The major drawback of nonoxynol-9 is its detergent-type action on epithelial cells and the normal vaginal flora. Detergent-type spermicides alter the vaginal flora, possibly leading to an increased risk of opportunistic infections. These are known to enhance the susceptibility of the epithelium of the lower genital tract to HIV and human papillomavirus infection. N-9 can cause vaginal irritation and allergic vaginitis as well as genital irritation in male partners.
Nonoxynol-9 (N-9) is a typical surfactant used as a vaginal spermicide. Spermicides are locally acting non-hormonal contraceptives. When present in the vagina during intercourse, they immobilize/inactivate/damage and/or kill sperms without eliciting systemic effects. N-9 has been in use for more than 30 years as an over-the-counter (OTC) drug in creams, gels, foams and condom lubricants. It is the most commonly used spermicidal contraceptive in the UK and the USA. In several European countries, spermicides are no longer on the market.
Fitur visualisasi ini dikembangkan menggunakan pendekatan Graph Theory untuk memetakan hubungan polifarmasi dan molekuler. Entitas (Obat, Target, Gen) direpresentasikan sebagai Simpul (Nodes), sedangkan hubungan biologisnya sebagai Sisi (Edges).
drugbank-id dan name pada skema XML DrugBank.targets/target yang memuat polipeptida sasaran.gene-name dan varian snp-effects.Tata letak grafik menggunakan algoritma Force-Directed Graph (Barnes-Hut). Model fisika ini menerapkan gaya tolak-menolak antar simpul (Gravitasi: -3000) agar tidak tumpang tindih, serta gaya pegas (Spring: 0.04) pada garis penghubung untuk fleksibilitas interaksi.
| Aprepitant | The serum concentration of Nonoxynol-9 can be decreased when it is combined with Aprepitant. |
| Thalidomide | Nonoxynol-9 may increase the thrombogenic activities of Thalidomide. |
| Tranexamic acid | Tranexamic acid may increase the thrombogenic activities of Nonoxynol-9. |
| Lorazepam | The metabolism of Nonoxynol-9 can be increased when combined with Lorazepam. |
| Pregabalin | The metabolism of Nonoxynol-9 can be increased when combined with Pregabalin. |
| Butalbital | The metabolism of Nonoxynol-9 can be increased when combined with Butalbital. |
| Phenytoin | The metabolism of Nonoxynol-9 can be increased when combined with Phenytoin. |
| Topiramate | The metabolism of Nonoxynol-9 can be increased when combined with Topiramate. |
| Pentobarbital | The metabolism of Nonoxynol-9 can be increased when combined with Pentobarbital. |
| Valproic acid | The metabolism of Nonoxynol-9 can be increased when combined with Valproic acid. |
| Trimethadione | The metabolism of Nonoxynol-9 can be increased when combined with Trimethadione. |
| Clobazam | The metabolism of Nonoxynol-9 can be increased when combined with Clobazam. |
| Secobarbital | The metabolism of Nonoxynol-9 can be increased when combined with Secobarbital. |
| Metharbital | The metabolism of Nonoxynol-9 can be increased when combined with Metharbital. |
| Methohexital | The metabolism of Nonoxynol-9 can be increased when combined with Methohexital. |
| Mephenytoin | The metabolism of Nonoxynol-9 can be increased when combined with Mephenytoin. |
| Lamotrigine | The metabolism of Nonoxynol-9 can be increased when combined with Lamotrigine. |
| Carbamazepine | The metabolism of Nonoxynol-9 can be increased when combined with Carbamazepine. |
| Ethosuximide | The metabolism of Nonoxynol-9 can be increased when combined with Ethosuximide. |
| Thiopental | The metabolism of Nonoxynol-9 can be increased when combined with Thiopental. |
| Paramethadione | The metabolism of Nonoxynol-9 can be increased when combined with Paramethadione. |
| Clorazepic acid | The metabolism of Nonoxynol-9 can be increased when combined with Clorazepic acid. |
| Magnesium sulfate | The metabolism of Nonoxynol-9 can be increased when combined with Magnesium sulfate. |
