Peringatan Keamanan

Mild cases of hypokalemia have been reported as prussian blue may bind other electrolytes found in the gastrointestinal tract. Gastrointestinal symptoms include abdominal pain or distension. Constipation may occur resulting in further decreased gastrointestinal motility and increased reabsorption and exposure time to radioisotopes, but may may be treated with a fiber based laxative and/or a high fiber diet. Oral dose that results in acute toxicity in mouse, rat and rabbit is >8000mg/kg. Based on reported adverse events and mechanism of action, possible overdose symptoms may include obstipation, obstruction, or severe decrease in electrolytes.

Prussian blue

DB06783

small molecule approved

Deskripsi

Prussian blue is described as a deep blue pigment that is produced when the oxidation of ferrous ferrocyanide salts occurs. It contains ferric hexacyanoferrate(II) in a cubic lattice crystal structure. It is insoluble in water but also tends to form a colloid thus can exist in either colloidal or water-soluble form, and an insoluble form. It is orally administered for clinical purposes to be used as an antidote for certain kinds of heavy metal poisoning, such as thallium and radioactive isotopes of caesium. Prussian blue is included in the World Health Organization Model List of Essential Medicines as a specific antidote used in poisonings to provide symptomatic and supportive treatment. It was also administered in individuals exposed to 137-Cs+ during Goiânia accident, one of the worst radioactive contamination incidents that occured in Brazil, 1983.

Struktur Molekul 2D

Berat 859.239
Wujud solid

Peta Jejaring Molekuler
Legenda: Obat • Target • Gen • Enzim • (Panah → menunjukkan arah efek / relasi) • Transporter • Carrier

Profil Farmakokinetik

Waktu Paruh (Half-Life) -
Volume Distribusi Histopathological examination of different organs showed no deposits of prussian blue after oral administration of insoluble prussian blue [L807].
Klirens (Clearance) The clearance from the body depends on the gastrointestinal tract transit time [L807].

Absorpsi

It is poorly or not absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract walls after oral ingestion. Systemic absorption is assumed to be insignificant, with minimal release of cyanide from the complex. A small amount (approximately 2%) of the hexacyanoferrate ion was absorbed after oral ingestion of prussian blue but with no signs of decomposition. Prussian blue is not systemically bioavailable L807.

Metabolisme

No evidence of decomposition after oral ingestion A19548. Prussian blue does not undergo hepatic metabolism; use of the drug is not contraindicated in patients with hepatic impairment L807.

Rute Eliminasi

It predominantly depends on fecal excretion, and does not depend on renal elimination. Based on animal data, 99% of a single dose of 40 mg of labeled insoluble Prussian blue was excreted unchanged in feces L807.

