The toxicity of nitrate drugs are the result of nitrate conversion to nitrite in the body. Nitrite leads to the autocatalytic oxidation of oxyhemoglobin to both hydrogen peroxide and methemoglobin. This increase in methemoglobin levels is a condition known as methemoglobinemia and is manifested by tissue hypoxia, as methemoglobin is unable to bind oxygen L2402.
Dizziness, redness of the skin (due to vasodilatation), skin irritation and headache are common adverse effects of this drug. Postural hypotension can also occur, especially if this drug is taken at higher doses or while standing L2395.
PETN - Oral LD50 (mouse) = 25,000 mg/kg MSDS
Pentaerythritol tetranitrate is the nitrate ester of pentaerythritol that possesses explosive properties. When mixed with a plasticizer, this chemical forms a plastic explosive. It is recognized by the FDA to be a coronary vasodilator in the treatment of heart conditions such as angina L2395.
It is a pentaerythritol nitrate in which all four hydroxy groups of pentaerythritol have been converted to the corresponding nitrate ester. It is a vasodilator with properties that are quite similar to those of glyceryl trinitrate, however, with a more prolonged duration of action. It is also one of the most powerful high explosives known and is a component of the plastic explosive known as Semtex L2393.
PETN has the chemical formula C5H8N4O12. It is formed by reacting pentaerythritol (C5H12O4), an alcohol commonly used in paints and varnishes, with nitric acid (HNO2). The reacting solution is chilled to precipitate the PETN. It is then filtered out, washed, dried, and recrystallized to produce a colorless crystalline material that is stored and shipped as a mixture with water and alcohol L2394.
Interestingly, this drug was studied for potential benefits in chronic ischemic heart failure patients. PETN targeting reactive oxygen species generation halted the changes of mitochondrial antioxidant enzymes and progressive fibrotic remodeling, leading to amelioration of cardiac functional performance in rats with ischemic heart failure A32649.
Fitur visualisasi ini dikembangkan menggunakan pendekatan Graph Theory untuk memetakan hubungan polifarmasi dan molekuler. Entitas (Obat, Target, Gen) direpresentasikan sebagai Simpul (Nodes), sedangkan hubungan biologisnya sebagai Sisi (Edges).
drugbank-id dan name pada skema XML DrugBank.targets/target yang memuat polipeptida sasaran.gene-name dan varian snp-effects.Tata letak grafik menggunakan algoritma Force-Directed Graph (Barnes-Hut). Model fisika ini menerapkan gaya tolak-menolak antar simpul (Gravitasi: -3000) agar tidak tumpang tindih, serta gaya pegas (Spring: 0.04) pada garis penghubung untuk fleksibilitas interaksi.
| Dapoxetine | Dapoxetine may increase the orthostatic hypotensive and hypotensive activities of Pentaerythritol tetranitrate. |
| Riociguat | Pentaerythritol tetranitrate may increase the hypotensive activities of Riociguat. |
| Rosiglitazone | The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Pentaerythritol tetranitrate is combined with Rosiglitazone. |
| Molsidomine | Molsidomine may increase the hypotensive activities of Pentaerythritol tetranitrate. |
| Tadalafil | The risk or severity of hypotension can be increased when Tadalafil is combined with Pentaerythritol tetranitrate. |
| Vardenafil | The risk or severity of hypotension can be increased when Vardenafil is combined with Pentaerythritol tetranitrate. |
| Dipyridamole | The risk or severity of hypotension can be increased when Dipyridamole is combined with Pentaerythritol tetranitrate. |
| Ibudilast | The risk or severity of hypotension can be increased when Ibudilast is combined with Pentaerythritol tetranitrate. |
| Avanafil | Avanafil may increase the hypotensive activities of Pentaerythritol tetranitrate. |
| Udenafil | The risk or severity of hypotension can be increased when Udenafil is combined with Pentaerythritol tetranitrate. |
| Doxofylline | The risk or severity of hypotension can be increased when Doxofylline is combined with Pentaerythritol tetranitrate. |
