Peringatan Keamanan

Sulodexide seems to be well tolerated. Most adverse effects reported are related to the GI system and seem to be transient in nature. Among others adverse reactions are diarrhea, epigastralgia, dyspepsia, heartburn and dizziness. Allergic reactions, such as skin rash, have also been reported but are very rare.

Sulodexide

DB06271

biotech approved investigational

Deskripsi

Sulodexide is a mixture of glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) composed of dermatan sulfate (DS) and fast moving heparin (FMH).

Struktur Molekul 2D

Struktur tidak tersedia

Peta Jejaring Molekuler
Legenda: Obat • Target • Gen • Enzim • (Panah → menunjukkan arah efek / relasi) • Transporter • Carrier

Profil Farmakokinetik

Waktu Paruh (Half-Life) The elimination half-life was 11.7 +/- 2.0 h after intravenous administration, 18.7 +/- 4.1 h after 50 mg per os, and 25.8 +/- 1.9 h after 100 mg per os.
Volume Distribusi Cmax=516+/-77.54ng/mL, Tmax=1.33+/-0.58h, Vd=71.24+/-14.06L (b phase). Sulodexide reaches high concentrations in the plasma and is widely distributed in the endothelial layer. Binding to endothelial cell receptors in arteries and veins contributes to its rapid distribution profile.
Klirens (Clearance) 2.70+/-0.58L/h

Absorpsi

Sulodexide can be administered via the oral route, IV and IM routes. After oral dosing, the absorption rate being equivalent, the bioavailability is 40-60%. either calculated from the fast-moving heparin fraction or from the dermatan fraction. Bioavailability following IM administration is approximately 90%. After a rapid absorption in the intestine, the dermatan and heparin components start to appear in the plasma. Sulodexide is degraded after ingestion and loses its sulfate groups and both sulfated and unsulfated groups circulate in the blood for up to 24hours. AUC=22.83+/-4.44mg.h/L.

Metabolisme

It is mainly metabolized in the liver.

Rute Eliminasi

Sulodexide is eliminated via the renal, fecal and bile routes. The main clearance occurs renally and accounts for elimination of 55+2.9% of the drug over 96 hours. The fecal and bile routes remove the rest of the drug over 48 hours, which accounts for 23.5+/-2.5% for both routes.

Interaksi Makanan

1 Data
  • 1. Avoid herbs and supplements with anticoagulant/antiplatelet activity. Examples include garlic, ginger, bilberry, danshen, piracetam, and ginkgo biloba.

