Sparteine is a plant alkaloid derived from Cytisus scoparius and Lupinus mutabilis which may chelate calcium and magnesium. It is a sodium channel blocker, so it falls in the category of class 1a antiarrhythmic agents. Sparteine is not currently FDA-approved for human use, and its salt, sparteine sulfate, is one of the products that have been withdrawn or removed from the market for reasons of safety or effectiveness.L43942
Fitur visualisasi ini dikembangkan menggunakan pendekatan Graph Theory untuk memetakan hubungan polifarmasi dan molekuler. Entitas (Obat, Target, Gen) direpresentasikan sebagai Simpul (Nodes), sedangkan hubungan biologisnya sebagai Sisi (Edges).
drugbank-id dan name pada skema XML DrugBank.targets/target yang memuat polipeptida sasaran.gene-name dan varian snp-effects.Tata letak grafik menggunakan algoritma Force-Directed Graph (Barnes-Hut). Model fisika ini menerapkan gaya tolak-menolak antar simpul (Gravitasi: -3000) agar tidak tumpang tindih, serta gaya pegas (Spring: 0.04) pada garis penghubung untuk fleksibilitas interaksi.
| Amiodarone | Amiodarone may increase the QTc-prolonging activities of Sparteine. |
| Fingolimod | Fingolimod may increase the arrhythmogenic activities of Sparteine. |
| Propafenone | Propafenone may increase the arrhythmogenic activities of Sparteine. |
| Atomoxetine | The metabolism of Atomoxetine can be decreased when combined with Sparteine. |
| Mirabegron | The serum concentration of Sparteine can be increased when it is combined with Mirabegron. |
| Dofetilide | Dofetilide may increase the arrhythmogenic activities of Sparteine. |
| Isradipine | Isradipine may increase the arrhythmogenic activities of Sparteine. |
| Disopyramide | Disopyramide may increase the arrhythmogenic activities of Sparteine. |
| Ibutilide | Ibutilide may increase the arrhythmogenic activities of Sparteine. |
| Trimethadione | Trimethadione may increase the arrhythmogenic activities of Sparteine. |
| Digoxin | Digoxin may increase the arrhythmogenic activities of Sparteine. |
| Nimodipine | Nimodipine may increase the arrhythmogenic activities of Sparteine. |
| Nisoldipine | Nisoldipine may increase the arrhythmogenic activities of Sparteine. |
| Hyoscyamine | Hyoscyamine may increase the arrhythmogenic activities of Sparteine. |
| Acetyldigitoxin | Acetyldigitoxin may increase the arrhythmogenic activities of Sparteine. |
| Lamotrigine | Lamotrigine may increase the arrhythmogenic activities of Sparteine. |
| Atropine | Atropine may increase the arrhythmogenic activities of Sparteine. |
| Ethosuximide | Ethosuximide may increase the arrhythmogenic activities of Sparteine. |
| Adenosine | Adenosine may increase the arrhythmogenic activities of Sparteine. |
| Magnesium sulfate | Magnesium sulfate may increase the arrhythmogenic activities of Sparteine. |
| Losartan | Losartan may increase the arrhythmogenic activities of Sparteine. |
| Moricizine | Moricizine may increase the arrhythmogenic activities of Sparteine. |
| Levomenthol | Levomenthol may increase the arrhythmogenic activities of Sparteine. |
| Zonisamide | Zonisamide may increase the arrhythmogenic activities of Sparteine. |
| Levosimendan | Levosimendan may increase the arrhythmogenic activities of Sparteine. |
| Nitrendipine | Nitrendipine may increase the arrhythmogenic activities of Sparteine. |
| Tocainide | Tocainide may increase the arrhythmogenic activities of Sparteine. |
| Deslanoside | Deslanoside may increase the arrhythmogenic activities of Sparteine. |
| Bretylium | Bretylium may increase the arrhythmogenic activities of Sparteine. |
| Digitoxin | Digitoxin may increase the arrhythmogenic activities of Sparteine. |
| Ajmaline | Ajmaline may increase the arrhythmogenic activities of Sparteine. |
| Dexpropranolol | Dexpropranolol may increase the arrhythmogenic activities of Sparteine. |
| Nimesulide | Nimesulide may increase the arrhythmogenic activities of Sparteine. |
| Prenylamine | Prenylamine may increase the arrhythmogenic activities of Sparteine. |
| Cyclandelate | Cyclandelate may increase the arrhythmogenic activities of Sparteine. |
| Fluspirilene | Fluspirilene may increase the arrhythmogenic activities of Sparteine. |
| Azimilide | Azimilide may increase the arrhythmogenic activities of Sparteine. |
| Methsuximide | Methsuximide may increase the arrhythmogenic activities of Sparteine. |
| Seletracetam | Seletracetam may increase the arrhythmogenic activities of Sparteine. |
| Nylidrin | Nylidrin may increase the arrhythmogenic activities of Sparteine. |
| Tedisamil | Tedisamil may increase the arrhythmogenic activities of Sparteine. |
| Ziconotide | Ziconotide may increase the arrhythmogenic activities of Sparteine. |
| Dotarizine | Dotarizine may increase the arrhythmogenic activities of Sparteine. |
| Cariporide | Cariporide may increase the arrhythmogenic activities of Sparteine. |