| Mirodenafil | The risk or severity of hypotension can be increased when Mirodenafil is combined with Pentaerythritol tetranitrate. |
| Fostamatinib | The risk or severity of hypotension can be increased when Fostamatinib is combined with Pentaerythritol tetranitrate. |
| Ethanol | Ethanol may increase the hypotensive and vasodilatory activities of Pentaerythritol tetranitrate. |
| Patent Blue | The therapeutic efficacy of Pentaerythritol tetranitrate can be decreased when used in combination with Patent Blue. |
| Cyclosporine | Cyclosporine may decrease the excretion rate of Pentaerythritol tetranitrate which could result in a higher serum level. |
| Icosapent | Icosapent may decrease the excretion rate of Pentaerythritol tetranitrate which could result in a higher serum level. |
| Cefotiam | Cefotiam may decrease the excretion rate of Pentaerythritol tetranitrate which could result in a higher serum level. |
| Mesalazine | Mesalazine may decrease the excretion rate of Pentaerythritol tetranitrate which could result in a higher serum level. |
| Cefmenoxime | Cefmenoxime may decrease the excretion rate of Pentaerythritol tetranitrate which could result in a higher serum level. |
| Cefmetazole | Cefmetazole may decrease the excretion rate of Pentaerythritol tetranitrate which could result in a higher serum level. |
| Pamidronic acid | Pamidronic acid may decrease the excretion rate of Pentaerythritol tetranitrate which could result in a higher serum level. |
| Tenofovir disoproxil | Tenofovir disoproxil may decrease the excretion rate of Pentaerythritol tetranitrate which could result in a higher serum level. |
| Indomethacin | Indomethacin may decrease the excretion rate of Pentaerythritol tetranitrate which could result in a higher serum level. |
| Cidofovir | Cidofovir may decrease the excretion rate of Pentaerythritol tetranitrate which could result in a higher serum level. |
| Cefpiramide | Cefpiramide may decrease the excretion rate of Pentaerythritol tetranitrate which could result in a higher serum level. |
| Ceftazidime | Ceftazidime may decrease the excretion rate of Pentaerythritol tetranitrate which could result in a higher serum level. |
| Loracarbef | Loracarbef may decrease the excretion rate of Pentaerythritol tetranitrate which could result in a higher serum level. |
| Cefalotin | Cefalotin may decrease the excretion rate of Pentaerythritol tetranitrate which could result in a higher serum level. |
| Nabumetone | Nabumetone may decrease the excretion rate of Pentaerythritol tetranitrate which could result in a higher serum level. |
| Ketorolac | Ketorolac may decrease the excretion rate of Pentaerythritol tetranitrate which could result in a higher serum level. |
| Tenoxicam | Tenoxicam may decrease the excretion rate of Pentaerythritol tetranitrate which could result in a higher serum level. |
| Celecoxib | Celecoxib may decrease the excretion rate of Pentaerythritol tetranitrate which could result in a higher serum level. |
| Cefotaxime | Cefotaxime may decrease the excretion rate of Pentaerythritol tetranitrate which could result in a higher serum level. |
| Tolmetin | Tolmetin may decrease the excretion rate of Pentaerythritol tetranitrate which could result in a higher serum level. |
| Foscarnet | Foscarnet may decrease the excretion rate of Pentaerythritol tetranitrate which could result in a higher serum level. |
| Rofecoxib | Rofecoxib may decrease the excretion rate of Pentaerythritol tetranitrate which could result in a higher serum level. |
| Piroxicam | Piroxicam may decrease the excretion rate of Pentaerythritol tetranitrate which could result in a higher serum level. |
| Methotrexate | Methotrexate may decrease the excretion rate of Pentaerythritol tetranitrate which could result in a higher serum level. |
| Cephalexin | Cephalexin may decrease the excretion rate of Pentaerythritol tetranitrate which could result in a higher serum level. |
| Fenoprofen | Fenoprofen may decrease the excretion rate of Pentaerythritol tetranitrate which could result in a higher serum level. |