Interaksi Obat

861 Data
Apixaban Apixaban may increase the anticoagulant activities of Sulodexide.
Dabigatran etexilate Dabigatran etexilate may increase the anticoagulant activities of Sulodexide.
Dasatinib The risk or severity of bleeding and hemorrhage can be increased when Dasatinib is combined with Sulodexide.
Deferasirox The risk or severity of gastrointestinal bleeding can be increased when Sulodexide is combined with Deferasirox.
Ursodeoxycholic acid The risk or severity of bleeding and bruising can be increased when Sulodexide is combined with Ursodeoxycholic acid.
Glycochenodeoxycholic Acid The risk or severity of bleeding and bruising can be increased when Sulodexide is combined with Glycochenodeoxycholic Acid.
Cholic Acid The risk or severity of bleeding and bruising can be increased when Sulodexide is combined with Cholic Acid.
Glycocholic acid The risk or severity of bleeding and bruising can be increased when Sulodexide is combined with Glycocholic acid.
Deoxycholic acid The risk or severity of bleeding and bruising can be increased when Sulodexide is combined with Deoxycholic acid.
Taurocholic acid The risk or severity of bleeding and bruising can be increased when Sulodexide is combined with Taurocholic acid.
Obeticholic acid The risk or severity of bleeding and bruising can be increased when Sulodexide is combined with Obeticholic acid.
Chenodeoxycholic acid The risk or severity of bleeding and bruising can be increased when Sulodexide is combined with Chenodeoxycholic acid.
Taurochenodeoxycholic acid The risk or severity of bleeding and bruising can be increased when Sulodexide is combined with Taurochenodeoxycholic acid.
Tauroursodeoxycholic acid The risk or severity of bleeding and bruising can be increased when Sulodexide is combined with Tauroursodeoxycholic acid.
Bamet-UD2 The risk or severity of bleeding and bruising can be increased when Sulodexide is combined with Bamet-UD2.
Dehydrocholic acid The risk or severity of bleeding and bruising can be increased when Sulodexide is combined with Dehydrocholic acid.
Hyodeoxycholic Acid The risk or severity of bleeding and bruising can be increased when Sulodexide is combined with Hyodeoxycholic Acid.
Edoxaban The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Edoxaban is combined with Sulodexide.
Ibrutinib The risk or severity of bleeding and hemorrhage can be increased when Ibrutinib is combined with Sulodexide.
Obinutuzumab The risk or severity of bleeding and hemorrhage can be increased when Sulodexide is combined with Obinutuzumab.
Rivaroxaban Sulodexide may increase the anticoagulant activities of Rivaroxaban.
Sugammadex The risk or severity of bleeding and hemorrhage can be increased when Sulodexide is combined with Sugammadex.
Tibolone Tibolone may increase the anticoagulant activities of Sulodexide.
Tipranavir The risk or severity of bleeding and hemorrhage can be increased when Tipranavir is combined with Sulodexide.
Urokinase Urokinase may increase the anticoagulant activities of Sulodexide.
Vitamin E Vitamin E may increase the anticoagulant activities of Sulodexide.
Vorapaxar The risk or severity of bleeding and hemorrhage can be increased when Vorapaxar is combined with Sulodexide.
Aprotinin The therapeutic efficacy of Sulodexide can be decreased when used in combination with Aprotinin.
Trandolaprilat The risk or severity of hyperkalemia can be increased when Trandolaprilat is combined with Sulodexide.
Moexiprilat The risk or severity of hyperkalemia can be increased when Moexiprilat is combined with Sulodexide.
Cilazaprilat The risk or severity of hyperkalemia can be increased when Cilazaprilat is combined with Sulodexide.
Ginkgo biloba Ginkgo biloba may increase the anticoagulant activities of Sulodexide.
Ifosfamide The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Ifosfamide is combined with Sulodexide.
Quinine The therapeutic efficacy of Sulodexide can be increased when used in combination with Quinine.
Quinidine The therapeutic efficacy of Sulodexide can be increased when used in combination with Quinidine.
Tamoxifen The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Tamoxifen is combined with Sulodexide.
Toremifene The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Toremifene is combined with Sulodexide.
Corticorelin ovine triflutate The risk or severity of hypotension and sinus node depression can be increased when Sulodexide is combined with Corticorelin ovine triflutate.
Oritavancin The therapeutic efficacy of Sulodexide can be decreased when used in combination with Oritavancin.
Streptokinase Streptokinase may increase the anticoagulant activities of Sulodexide.
Telavancin The therapeutic efficacy of Sulodexide can be decreased when used in combination with Telavancin.
Palifermin The serum concentration of Palifermin can be increased when it is combined with Sulodexide.
Pentoxifylline The therapeutic efficacy of Sulodexide can be increased when used in combination with Pentoxifylline.
Pentosan polysulfate Pentosan polysulfate may increase the anticoagulant activities of Sulodexide.
Levocarnitine The therapeutic efficacy of Sulodexide can be increased when used in combination with Levocarnitine.
Diethylstilbestrol Diethylstilbestrol may decrease the anticoagulant activities of Sulodexide.
Chlorotrianisene Chlorotrianisene may decrease the anticoagulant activities of Sulodexide.
Conjugated estrogens Conjugated estrogens may decrease the anticoagulant activities of Sulodexide.
Mestranol The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Mestranol is combined with Sulodexide.
Estrone sulfate Estrone sulfate may decrease the anticoagulant activities of Sulodexide.
Quinestrol Quinestrol may decrease the anticoagulant activities of Sulodexide.
Hexestrol Hexestrol may decrease the anticoagulant activities of Sulodexide.
Synthetic Conjugated Estrogens, A Synthetic Conjugated Estrogens, A may decrease the anticoagulant activities of Sulodexide.
Synthetic Conjugated Estrogens, B Synthetic Conjugated Estrogens, B may decrease the anticoagulant activities of Sulodexide.
