycodone can be decreased when combined with Phenylbutyric acid. |
| Ritonavir | The metabolism of Ritonavir can be decreased when combined with Phenylbutyric acid. |
| Dextromethorphan | The metabolism of Dextromethorphan can be decreased when combined with Phenylbutyric acid. |
| Erlotinib | The metabolism of Erlotinib can be decreased when combined with Phenylbutyric acid. |
| Mephenytoin | The metabolism of Mephenytoin can be decreased when combined with Phenylbutyric acid. |
| Nortriptyline | The metabolism of Nortriptyline can be decreased when combined with Phenylbutyric acid. |
| Amoxapine | The metabolism of Amoxapine can be decreased when combined with Phenylbutyric acid. |
| Cinnarizine | The metabolism of Cinnarizine can be decreased when combined with Phenylbutyric acid. |
| Propranolol | The metabolism of Propranolol can be decreased when combined with Phenylbutyric acid. |
| Clonidine | The metabolism of Clonidine can be decreased when combined with Phenylbutyric acid. |
| Lisuride | The metabolism of Lisuride can be decreased when combined with Phenylbutyric acid. |
| Doxazosin | The metabolism of Doxazosin can be decreased when combined with Phenylbutyric acid. |
| Piperazine | The metabolism of Piperazine can be decreased when combined with Phenylbutyric acid. |
| Chloroquine | The metabolism of Chloroquine can be decreased when combined with Phenylbutyric acid. |
| Imatinib | The metabolism of Imatinib can be decreased when combined with Phenylbutyric acid. |
| Astemizole | The metabolism of Astemizole can be decreased when combined with Phenylbutyric acid. |
| Simvastatin | The metabolism of Simvastatin can be decreased when combined with Phenylbutyric acid. |
| Dextropropoxyphene | The metabolism of Dextropropoxyphene can be decreased when combined with Phenylbutyric acid. |
| Trazodone | The metabolism of Trazodone can be decreased when combined with Phenylbutyric acid. |
| Galantamine | The metabolism of Galantamine can be decreased when combined with Phenylbutyric acid. |
| Tamoxifen | The metabolism of Tamoxifen can be decreased when combined with Phenylbutyric acid. |
| Thioridazine | The metabolism of Thioridazine can be decreased when combined with Phenylbutyric acid. |
| Nicergoline | The metabolism of Nicergoline can be decreased when combined with Phenylbutyric acid. |
| Amprenavir | The metabolism of Amprenavir can be decreased when combined with Phenylbutyric acid. |
| Delavirdine | The metabolism of Delavirdine can be decreased when combined with Phenylbutyric acid. |
| Tamsulosin | The metabolism of Tamsulosin can be decreased when combined with Phenylbutyric acid. |
| Paroxetine | The metabolism of Paroxetine can be decreased when combined with Phenylbutyric acid. |
| Trimipramine | The metabolism of Trimipramine can be decreased when combined with Phenylbutyric acid. |
| Nateglinide | The metabolism of Nateglinide can be decreased when combined with Phenylbutyric acid. |
| Risperidone | The metabolism of Risperidone can be decreased when combined with Phenylbutyric acid. |
| Meclizine | The metabolism of Meclizine can be decreased when combined with Phenylbutyric acid. |
| Pentamidine | The metabolism of Pentamidine can be decreased when combined with Phenylbutyric acid. |
| Dolasetron | The metabolism of Dolasetron can be decreased when combined with Phenylbutyric acid. |
| Minaprine | The metabolism of Minaprine can be decreased when combined with Phenylbutyric acid. |
| Donepezil | The metabolism of Donepezil can be decreased when combined with Phenylbutyric acid. |
| Perphenazine | The metabolism of Perphenazine can be decreased when combined with Phenylbutyric acid. |
| Alprenolol | The metabolism of Alprenolol can be decreased when combined with Phenylbutyric acid. |
| Ondansetron | The metabolism of Ondansetron can be decreased when combined with Phenylbutyric acid. |
| Phenformin | The metabolism of Phenformin can be decreased when combined with Phenylbutyric acid. |
| Almotriptan | The metabolism of Almotriptan can be decreased when combined with Phenylbutyric acid. |
| Buprenorphine | The metabolism of Buprenorphine can be decreased when combined with Phenylbutyric acid. |
| Tipranavir | The metabolism of Tipranavir can be decreased when combined with Phenylbutyric acid. |
| Mesoridazine | The metabolism of Mesoridazine can be decreased when combined with Phenylbutyric acid. |
| Maprotiline | The metabolism of Maprotiline can be decreased when combined with Phenylbutyric acid. |
| Hydrocodone | The metabolism of Hydrocodone can be decreased when combined with Phenylbutyric acid. |
| Pindolol | The metabolism of Pindolol can be decreased when combined with Phenylbutyric acid. |
| Azelastine | The metabolism of Azelastine can be decreased when combined with Phenylbutyric acid. |
| Formoterol | The metabolism of Formoterol can be decreased when combined with Phenylbutyric acid. |
| Methoxyflurane | The metabolism of Methoxyflurane can be decreased when combined with Phenylbutyric acid. |
| Procainamide | The metabolism of Procainamide can be decreased when combined with Phenylbutyric acid. |
| Tolterodine | The metabolism of Tolterodine can be decreased when combined with Phenylbutyric acid. |