| Xylometazoline | Xylometazoline may increase the arrhythmogenic activities of Sparteine. |
| Nilvadipine | Nilvadipine may increase the arrhythmogenic activities of Sparteine. |
| Carteolol | Sparteine may increase the arrhythmogenic activities of Carteolol. |
| Metipranolol | Sparteine may increase the arrhythmogenic activities of Metipranolol. |
| Tranilast | Sparteine may increase the arrhythmogenic activities of Tranilast. |
| Fasudil | Sparteine may increase the arrhythmogenic activities of Fasudil. |
| Agmatine | Sparteine may increase the arrhythmogenic activities of Agmatine. |
| Fendiline | Sparteine may increase the arrhythmogenic activities of Fendiline. |
| Eperisone | Sparteine may increase the arrhythmogenic activities of Eperisone. |
| Trimebutine | Sparteine may increase the arrhythmogenic activities of Trimebutine. |
| Pinaverium | Sparteine may increase the arrhythmogenic activities of Pinaverium. |
| Nicorandil | Sparteine may increase the arrhythmogenic activities of Nicorandil. |
| Barnidipine | Sparteine may increase the arrhythmogenic activities of Barnidipine. |
| Aranidipine | Sparteine may increase the arrhythmogenic activities of Aranidipine. |
| Azelnidipine | Sparteine may increase the arrhythmogenic activities of Azelnidipine. |
| Benidipine | Sparteine may increase the arrhythmogenic activities of Benidipine. |
| Cilnidipine | Sparteine may increase the arrhythmogenic activities of Cilnidipine. |
| Darodipine | Sparteine may increase the arrhythmogenic activities of Darodipine. |
| Efonidipine | Sparteine may increase the arrhythmogenic activities of Efonidipine. |
| Lacidipine | Sparteine may increase the arrhythmogenic activities of Lacidipine. |
| Niguldipine | Sparteine may increase the arrhythmogenic activities of Niguldipine. |
| Niludipine | Sparteine may increase the arrhythmogenic activities of Niludipine. |
| Tropisetron | Sparteine may increase the arrhythmogenic activities of Tropisetron. |
| Carboxyamidotriazole | Sparteine may increase the arrhythmogenic activities of Carboxyamidotriazole. |
| Naftopidil | Sparteine may increase the arrhythmogenic activities of Naftopidil. |
| Tetrahydropalmatine | Sparteine may increase the arrhythmogenic activities of Tetrahydropalmatine. |
| Vinpocetine | Sparteine may increase the arrhythmogenic activities of Vinpocetine. |
| Simendan | Sparteine may increase the arrhythmogenic activities of Simendan. |
| Spiradoline | Sparteine may increase the arrhythmogenic activities of Spiradoline. |
| Pilsicainide | Sparteine may increase the arrhythmogenic activities of Pilsicainide. |
| Cicletanine | Sparteine may increase the arrhythmogenic activities of Cicletanine. |
| Gallopamil | Sparteine may increase the arrhythmogenic activities of Gallopamil. |
| Cymarin | Sparteine may increase the arrhythmogenic activities of Cymarin. |
| Cibenzoline | Sparteine may increase the arrhythmogenic activities of Cibenzoline. |
| Metildigoxin | Sparteine may increase the arrhythmogenic activities of Metildigoxin. |
| Bencyclane | Sparteine may increase the arrhythmogenic activities of Bencyclane. |
| Otilonium | Sparteine may increase the arrhythmogenic activities of Otilonium. |
| Nizofenone | Sparteine may increase the arrhythmogenic activities of Nizofenone. |
| Prajmaline | Sparteine may increase the arrhythmogenic activities of Prajmaline. |
| Tiracizine | Sparteine may increase the arrhythmogenic activities of Tiracizine. |
| Ethacizine | Sparteine may increase the arrhythmogenic activities of Ethacizine. |
| Lorajmine | Sparteine may increase the arrhythmogenic activities of Lorajmine. |
| Bunaftine | Sparteine may increase the arrhythmogenic activities of Bunaftine. |
| Lorcainide | Sparteine may increase the arrhythmogenic activities of Lorcainide. |
| Acetyldigoxin | Sparteine may increase the arrhythmogenic activities of Acetyldigoxin. |
| Hydroquinine | Sparteine may increase the arrhythmogenic activities of Hydroquinine. |
| Terodiline | Sparteine may increase the arrhythmogenic activities of Terodiline. |
| Bioallethrin | Sparteine may increase the arrhythmogenic activities of Bioallethrin. |
| Lidoflazine | Sparteine may increase the arrhythmogenic activities of Lidoflazine. |
| Penfluridol | Sparteine may increase the arrhythmogenic activities of Penfluridol. |
| Caroverine | Sparteine may increase the arrhythmogenic activities of Caroverine. |
| Fosfructose | Sparteine may increase the arrhythmogenic activities of Fosfructose. |
| WIN 55212-2 | Sparteine may increase the arrhythmogenic activities of WIN 55212-2. |
| Fish oil | Sparteine may increase the arrhythmogenic activities of Fish oil. |
| Dexverapamil | Sparteine may increase the arrhythmogenic activities of Dexverapamil. |
| Emopamil | Sparteine may increase the arrhythmogenic activities of Emopamil. |