Interaksi Obat

126 Data
Dimercaprol Dimercaprol may increase the nephrotoxic activities of Prussian blue.
Cefdinir Prussian blue can cause a decrease in the absorption of Cefdinir resulting in a reduced serum concentration and potentially a decrease in efficacy.
Deferiprone The serum concentration of Deferiprone can be decreased when it is combined with Prussian blue.
Dolutegravir Prussian blue can cause a decrease in the absorption of Dolutegravir resulting in a reduced serum concentration and potentially a decrease in efficacy.
Eltrombopag Prussian blue can cause a decrease in the absorption of Eltrombopag resulting in a reduced serum concentration and potentially a decrease in efficacy.
Levodopa The bioavailability of Levodopa can be decreased when combined with Prussian blue.
Levothyroxine Prussian blue can cause a decrease in the absorption of Levothyroxine resulting in a reduced serum concentration and potentially a decrease in efficacy.
Methyldopa Prussian blue can cause a decrease in the absorption of Methyldopa resulting in a reduced serum concentration and potentially a decrease in efficacy.
Penicillamine Prussian blue can cause a decrease in the absorption of Penicillamine resulting in a reduced serum concentration and potentially a decrease in efficacy.
Lipoic acid Prussian blue can cause a decrease in the absorption of Lipoic acid resulting in a reduced serum concentration and potentially a decrease in efficacy.
Moxifloxacin Prussian blue can cause a decrease in the absorption of Moxifloxacin resulting in a reduced serum concentration and potentially a decrease in efficacy.
Grepafloxacin Prussian blue can cause a decrease in the absorption of Grepafloxacin resulting in a reduced serum concentration and potentially a decrease in efficacy.
Enoxacin Prussian blue can cause a decrease in the absorption of Enoxacin resulting in a reduced serum concentration and potentially a decrease in efficacy.
Pefloxacin Prussian blue can cause a decrease in the absorption of Pefloxacin resulting in a reduced serum concentration and potentially a decrease in efficacy.
Ciprofloxacin Prussian blue can cause a decrease in the absorption of Ciprofloxacin resulting in a reduced serum concentration and potentially a decrease in efficacy.
Trovafloxacin Prussian blue can cause a decrease in the absorption of Trovafloxacin resulting in a reduced serum concentration and potentially a decrease in efficacy.
Nalidixic acid Prussian blue can cause a decrease in the absorption of Nalidixic acid resulting in a reduced serum concentration and potentially a decrease in efficacy.
Rosoxacin Prussian blue can cause a decrease in the absorption of Rosoxacin resulting in a reduced serum concentration and potentially a decrease in efficacy.
Cinoxacin Prussian blue can cause a decrease in the absorption of Cinoxacin resulting in a reduced serum concentration and potentially a decrease in efficacy.
Lomefloxacin Prussian blue can cause a decrease in the absorption of Lomefloxacin resulting in a reduced serum concentration and potentially a decrease in efficacy.
Gatifloxacin Prussian blue can cause a decrease in the absorption of Gatifloxacin resulting in a reduced serum concentration and potentially a decrease in efficacy.
Norfloxacin Prussian blue can cause a decrease in the absorption of Norfloxacin resulting in a reduced serum concentration and potentially a decrease in efficacy.
Levofloxacin Prussian blue can cause a decrease in the absorption of Levofloxacin resulting in a reduced serum concentration and potentially a decrease in efficacy.
Gemifloxacin Prussian blue can cause a decrease in the absorption of Gemifloxacin resulting in a reduced serum concentration and potentially a decrease in efficacy.
Ofloxacin Prussian blue can cause a decrease in the absorption of Ofloxacin resulting in a reduced serum concentration and potentially a decrease in efficacy.
Sparfloxacin Prussian blue can cause a decrease in the absorption of Sparfloxacin resulting in a reduced serum concentration and potentially a decrease in efficacy.
Temafloxacin Prussian blue can cause a decrease in the absorption of Temafloxacin resulting in a reduced serum concentration and potentially a decrease in efficacy.
Fleroxacin Prussian blue can cause a decrease in the absorption of Fleroxacin resulting in a reduced serum concentration and potentially a decrease in efficacy.
Technetium Tc-99m ciprofloxacin Prussian blue can cause a decrease in the absorption of Technetium Tc-99m ciprofloxacin resulting in a reduced serum concentration and potentially a decrease in efficacy.
Garenoxacin Prussian blue can cause a decrease in the absorption of Garenoxacin resulting in a reduced serum concentration and potentially a decrease in efficacy.
Nemonoxacin Prussian blue can cause a decrease in the absorption of Nemonoxacin resulting in a reduced serum concentration and potentially a decrease in efficacy.
Flumequine Prussian blue can cause a decrease in the absorption of Flumequine resulting in a reduced serum concentration and potentially a decrease in efficacy.
Enrofloxacin Prussian blue can cause a decrease in the absorption of Enrofloxacin resulting in a reduced serum concentration and potentially a decrease in efficacy.
Orbifloxacin Prussian blue can cause a decrease in the absorption of Orbifloxacin resulting in a reduced serum concentration and potentially a decrease in efficacy.
Sarafloxacin Prussian blue can cause a decrease in the absorption of Sarafloxacin resulting in a reduced serum concentration and potentially a decrease in efficacy.