| Valaciclovir | Valaciclovir may decrease the excretion rate of Pentaerythritol tetranitrate which could result in a higher serum level. |
| Valdecoxib | Valdecoxib may decrease the excretion rate of Pentaerythritol tetranitrate which could result in a higher serum level. |
| Diclofenac | Diclofenac may decrease the excretion rate of Pentaerythritol tetranitrate which could result in a higher serum level. |
| Sulindac | Sulindac may decrease the excretion rate of Pentaerythritol tetranitrate which could result in a higher serum level. |
| Bacitracin | Bacitracin may decrease the excretion rate of Pentaerythritol tetranitrate which could result in a higher serum level. |
| Amphotericin B | Amphotericin B may decrease the excretion rate of Pentaerythritol tetranitrate which could result in a higher serum level. |
| Cephaloglycin | Cephaloglycin may decrease the excretion rate of Pentaerythritol tetranitrate which could result in a higher serum level. |
| Flurbiprofen | Flurbiprofen may decrease the excretion rate of Pentaerythritol tetranitrate which could result in a higher serum level. |
| Adefovir dipivoxil | Adefovir dipivoxil may decrease the excretion rate of Pentaerythritol tetranitrate which could result in a higher serum level. |
| Pentamidine | Pentamidine may decrease the excretion rate of Pentaerythritol tetranitrate which could result in a higher serum level. |
| Etodolac | Etodolac may decrease the excretion rate of Pentaerythritol tetranitrate which could result in a higher serum level. |
| Mefenamic acid | Mefenamic acid may decrease the excretion rate of Pentaerythritol tetranitrate which could result in a higher serum level. |
| Acyclovir | Acyclovir may decrease the excretion rate of Pentaerythritol tetranitrate which could result in a higher serum level. |
| Naproxen | Naproxen may decrease the excretion rate of Pentaerythritol tetranitrate which could result in a higher serum level. |
| Sulfasalazine | Sulfasalazine may decrease the excretion rate of Pentaerythritol tetranitrate which could result in a higher serum level. |
| Phenylbutazone | Phenylbutazone may decrease the excretion rate of Pentaerythritol tetranitrate which could result in a higher serum level. |
| Meloxicam | Meloxicam may decrease the excretion rate of Pentaerythritol tetranitrate which could result in a higher serum level. |
| Carprofen | Carprofen may decrease the excretion rate of Pentaerythritol tetranitrate which could result in a higher serum level. |
| Cefaclor | Cefaclor may decrease the excretion rate of Pentaerythritol tetranitrate which could result in a higher serum level. |
| Diflunisal | Diflunisal may decrease the excretion rate of Pentaerythritol tetranitrate which could result in a higher serum level. |
| Tacrolimus | Tacrolimus may decrease the excretion rate of Pentaerythritol tetranitrate which could result in a higher serum level. |
| Ceforanide | Ceforanide may decrease the excretion rate of Pentaerythritol tetranitrate which could result in a higher serum level. |
| Salicylic acid | Salicylic acid may decrease the excretion rate of Pentaerythritol tetranitrate which could result in a higher serum level. |
| Meclofenamic acid | Meclofenamic acid may decrease the excretion rate of Pentaerythritol tetranitrate which could result in a higher serum level. |
| Acetylsalicylic acid | Acetylsalicylic acid may decrease the excretion rate of Pentaerythritol tetranitrate which could result in a higher serum level. |
| Carboplatin | Carboplatin may decrease the excretion rate of Pentaerythritol tetranitrate which could result in a higher serum level. |
| Oxaprozin | Oxaprozin may decrease the excretion rate of Pentaerythritol tetranitrate which could result in a higher serum level. |
| Ketoprofen | Ketoprofen may decrease the excretion rate of Pentaerythritol tetranitrate which could result in a higher serum level. |
| Balsalazide | Balsalazide may decrease the excretion rate of Pentaerythritol tetranitrate which could result in a higher serum level. |
| Ibuprofen | Ibuprofen may decrease the excretion rate of Pentaerythritol tetranitrate which could result in a higher serum level. |