| Tizanidine | The metabolism of Nonoxynol-9 can be increased when combined with Tizanidine. |
| Riluzole | The metabolism of Nonoxynol-9 can be increased when combined with Riluzole. |
| Ethotoin | The metabolism of Nonoxynol-9 can be increased when combined with Ethotoin. |
| Oxcarbazepine | The metabolism of Nonoxynol-9 can be increased when combined with Oxcarbazepine. |
| Primidone | The metabolism of Nonoxynol-9 can be increased when combined with Primidone. |
| Acetazolamide | The metabolism of Nonoxynol-9 can be increased when combined with Acetazolamide. |
| Diazepam | The metabolism of Nonoxynol-9 can be increased when combined with Diazepam. |
| Phensuximide | The metabolism of Nonoxynol-9 can be increased when combined with Phensuximide. |
| Progabide | The metabolism of Nonoxynol-9 can be increased when combined with Progabide. |
| Methylphenobarbital | The metabolism of Nonoxynol-9 can be increased when combined with Methylphenobarbital. |
| Tiagabine | The metabolism of Nonoxynol-9 can be increased when combined with Tiagabine. |
| Zonisamide | The metabolism of Nonoxynol-9 can be increased when combined with Zonisamide. |
| Felbamate | The metabolism of Nonoxynol-9 can be increased when combined with Felbamate. |
| Zaleplon | The metabolism of Nonoxynol-9 can be increased when combined with Zaleplon. |
| Gabapentin | The metabolism of Nonoxynol-9 can be increased when combined with Gabapentin. |
| Clonazepam | The metabolism of Nonoxynol-9 can be increased when combined with Clonazepam. |
| Vigabatrin | The metabolism of Nonoxynol-9 can be increased when combined with Vigabatrin. |
| Phenacemide | The metabolism of Nonoxynol-9 can be increased when combined with Phenacemide. |
| Thiamylal | The metabolism of Nonoxynol-9 can be increased when combined with Thiamylal. |
| Phenobarbital | The metabolism of Nonoxynol-9 can be increased when combined with Phenobarbital. |
| Levetiracetam | The metabolism of Nonoxynol-9 can be increased when combined with Levetiracetam. |
| Estazolam | The metabolism of Nonoxynol-9 can be increased when combined with Estazolam. |
| Fosphenytoin | The metabolism of Nonoxynol-9 can be increased when combined with Fosphenytoin. |
| Amobarbital | The metabolism of Nonoxynol-9 can be increased when combined with Amobarbital. |
| Hexobarbital | The metabolism of Nonoxynol-9 can be increased when combined with Hexobarbital. |
| Barbital | The metabolism of Nonoxynol-9 can be increased when combined with Barbital. |
| Delorazepam | The metabolism of Nonoxynol-9 can be increased when combined with Delorazepam. |
| Nitrazepam | The metabolism of Nonoxynol-9 can be increased when combined with Nitrazepam. |
| 7-Nitroindazole | The metabolism of Nonoxynol-9 can be increased when combined with 7-Nitroindazole. |
| Valpromide | The metabolism of Nonoxynol-9 can be increased when combined with Valpromide. |
| Flunarizine | The metabolism of Nonoxynol-9 can be increased when combined with Flunarizine. |
| Ezogabine | The metabolism of Nonoxynol-9 can be increased when combined with Ezogabine. |
| Methsuximide | The metabolism of Nonoxynol-9 can be increased when combined with Methsuximide. |
| Brivaracetam | The metabolism of Nonoxynol-9 can be increased when combined with Brivaracetam. |
| Rufinamide | The metabolism of Nonoxynol-9 can be increased when combined with Rufinamide. |
| Lacosamide | The metabolism of Nonoxynol-9 can be increased when combined with Lacosamide. |
| Remacemide | The metabolism of Nonoxynol-9 can be increased when combined with Remacemide. |
| Clomethiazole | The metabolism of Nonoxynol-9 can be increased when combined with Clomethiazole. |
| Deramciclane | The metabolism of Nonoxynol-9 can be increased when combined with Deramciclane. |
| Tramiprosate | The metabolism of Nonoxynol-9 can be increased when combined with Tramiprosate. |