Difloxacin Prussian blue can cause a decrease in the absorption of Difloxacin resulting in a reduced serum concentration and potentially a decrease in efficacy.
Pazufloxacin Prussian blue can cause a decrease in the absorption of Pazufloxacin resulting in a reduced serum concentration and potentially a decrease in efficacy.
Prulifloxacin Prussian blue can cause a decrease in the absorption of Prulifloxacin resulting in a reduced serum concentration and potentially a decrease in efficacy.
Delafloxacin Prussian blue can cause a decrease in the absorption of Delafloxacin resulting in a reduced serum concentration and potentially a decrease in efficacy.
Sitafloxacin Prussian blue can cause a decrease in the absorption of Sitafloxacin resulting in a reduced serum concentration and potentially a decrease in efficacy.
Oxolinic acid Prussian blue can cause a decrease in the absorption of Oxolinic acid resulting in a reduced serum concentration and potentially a decrease in efficacy.
Rufloxacin Prussian blue can cause a decrease in the absorption of Rufloxacin resulting in a reduced serum concentration and potentially a decrease in efficacy.
Pipemidic acid Prussian blue can cause a decrease in the absorption of Pipemidic acid resulting in a reduced serum concentration and potentially a decrease in efficacy.
Doxycycline Doxycycline can cause a decrease in the absorption of Prussian blue resulting in a reduced serum concentration and potentially a decrease in efficacy.
Lymecycline Lymecycline can cause a decrease in the absorption of Prussian blue resulting in a reduced serum concentration and potentially a decrease in efficacy.
Clomocycline Clomocycline can cause a decrease in the absorption of Prussian blue resulting in a reduced serum concentration and potentially a decrease in efficacy.
Oxytetracycline Oxytetracycline can cause a decrease in the absorption of Prussian blue resulting in a reduced serum concentration and potentially a decrease in efficacy.
Demeclocycline Demeclocycline can cause a decrease in the absorption of Prussian blue resulting in a reduced serum concentration and potentially a decrease in efficacy.
Tetracycline Tetracycline can cause a decrease in the absorption of Prussian blue resulting in a reduced serum concentration and potentially a decrease in efficacy.
Metacycline Metacycline can cause a decrease in the absorption of Prussian blue resulting in a reduced serum concentration and potentially a decrease in efficacy.
Minocycline Minocycline can cause a decrease in the absorption of Prussian blue resulting in a reduced serum concentration and potentially a decrease in efficacy.
Sarecycline Sarecycline can cause a decrease in the absorption of Prussian blue resulting in a reduced serum concentration and potentially a decrease in efficacy.
Omadacycline Omadacycline can cause a decrease in the absorption of Prussian blue resulting in a reduced serum concentration and potentially a decrease in efficacy.
Penimepicycline Penimepicycline can cause a decrease in the absorption of Prussian blue resulting in a reduced serum concentration and potentially a decrease in efficacy.
Triethylenetetramine Triethylenetetramine can cause a decrease in the absorption of Prussian blue resulting in a reduced serum concentration and potentially a decrease in efficacy.
Pancrelipase Pancrelipase can cause a decrease in the absorption of Prussian blue resulting in a reduced serum concentration and potentially a decrease in efficacy.
Magnesium oxide Magnesium oxide can cause a decrease in the absorption of Prussian blue resulting in a reduced serum concentration and potentially a decrease in efficacy.
Sodium bicarbonate Sodium bicarbonate can cause a decrease in the absorption of Prussian blue resulting in a reduced serum concentration and potentially a decrease in efficacy.
Aluminum hydroxide Aluminum hydroxide can cause a decrease in the absorption of Prussian blue resulting in a reduced serum concentration and potentially a decrease in efficacy.
Calcium carbonate Calcium carbonate can cause a decrease in the absorption of Prussian blue resulting in a reduced serum concentration and potentially a decrease in efficacy.
Magaldrate Magaldrate can cause a decrease in the absorption of Prussian blue resulting in a reduced serum concentration and potentially a decrease in efficacy.
Magnesium hydroxide Magnesium hydroxide can cause a decrease in the absorption of Prussian blue resulting in a reduced serum concentration and potentially a decrease in efficacy.
Magnesium trisilicate Magnesium trisilicate can cause a decrease in the absorption of Prussian blue resulting in a reduced serum concentration and potentially a decrease in efficacy.
Magnesium carbonate Magnesium carbonate can cause a decrease in the absorption of Prussian blue resulting in a reduced serum concentration and potentially a decrease in efficacy.
Magnesium silicate Magnesium silicate can cause a decrease in the absorption of Prussian blue resulting in a reduced serum concentration and potentially a decrease in efficacy.
Aluminium acetoacetate Aluminium acetoacetate can cause a decrease in the absorption of Prussian blue resulting in a reduced serum concentration and potentially a decrease in efficacy.
Hydrotalcite Hydrotalcite can cause a decrease in the absorption of Prussian blue resulting in a reduced serum concentration and potentially a decrease in efficacy.