| Cefditoren | Cefditoren may decrease the excretion rate of Pentaerythritol tetranitrate which could result in a higher serum level. |
| Atazanavir | Atazanavir may decrease the excretion rate of Pentaerythritol tetranitrate which could result in a higher serum level. |
| Colistimethate | Colistimethate may decrease the excretion rate of Pentaerythritol tetranitrate which could result in a higher serum level. |
| Cefuroxime | Cefuroxime may decrease the excretion rate of Pentaerythritol tetranitrate which could result in a higher serum level. |
| Cefapirin | Cefapirin may decrease the excretion rate of Pentaerythritol tetranitrate which could result in a higher serum level. |
| Cefadroxil | Cefadroxil may decrease the excretion rate of Pentaerythritol tetranitrate which could result in a higher serum level. |
| Cefprozil | Cefprozil may decrease the excretion rate of Pentaerythritol tetranitrate which could result in a higher serum level. |
| Ceftriaxone | Ceftriaxone may decrease the excretion rate of Pentaerythritol tetranitrate which could result in a higher serum level. |
| Olsalazine | Olsalazine may decrease the excretion rate of Pentaerythritol tetranitrate which could result in a higher serum level. |
| Lumiracoxib | Lumiracoxib may decrease the excretion rate of Pentaerythritol tetranitrate which could result in a higher serum level. |
| Cefamandole | Cefamandole may decrease the excretion rate of Pentaerythritol tetranitrate which could result in a higher serum level. |
| Cefazolin | Cefazolin may decrease the excretion rate of Pentaerythritol tetranitrate which could result in a higher serum level. |
| Cefonicid | Cefonicid may decrease the excretion rate of Pentaerythritol tetranitrate which could result in a higher serum level. |
| Cefoperazone | Cefoperazone may decrease the excretion rate of Pentaerythritol tetranitrate which could result in a higher serum level. |
| Cefotetan | Cefotetan may decrease the excretion rate of Pentaerythritol tetranitrate which could result in a higher serum level. |
| Cefoxitin | Cefoxitin may decrease the excretion rate of Pentaerythritol tetranitrate which could result in a higher serum level. |
| Ceftizoxime | Ceftizoxime may decrease the excretion rate of Pentaerythritol tetranitrate which could result in a higher serum level. |
| Cefradine | Cefradine may decrease the excretion rate of Pentaerythritol tetranitrate which could result in a higher serum level. |
| Magnesium salicylate | Magnesium salicylate may decrease the excretion rate of Pentaerythritol tetranitrate which could result in a higher serum level. |
| Salsalate | Salsalate may decrease the excretion rate of Pentaerythritol tetranitrate which could result in a higher serum level. |
| Choline magnesium trisalicylate | Choline magnesium trisalicylate may decrease the excretion rate of Pentaerythritol tetranitrate which could result in a higher serum level. |
| Cefepime | Cefepime may decrease the excretion rate of Pentaerythritol tetranitrate which could result in a higher serum level. |
| Cefacetrile | Cefacetrile may decrease the excretion rate of Pentaerythritol tetranitrate which could result in a higher serum level. |
| Ceftibuten | Ceftibuten may decrease the excretion rate of Pentaerythritol tetranitrate which could result in a higher serum level. |
| Cefpodoxime | Cefpodoxime may decrease the excretion rate of Pentaerythritol tetranitrate which could result in a higher serum level. |
| Antrafenine | Antrafenine may decrease the excretion rate of Pentaerythritol tetranitrate which could result in a higher serum level. |
| Aminophenazone | Aminophenazone may decrease the excretion rate of Pentaerythritol tetranitrate which could result in a higher serum level. |
| Antipyrine | Antipyrine may decrease the excretion rate of Pentaerythritol tetranitrate which could result in a higher serum level. |
| Tiaprofenic acid | Tiaprofenic acid may decrease the excretion rate of Pentaerythritol tetranitrate which could result in a higher serum level. |