The oral Lowest published toxic dose (TDLo) is 12.86 mg/kg in man MSDS. Oral LD50 ranges from 410 to 1500 mg/kg in rat MSDS, L2292. Oral LD50 in mouse and rabbit is 880 mg/kg and 700 mg/kg, respectively L2292. The LD50 following intravenous administration in rat was 17 mg/kg L2292.
In adults, the symptoms of overdosage include sedation, drowsiness (preceding excitement, convulsions, and postictal depression), dizziness, hypotension, dryness of the mouth, confusion, tachycardia, ataxia, nausea, vomiting, dyspnea, cyanosis, convulsions, coma, respiratory paralysis and CNS depression L2292. Antihistamine toxicity of pizotifen in children may involve excitation, hallucinations, ataxia, incoordination, convulsions, fixed dilated pupils, flushed faces, and fever, leading to coma and cardiorespiratory collapse L2292. The use of activated charcoal is recommended in the management of overdose. For drug recent uptake, induction of emesis or gastric lavage and diuresis should be performed L2292. Supportive measures should be initiated to maintain effective respiration while closely monitoring vital signs. While severe hypotension must be corrected, the use of adrenaline may produce paradoxical effects L2292.
As pizotifen has the potential to cause tachycardia, an ECG should be performed and attention directed at the QRS and QT intervals L2292. Excitatory states or convulsions induced by pizotifen may be treated with short-acting barbiturates or benzodiazepines. However analeptics should be avoided L2292.
Pizotifen belongs to the class of antamines and is related to cyproheptadine.A32532 It is a potent serotonin and tryptamine antagonist that has been used for migraine prevention for many years. It exhibits weak anticholinergic, antihistamine, and antikinin actions in addition to sedative and appetite-stimulating properties L2292. Some patients receiving pizotifen treatment developed tolerance with the prolonged use of the drug L2292. Numerous studies have revealed the potential antidepressant effects of pizotifen, which are independent of its antimigraine action A32538. While it is suggested that pizotifen may act similarly to the classic tricyclic antidepressants A32538, its full mechanism of antidepressant action is not fully elucidated. Pizotifen hydrochloride is an active ingredient in Sandomigran, which is used for the prophylactic management of migraines. Sandomigran is available in a number of countries but is not approved by the FDA nor EMA.
Fitur visualisasi ini dikembangkan menggunakan pendekatan Graph Theory untuk memetakan hubungan polifarmasi dan molekuler. Entitas (Obat, Target, Gen) direpresentasikan sebagai Simpul (Nodes), sedangkan hubungan biologisnya sebagai Sisi (Edges).
drugbank-id dan name pada skema XML DrugBank.targets/target yang memuat polipeptida sasaran.gene-name dan varian snp-effects.Tata letak grafik menggunakan algoritma Force-Directed Graph (Barnes-Hut). Model fisika ini menerapkan gaya tolak-menolak antar simpul (Gravitasi: -3000) agar tidak tumpang tindih, serta gaya pegas (Spring: 0.04) pada garis penghubung untuk fleksibilitas interaksi.
