Peringatan Keamanan

The median lethal dose of chymopapain in mice is registered to be 82 mg/kg and the toxicity mechanism was caused by hemorrhage due to the destruction of the cement substance in the blood vessels. When administered in an overdosage, chymopapain was able to nearly completely dissolve the nucleus pulposus and cause the disruption of the annulus fibrosus.^A32706

Chymopapain

DB06752

biotech approved withdrawn

Deskripsi

Chymopapain was first isolated in 1941 from the crude latex derived from the fruit of Carica papaya by squeezing the green papaya while on the plant prior to harvest.^L2482It is an extracellular plant cysteine proteinase similar to papain in specificity.^A32688 Chymopapain was developed by Chart Medcl and FDA approved on November 10, 1982. It is currently discontinued.^L2487

Struktur Molekul 2D

Struktur tidak tersedia

Peta Jejaring Molekuler

Obat Target Gen Interaksi Enzim Transporter Carrier

Legenda: Obat • Target • Gen • Enzim • (Panah → menunjukkan arah efek / relasi) • Transporter • Carrier

1. Pendahuluan & Konsep

Fitur visualisasi ini dikembangkan menggunakan pendekatan Graph Theory untuk memetakan hubungan polifarmasi dan molekuler. Entitas (Obat, Target, Gen) direpresentasikan sebagai Simpul (Nodes), sedangkan hubungan biologisnya sebagai Sisi (Edges).

2. Sumber Data (Validasi)

Data Obat: Diekstraksi dari elemen drugbank-id dan name pada skema XML DrugBank.
Target Protein: Diambil dari elemen targets/target yang memuat polipeptida sasaran.
Genetik: Disinkronisasi dari sub-elemen gene-name dan varian snp-effects.
Genetik: Jumlah titik node dibatasi pada maksimal 10 (Slice=10) interaksi untuk menghindari tumpukan data.

3. Algoritma Visualisasi

Tata letak grafik menggunakan algoritma Force-Directed Graph (Barnes-Hut). Model fisika ini menerapkan gaya tolak-menolak antar simpul (Gravitasi: -3000) agar tidak tumpang tindih, serta gaya pegas (Spring: 0.04) pada garis penghubung untuk fleksibilitas interaksi.

4. Legenda Visual

Obat Utama (Pusat Analisis)

Target Protein (Mekanisme)

Gen (Faktor Genetik)

Metode ini mendukung analisis Precision Medicine dan evaluasi risiko Drug-Drug Interaction (DDI).

Profil Farmakokinetik

Waktu Paruh (Half-Life) Following intra-discal injection, the level of chymopapain decreases gradually and presents a half-life of 2-3 days. The half-life for urinary excretion is reported to be of about 3 days.[A32704]

Volume Distribusi -

Klirens (Clearance) -

Absorpsi

Data absorpsi tidak tersedia.

Metabolisme

Data metabolisme tidak tersedia.

Rute Eliminasi

Data eliminasi belum tersedia.

Interaksi Obat

0 Data

Tidak ada data.

Target Protein

Bone marrow proteoglycan PRG2

Referensi & Sumber

Artikel (PubMed)

PMID: 20424870
Henschke N, Kuijpers T, Rubinstein SM, van Middelkoop M, Ostelo R, Verhagen A, Koes BW, van Tulder MW: Injection therapy and denervation procedures for chronic low-back pain: a systematic review. Eur Spine J. 2010 Sep;19(9):1425-49. doi: 10.1007/s00586-010-1411-0. Epub 2010 Apr 29.
PMID: 13888995
EBATA M, YASUNOBU KT: Chymopapain. I. Isolation, crystallization, and preliminary characterization. J Biol Chem. 1962 Apr;237:1086-94.
PMID: 3729572
Jenner JR, Buttle DJ, Dixon AK: Mechanism of action of intradiscal chymopapain in the treatment of sciatica: a clinical, biochemical, and radiological study. Ann Rheum Dis. 1986 Jun;45(6):441-9.
PMID: 15815870
Kawano K, Tajima N, Hashida S, Ishikawa E: Study of blood metabolism and urinary excretion of chymopapain following intradiscal injection using a high-sensitivity enzyme immunoassay. J Orthop Sci. 2005;10(2):206-13. doi: 10.1007/s00776-004-0872-6.
PMID: 6376060
Simmons JW, Upman PJ, Stavinoha WB: Pharmacologic and toxicologic profile of chymopapain B (Chemolase). Drug Chem Toxicol. 1984;7(3):299-314. doi: 10.3109/01480548409035110.

Link

Contoh Produk & Brand

Produk: 1 • International brands: 0

Produk

Chymodiactin Injection - 4 Nkat Units/2ml

Powder, for solution • 4 unit / vial • Intradiscal • Canada • Approved

Sekuens Gen/Protein (FASTA)

Sekuens dimuat saat dibutuhkan agar halaman tetap ringan.