Magnesium peroxide Magnesium peroxide can cause a decrease in the absorption of Prussian blue resulting in a reduced serum concentration and potentially a decrease in efficacy.
Almasilate Almasilate can cause a decrease in the absorption of Prussian blue resulting in a reduced serum concentration and potentially a decrease in efficacy.
Aluminium glycinate Aluminium glycinate can cause a decrease in the absorption of Prussian blue resulting in a reduced serum concentration and potentially a decrease in efficacy.
Aloglutamol Aloglutamol can cause a decrease in the absorption of Prussian blue resulting in a reduced serum concentration and potentially a decrease in efficacy.
Calcium silicate Calcium silicate can cause a decrease in the absorption of Prussian blue resulting in a reduced serum concentration and potentially a decrease in efficacy.
Aluminium phosphate Aluminium phosphate can cause a decrease in the absorption of Prussian blue resulting in a reduced serum concentration and potentially a decrease in efficacy.
Pantoprazole Pantoprazole can cause a decrease in the absorption of Prussian blue resulting in a reduced serum concentration and potentially a decrease in efficacy.
Lansoprazole Lansoprazole can cause a decrease in the absorption of Prussian blue resulting in a reduced serum concentration and potentially a decrease in efficacy.
Esomeprazole Esomeprazole can cause a decrease in the absorption of Prussian blue resulting in a reduced serum concentration and potentially a decrease in efficacy.
Rabeprazole Rabeprazole can cause a decrease in the absorption of Prussian blue resulting in a reduced serum concentration and potentially a decrease in efficacy.
Dexlansoprazole Dexlansoprazole can cause a decrease in the absorption of Prussian blue resulting in a reduced serum concentration and potentially a decrease in efficacy.
Dexrabeprazole Dexrabeprazole can cause a decrease in the absorption of Prussian blue resulting in a reduced serum concentration and potentially a decrease in efficacy.
Sodium zirconium cyclosilicate Sodium zirconium cyclosilicate can cause a decrease in the absorption of Prussian blue resulting in a reduced serum concentration and potentially a decrease in efficacy.
Vonoprazan Vonoprazan can cause a decrease in the absorption of Prussian blue resulting in a reduced serum concentration and potentially a decrease in efficacy.
Olanzapine Olanzapine can cause a decrease in the absorption of Prussian blue resulting in a reduced serum concentration and potentially a decrease in efficacy.
Cimetidine Cimetidine can cause a decrease in the absorption of Prussian blue resulting in a reduced serum concentration and potentially a decrease in efficacy.
Nizatidine Nizatidine can cause a decrease in the absorption of Prussian blue resulting in a reduced serum concentration and potentially a decrease in efficacy.
Ranitidine Ranitidine can cause a decrease in the absorption of Prussian blue resulting in a reduced serum concentration and potentially a decrease in efficacy.
Famotidine Famotidine can cause a decrease in the absorption of Prussian blue resulting in a reduced serum concentration and potentially a decrease in efficacy.
Methantheline Methantheline can cause a decrease in the absorption of Prussian blue resulting in a reduced serum concentration and potentially a decrease in efficacy.
Promethazine Promethazine can cause a decrease in the absorption of Prussian blue resulting in a reduced serum concentration and potentially a decrease in efficacy.
Doxepin Doxepin can cause a decrease in the absorption of Prussian blue resulting in a reduced serum concentration and potentially a decrease in efficacy.
Asenapine Asenapine can cause a decrease in the absorption of Prussian blue resulting in a reduced serum concentration and potentially a decrease in efficacy.
Metiamide Metiamide can cause a decrease in the absorption of Prussian blue resulting in a reduced serum concentration and potentially a decrease in efficacy.
Roxatidine acetate Roxatidine acetate can cause a decrease in the absorption of Prussian blue resulting in a reduced serum concentration and potentially a decrease in efficacy.
Lafutidine Lafutidine can cause a decrease in the absorption of Prussian blue resulting in a reduced serum concentration and potentially a decrease in efficacy.
Lavoltidine Lavoltidine can cause a decrease in the absorption of Prussian blue resulting in a reduced serum concentration and potentially a decrease in efficacy.
Niperotidine Niperotidine can cause a decrease in the absorption of Prussian blue resulting in a reduced serum concentration and potentially a decrease in efficacy.
Epinastine Epinastine can cause a decrease in the absorption of Prussian blue resulting in a reduced serum concentration and potentially a decrease in efficacy.
Pamidronic acid Prussian blue can cause a decrease in the absorption of Pamidronic acid resulting in a reduced serum concentration and potentially a decrease in efficacy.
Zoledronic acid Prussian blue can cause a decrease in the absorption of Zoledronic acid resulting in a reduced serum concentration and potentially a decrease in efficacy.
Alendronic acid Prussian blue can cause a decrease in the absorption of Alendronic acid resulting in a reduced serum concentration and potentially a decrease in efficacy.
Ibandronate Prussian blue can cause a decrease in the absorption of Ibandronate resulting in a reduced serum concentration and potentially a decrease in efficacy.