| Valsartan | Pizotifen may decrease the antihypertensive activities of Valsartan. |
| Remikiren | Pizotifen may decrease the antihypertensive activities of Remikiren. |
| Torasemide | Pizotifen may decrease the antihypertensive activities of Torasemide. |
| Guanadrel | Pizotifen may decrease the antihypertensive activities of Guanadrel. |
| Olmesartan | Pizotifen may decrease the antihypertensive activities of Olmesartan. |
| Nitroprusside | Pizotifen may decrease the antihypertensive activities of Nitroprusside. |
| Minoxidil | Pizotifen may decrease the antihypertensive activities of Minoxidil. |
| Treprostinil | Pizotifen may decrease the antihypertensive activities of Treprostinil. |
| Fosinopril | Pizotifen may decrease the antihypertensive activities of Fosinopril. |
| Trandolapril | Pizotifen may decrease the antihypertensive activities of Trandolapril. |
| Benazepril | Pizotifen may decrease the antihypertensive activities of Benazepril. |
| Bosentan | Pizotifen may decrease the antihypertensive activities of Bosentan. |
| Enalapril | Pizotifen may decrease the antihypertensive activities of Enalapril. |
| Cyclothiazide | Pizotifen may decrease the antihypertensive activities of Cyclothiazide. |
| Candoxatril | Pizotifen may decrease the antihypertensive activities of Candoxatril. |
| Mecamylamine | Pizotifen may decrease the antihypertensive activities of Mecamylamine. |
| Losartan | Pizotifen may decrease the antihypertensive activities of Losartan. |
| Moexipril | Pizotifen may decrease the antihypertensive activities of Moexipril. |
| Eplerenone | Pizotifen may decrease the antihypertensive activities of Eplerenone. |
| Lisinopril | Pizotifen may decrease the antihypertensive activities of Lisinopril. |
| Nitroglycerin | Pizotifen may decrease the antihypertensive activities of Nitroglycerin. |
| Cryptenamine | Pizotifen may decrease the antihypertensive activities of Cryptenamine. |
| Candesartan cilexetil | Pizotifen may decrease the antihypertensive activities of Candesartan cilexetil. |
| Fenoldopam | Pizotifen may decrease the antihypertensive activities of Fenoldopam. |
| Eprosartan | Pizotifen may decrease the antihypertensive activities of Eprosartan. |
| Quinapril | Pizotifen may decrease the antihypertensive activities of Quinapril. |
| Telmisartan | Pizotifen may decrease the antihypertensive activities of Telmisartan. |
| Irbesartan | Pizotifen may decrease the antihypertensive activities of Irbesartan. |
| Deserpidine | Pizotifen may decrease the antihypertensive activities of Deserpidine. |
| Pentolinium | Pizotifen may decrease the antihypertensive activities of Pentolinium. |
| Trimethaphan | Pizotifen may decrease the antihypertensive activities of Trimethaphan. |
| Diazoxide | Pizotifen may decrease the antihypertensive activities of Diazoxide. |
| Bretylium | Pizotifen may decrease the antihypertensive activities of Bretylium. |
| Guanethidine | Pizotifen may decrease the antihypertensive activities of Guanethidine. |
| Captopril | Pizotifen may decrease the antihypertensive activities of Captopril. |
| Epoprostenol | Pizotifen may decrease the antihypertensive activities of Epoprostenol. |
| Hydralazine | Pizotifen may decrease the antihypertensive activities of Hydralazine. |
| Cilazapril | Pizotifen may decrease the antihypertensive activities of Cilazapril. |
| Saprisartan | Pizotifen may decrease the antihypertensive activities of Saprisartan. |
| Spirapril | Pizotifen may decrease the antihypertensive activities of Spirapril. |
| Tienilic acid | Pizotifen may decrease the antihypertensive activities of Tienilic acid. |
| Debrisoquine | Pizotifen may decrease the antihypertensive activities of Debrisoquine. |
| Sitaxentan | Pizotifen may decrease the antihypertensive activities of Sitaxentan. |
| Ambrisentan | Pizotifen may decrease the antihypertensive activities of Ambrisentan. |
| Diethylnorspermine | Pizotifen may decrease the antihypertensive activities of Diethylnorspermine. |
| Pinacidil | Pizotifen may decrease the antihypertensive activities of Pinacidil. |
| Temocapril | Pizotifen may decrease the antihypertensive activities of Temocapril. |
| Riociguat | Pizotifen may decrease the antihypertensive activities of Riociguat. |
| Macitentan | Pizotifen may decrease the antihypertensive activities of Macitentan. |
| Aliskiren | Pizotifen may decrease the antihypertensive activities of Aliskiren. |
| Nicorandil | Pizotifen may decrease the antihypertensive activities of Nicorandil. |
| Rauwolfia serpentina root | Pizotifen may decrease the antihypertensive activities of Rauwolfia serpentina root. |