| Gaboxadol | The metabolism of Nonoxynol-9 can be increased when combined with Gaboxadol. |
| Sulthiame | The metabolism of Nonoxynol-9 can be increased when combined with Sulthiame. |
| Perampanel | The metabolism of Nonoxynol-9 can be increased when combined with Perampanel. |
| Ifenprodil | The metabolism of Nonoxynol-9 can be increased when combined with Ifenprodil. |
| Barbexaclone | The metabolism of Nonoxynol-9 can be increased when combined with Barbexaclone. |
| Beclamide | The metabolism of Nonoxynol-9 can be increased when combined with Beclamide. |
| Cannabidiol | The metabolism of Nonoxynol-9 can be increased when combined with Cannabidiol. |
| Paraldehyde | The metabolism of Nonoxynol-9 can be increased when combined with Paraldehyde. |
| Stiripentol | The metabolism of Nonoxynol-9 can be increased when combined with Stiripentol. |
| Eslicarbazepine acetate | The metabolism of Nonoxynol-9 can be increased when combined with Eslicarbazepine acetate. |
| Doramectin | The metabolism of Nonoxynol-9 can be increased when combined with Doramectin. |
| Tiletamine | The metabolism of Nonoxynol-9 can be increased when combined with Tiletamine. |
| Brexanolone | The metabolism of Nonoxynol-9 can be increased when combined with Brexanolone. |
| Etiracetam | The metabolism of Nonoxynol-9 can be increased when combined with Etiracetam. |
| Vinpocetine | The metabolism of Nonoxynol-9 can be increased when combined with Vinpocetine. |
| Carisbamate | The metabolism of Nonoxynol-9 can be increased when combined with Carisbamate. |
| Pheneturide | The metabolism of Nonoxynol-9 can be increased when combined with Pheneturide. |
| Neocitrullamon | The metabolism of Nonoxynol-9 can be increased when combined with Neocitrullamon. |
| Medazepam | The metabolism of Nonoxynol-9 can be increased when combined with Medazepam. |
| Phenibut | The metabolism of Nonoxynol-9 can be increased when combined with Phenibut. |
| Ethadione | The metabolism of Nonoxynol-9 can be increased when combined with Ethadione. |
| Cannabidivarin | The metabolism of Nonoxynol-9 can be increased when combined with Cannabidivarin. |
| Eslicarbazepine | The metabolism of Nonoxynol-9 can be increased when combined with Eslicarbazepine. |
| JNJ-26489112 | The metabolism of Nonoxynol-9 can be increased when combined with JNJ-26489112. |
| Cenobamate | The metabolism of Nonoxynol-9 can be increased when combined with Cenobamate. |
| St. John's Wort | The metabolism of Nonoxynol-9 can be increased when combined with St. John's Wort. |
| Glimepiride | The therapeutic efficacy of Glimepiride can be decreased when used in combination with Nonoxynol-9. |
| Acetohexamide | The therapeutic efficacy of Acetohexamide can be decreased when used in combination with Nonoxynol-9. |
| Chlorpropamide | The therapeutic efficacy of Chlorpropamide can be decreased when used in combination with Nonoxynol-9. |
| Tolazamide | The therapeutic efficacy of Tolazamide can be decreased when used in combination with Nonoxynol-9. |
| Glyburide | The therapeutic efficacy of Glyburide can be decreased when used in combination with Nonoxynol-9. |
| Glipizide | The therapeutic efficacy of Glipizide can be decreased when used in combination with Nonoxynol-9. |
| Gliclazide | The therapeutic efficacy of Gliclazide can be decreased when used in combination with Nonoxynol-9. |
| Tolbutamide | The therapeutic efficacy of Tolbutamide can be decreased when used in combination with Nonoxynol-9. |
| Gliquidone | The therapeutic efficacy of Gliquidone can be decreased when used in combination with Nonoxynol-9. |
| Glisoxepide | The therapeutic efficacy of Glisoxepide can be decreased when used in combination with Nonoxynol-9. |
| Glibornuride | The therapeutic efficacy of Glibornuride can be decreased when used in combination with Nonoxynol-9. |