Polyestradiol phosphate Polyestradiol phosphate may decrease the anticoagulant activities of Sulodexide.
Esterified estrogens Esterified estrogens may decrease the anticoagulant activities of Sulodexide.
Zeranol Zeranol may decrease the anticoagulant activities of Sulodexide.
Equol Equol may decrease the anticoagulant activities of Sulodexide.
Methallenestril Methallenestril may decrease the anticoagulant activities of Sulodexide.
Epimestrol Epimestrol may decrease the anticoagulant activities of Sulodexide.
Moxestrol Moxestrol may decrease the anticoagulant activities of Sulodexide.
Estradiol acetate Estradiol acetate may decrease the anticoagulant activities of Sulodexide.
Estradiol benzoate Estradiol benzoate may decrease the anticoagulant activities of Sulodexide.
Estradiol cypionate Estradiol cypionate may decrease the anticoagulant activities of Sulodexide.
Estradiol valerate Estradiol valerate may decrease the anticoagulant activities of Sulodexide.
Biochanin A Biochanin A may decrease the anticoagulant activities of Sulodexide.
Formononetin Formononetin may decrease the anticoagulant activities of Sulodexide.
Estriol Estriol may decrease the anticoagulant activities of Sulodexide.
Icosapent The risk or severity of bleeding and hemorrhage can be increased when Icosapent is combined with Sulodexide.
Mesalazine The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Mesalazine is combined with Sulodexide.
Indomethacin The risk or severity of bleeding and hemorrhage can be increased when Indomethacin is combined with Sulodexide.
Nabumetone The risk or severity of bleeding and hemorrhage can be increased when Nabumetone is combined with Sulodexide.
Ketorolac The risk or severity of bleeding and hemorrhage can be increased when Ketorolac is combined with Sulodexide.
Tenoxicam The risk or severity of bleeding and hemorrhage can be increased when Tenoxicam is combined with Sulodexide.
Celecoxib The risk or severity of bleeding and hemorrhage can be increased when Celecoxib is combined with Sulodexide.
Tolmetin The risk or severity of bleeding and hemorrhage can be increased when Tolmetin is combined with Sulodexide.
Rofecoxib The risk or severity of bleeding and hemorrhage can be increased when Rofecoxib is combined with Sulodexide.
Piroxicam The risk or severity of bleeding and hemorrhage can be increased when Piroxicam is combined with Sulodexide.
Fenoprofen The risk or severity of bleeding and hemorrhage can be increased when Fenoprofen is combined with Sulodexide.
Valdecoxib The risk or severity of bleeding and hemorrhage can be increased when Valdecoxib is combined with Sulodexide.
Diclofenac The risk or severity of bleeding and hemorrhage can be increased when Diclofenac is combined with Sulodexide.
Sulindac The risk or severity of bleeding and hemorrhage can be increased when Sulindac is combined with Sulodexide.
Flurbiprofen The risk or severity of bleeding and hemorrhage can be increased when Flurbiprofen is combined with Sulodexide.
Etodolac The risk or severity of bleeding and hemorrhage can be increased when Etodolac is combined with Sulodexide.
Mefenamic acid The risk or severity of bleeding and hemorrhage can be increased when Mefenamic acid is combined with Sulodexide.
Naproxen The risk or severity of bleeding and hemorrhage can be increased when Naproxen is combined with Sulodexide.
Sulfasalazine The risk or severity of bleeding and hemorrhage can be increased when Sulfasalazine is combined with Sulodexide.
Phenylbutazone The risk or severity of bleeding and hemorrhage can be increased when Phenylbutazone is combined with Sulodexide.
Meloxicam The risk or severity of bleeding and hemorrhage can be increased when Meloxicam is combined with Sulodexide.
Carprofen The risk or severity of bleeding and hemorrhage can be increased when Carprofen is combined with Sulodexide.
Diflunisal The risk or severity of bleeding and hemorrhage can be increased when Diflunisal is combined with Sulodexide.
Salicylic acid The risk or severity of bleeding and hemorrhage can be increased when Salicylic acid is combined with Sulodexide.
Meclofenamic acid The risk or severity of bleeding and hemorrhage can be increased when Meclofenamic acid is combined with Sulodexide.
Oxaprozin The risk or severity of bleeding and hemorrhage can be increased when Oxaprozin is combined with Sulodexide.
Ketoprofen The risk or severity of bleeding and hemorrhage can be increased when Ketoprofen is combined with Sulodexide.
Balsalazide The risk or severity of bleeding and hemorrhage can be increased when Balsalazide is combined with Sulodexide.
Olsalazine The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Sulodexide is combined with Olsalazine.
Lumiracoxib The risk or severity of bleeding and hemorrhage can be increased when Lumiracoxib is combined with Sulodexide.
Magnesium salicylate The risk or severity of bleeding and hemorrhage can be increased when Magnesium salicylate is combined with Sulodexide.
Salsalate The risk or severity of bleeding and hemorrhage can be increased when Salsalate is combined with Sulodexide.

Target Protein

Heparin cofactor 2 SERPIND1
Antithrombin-III SERPINC1

Referensi & Sumber

Artikel (PubMed)
  • PMID: 12818259
    Cosmi B, Cini M, Legnani C, Pancani C, Calanni F, Coccheri S: Additive thrombin inhibition by fast moving heparin and dermatan sulfate explains the anticoagulant effect of sulodexide, a natural mixture of glycosaminoglycans. Thromb Res. 2003 Mar 15;109(5-6):333-9.
  • PMID: 9436179
    Harenberg J: Review of pharmacodynamics, pharmacokinetics, and therapeutic properties of sulodexide. Med Res Rev. 1998 Jan;18(1):1-20.
  • PMID: 22282689
    Lasierra-Cirujeda J, Coronel P, Aza M, Gimeno M: Use of sulodexide in patients with peripheral vascular disease. J Blood Med. 2010;1:105-15. doi: 10.2147/JBM.S10558. Epub 2010 Jun 15.
  • PMID: 24936531
    Hoppensteadt DA, Fareed J: Pharmacological profile of sulodexide. Int Angiol. 2014 Jun;33(3):229-35.

Contoh Produk & Brand

Produk: 0 • International brands: 2
International Brands
  • Sulonex
  • Vessel

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