| Enalaprilat | Pizotifen may decrease the antihypertensive activities of Enalaprilat. |
| Selexipag | Pizotifen may decrease the antihypertensive activities of Selexipag. |
| Angiotensin 1-7 | Pizotifen may decrease the antihypertensive activities of Angiotensin 1-7. |
| Imidapril | Pizotifen may decrease the antihypertensive activities of Imidapril. |
| BQ-123 | Pizotifen may decrease the antihypertensive activities of BQ-123. |
| Cicletanine | Pizotifen may decrease the antihypertensive activities of Cicletanine. |
| Dihydralazine | Pizotifen may decrease the antihypertensive activities of Dihydralazine. |
| Zofenopril | Pizotifen may decrease the antihypertensive activities of Zofenopril. |
| Guanoxan | Pizotifen may decrease the antihypertensive activities of Guanoxan. |
| Delapril | Pizotifen may decrease the antihypertensive activities of Delapril. |
| Vincamine | Pizotifen may decrease the antihypertensive activities of Vincamine. |
| Linsidomine | Pizotifen may decrease the antihypertensive activities of Linsidomine. |
| Guanoxabenz | Pizotifen may decrease the antihypertensive activities of Guanoxabenz. |
| Tolonidine | Pizotifen may decrease the antihypertensive activities of Tolonidine. |
| Endralazine | Pizotifen may decrease the antihypertensive activities of Endralazine. |
| Cadralazine | Pizotifen may decrease the antihypertensive activities of Cadralazine. |
| Bietaserpine | Pizotifen may decrease the antihypertensive activities of Bietaserpine. |
| Guanazodine | Pizotifen may decrease the antihypertensive activities of Guanazodine. |
| Methoserpidine | Pizotifen may decrease the antihypertensive activities of Methoserpidine. |
| Guanoclor | Pizotifen may decrease the antihypertensive activities of Guanoclor. |
| Muzolimine | Pizotifen may decrease the antihypertensive activities of Muzolimine. |
| Xipamide | Pizotifen may decrease the antihypertensive activities of Xipamide. |
| Candesartan | Pizotifen may decrease the antihypertensive activities of Candesartan. |
| Tocopherylquinone | Pizotifen may decrease the antihypertensive activities of Tocopherylquinone. |
| Benazeprilat | Pizotifen may decrease the antihypertensive activities of Benazeprilat. |
| Fosinoprilat | Pizotifen may decrease the antihypertensive activities of Fosinoprilat. |
| Ramiprilat | Pizotifen may decrease the antihypertensive activities of Ramiprilat. |
| Perindoprilat | Pizotifen may decrease the antihypertensive activities of Perindoprilat. |
| Quinaprilat | Pizotifen may decrease the antihypertensive activities of Quinaprilat. |
| Furosemide | Pizotifen may decrease the antihypertensive activities of Furosemide. |
| Ramipril | Pizotifen may decrease the antihypertensive activities of Ramipril. |
| Perindopril | Pizotifen may decrease the antihypertensive activities of Perindopril. |
| Levamlodipine | Pizotifen may decrease the antihypertensive activities of Levamlodipine. |
| Buthiazide | Pizotifen may decrease the antihypertensive activities of Buthiazide. |
| Azilsartan medoxomil | Pizotifen may decrease the antihypertensive activities of Azilsartan medoxomil. |
| Buprenorphine | Pizotifen may increase the central nervous system depressant (CNS depressant) activities of Buprenorphine. |
| Doxylamine | Doxylamine may increase the central nervous system depressant (CNS depressant) activities of Pizotifen. |
| Dronabinol | Dronabinol may increase the central nervous system depressant (CNS depressant) activities of Pizotifen. |
| Droperidol | Droperidol may increase the central nervous system depressant (CNS depressant) activities of Pizotifen. |
| Hydrocodone | Pizotifen may increase the central nervous system depressant (CNS depressant) activities of Hydrocodone. |
| Hydroxyzine | Hydroxyzine may increase the central nervous system depressant (CNS depressant) activities of Pizotifen. |
| Magnesium sulfate | The therapeutic efficacy of Pizotifen can be increased when used in combination with Magnesium sulfate. |
| Methotrimeprazine | Pizotifen may increase the central nervous system depressant (CNS depressant) activities of Methotrimeprazine. |
| Metyrosine | Pizotifen may increase the sedative activities of Metyrosine. |
| Minocycline | Minocycline may increase the central nervous system depressant (CNS depressant) activities of Pizotifen. |
| Nabilone | Nabilone may increase the central nervous system depressant (CNS depressant) activities of Pizotifen. |
| Orphenadrine | Pizotifen may increase the central nervous system depressant (CNS depressant) activities of Orphenadrine. |
| Paraldehyde | Pizotifen may increase the central nervous system depressant (CNS depressant) activities of Paraldehyde. |