Referensi & Sumber

Artikel (PubMed)
  • PMID: 14579545
    Hoffman RS: Thallium toxicity and the role of Prussian blue in therapy. Toxicol Rev. 2003;22(1):29-40.
  • PMID: 9120885
    Meggs WJ, Cahill-Morasco R, Shih RD, Goldfrank LR, Hoffman RS: Effects of Prussian blue and N-acetylcysteine on thallium toxicity in mice. J Toxicol Clin Toxicol. 1997;35(2):163-6.
  • PMID: 15252192
    Thompson DF, Callen ED: Soluble or insoluble prussian blue for radiocesium and thallium poisoning? Ann Pharmacother. 2004 Sep;38(9):1509-14. Epub 2004 Jul 13.
  • PMID: 11714209
    Thompson DF, Church CO: Prussian blue for treatment of radiocesium poisoning. Pharmacotherapy. 2001 Nov;21(11):1364-7.
  • PMID: 8254698
    Dresow B, Nielsen P, Fischer R, Pfau AA, Heinrich HH: In vivo binding of radiocesium by two forms of Prussian blue and by ammonium iron hexacyanoferrate (II). J Toxicol Clin Toxicol. 1993;31(4):563-9.
  • PMID: 28344255
    Jang SC, Hong SB, Yang HM, Lee KW, Moon JK, Seo BK, Huh YS, Roh C: Removal of Radioactive Cesium Using Prussian Blue Magnetic Nanoparticles. Nanomaterials (Basel). 2014 Nov 28;4(4):894-901. doi: 10.3390/nano4040894.
  • PMID: 8045465
    Pearce J: Studies of any toxicological effects of Prussian blue compounds in mammals--a review. Food Chem Toxicol. 1994 Jun;32(6):577-82.

Contoh Produk & Brand

Produk: 1 • International brands: 0
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