Peringatan Keamanan

Patients experiencing an overdose may present with vomiting, nausea, bronchospasm, periorbital angioedema, and hypotension.A228098 Treat patients with symptomatic and supportive measures.L31383 Hemodialysis may remove some acetylcysteine from circulation as it is somewhat protein bound.L31383

Acetylcysteine

DB06151

small molecule approved investigational

Deskripsi

Acetylcysteine is an antioxidant and glutathione inducer indicated for mucolytic therapy and the treatment of acetaminophen overdose.L31378,L31383,L31388,L31478 Acetylcysteine has also been studied for a wide variety of off-label indications with mixed results.A228158,A228163,A228168

Acetylcysteine was granted FDA approval on 14 September 1963.L31488

Struktur Molekul 2D

Berat 163.195
Wujud solid

Peta Jejaring Molekuler
Legenda: Obat • Target • Gen • Enzim • (Panah → menunjukkan arah efek / relasi) • Transporter • Carrier

Profil Farmakokinetik

Waktu Paruh (Half-Life) The mean terminal half life of acetylcysteine in adults is 5.6 hours[L31383] and in pre-term neonates is 11 hours.[A228093]
Volume Distribusi The volume of distribution of acetylcysteine is 0.47 L/kg.[L31383]
Klirens (Clearance) Acetylcysteine has a mean clearance of 0.11 L/hr/kg.[L31383]

Absorpsi

An 11 g dose in the form of an effervescent tablet for solution reaches a mean Cmax of 26.5 µg/mL, with a Tmax of 2 hours, and an AUC of 186 µg\*h/mL.L31478

Metabolisme

Acetylcysteine can be deacetylated by aminoacylase 1 or other undefined deacetylases before undergoing the normal metabolism of cysteine.A228088,A18144

Rute Eliminasi

An oral dose of radiolabelled acetylcysteine is 13-38% recovered in the urine in the first 24 hours,L31383 while 3% is recovered in the feces.A228148

Interaksi Obat

64 Data
Eluxadoline The serum concentration of Eluxadoline can be increased when it is combined with Acetylcysteine.
Pravastatin The excretion of Pravastatin can be decreased when combined with Acetylcysteine.
Valsartan The excretion of Valsartan can be decreased when combined with Acetylcysteine.
Torasemide The excretion of Torasemide can be decreased when combined with Acetylcysteine.
Liothyronine The excretion of Liothyronine can be decreased when combined with Acetylcysteine.
Conjugated estrogens The excretion of Conjugated estrogens can be decreased when combined with Acetylcysteine.
Digoxin The excretion of Digoxin can be decreased when combined with Acetylcysteine.
Cerivastatin The excretion of Cerivastatin can be decreased when combined with Acetylcysteine.
Raloxifene The excretion of Raloxifene can be decreased when combined with Acetylcysteine.
Caspofungin The excretion of Caspofungin can be decreased when combined with Acetylcysteine.
Bosentan The excretion of Bosentan can be decreased when combined with Acetylcysteine.
Methotrexate The excretion of Methotrexate can be decreased when combined with Acetylcysteine.
Enalapril The excretion of Enalapril can be decreased when combined with Acetylcysteine.
Simvastatin The excretion of Simvastatin can be decreased when combined with Acetylcysteine.
Sumatriptan The excretion of Sumatriptan can be decreased when combined with Acetylcysteine.
Mycophenolate mofetil The excretion of Mycophenolate mofetil can be decreased when combined with Acetylcysteine.
Penicillamine The excretion of Penicillamine can be decreased when combined with Acetylcysteine.
Repaglinide The excretion of Repaglinide can be decreased when combined with Acetylcysteine.
Dinoprostone The excretion of Dinoprostone can be decreased when combined with Acetylcysteine.
Fexofenadine The excretion of Fexofenadine can be decreased when combined with Acetylcysteine.
Ezetimibe The excretion of Ezetimibe can be decreased when combined with Acetylcysteine.
Benzylpenicillin The excretion of Benzylpenicillin can be decreased when combined with Acetylcysteine.
Atorvastatin The excretion of Atorvastatin can be decreased when combined with Acetylcysteine.
Ouabain The excretion of Ouabain can be decreased when combined with Acetylcysteine.
Fluvastatin The excretion of Fluvastatin can be decreased when combined with Acetylcysteine.
Rosuvastatin The excretion of Rosuvastatin can be decreased when combined with Acetylcysteine.
Liotrix The excretion of Liotrix can be decreased when combined with Acetylcysteine.
Cholic Acid The excretion of Cholic Acid can be decreased when combined with Acetylcysteine.
Taurocholic acid The excretion of Taurocholic acid can be decreased when combined with Acetylcysteine.
Atrasentan The excretion of Atrasentan can be decreased when combined with Acetylcysteine.
Simeprevir The excretion of Simeprevir can be decreased when combined with Acetylcysteine.
Ambrisentan The excretion of Ambrisentan can be decreased when combined with Acetylcysteine.
Axitinib The excretion of Axitinib can be decreased when combined with Acetylcysteine.
Gimatecan The excretion of Gimatecan can be decreased when combined with Acetylcysteine.
Temocapril The excretion of Temocapril can be decreased when combined with Acetylcysteine.
Cholecystokinin The excretion of Cholecystokinin can be decreased when combined with Acetylcysteine.
Gadoxetic acid The excretion of Gadoxetic acid can be decreased when combined with Acetylcysteine.
Technetium Tc-99m mebrofenin The excretion of Technetium Tc-99m mebrofenin can be decreased when combined with Acetylcysteine.
Fimasartan The excretion of Fimasartan can be decreased when combined with Acetylcysteine.
Paritaprevir The excretion of Paritaprevir can be decreased when combined with Acetylcysteine.
Tenofovir alafenamide The excretion of Tenofovir alafenamide can be decreased when combined with Acetylcysteine.
Selexipag The excretion of Selexipag can be decreased when combined with Acetylcysteine.
Grazoprevir The excretion of Grazoprevir can be decreased when combined with Acetylcysteine.
Asunaprevir The excretion of Asunaprevir can be decreased when combined with Acetylcysteine.
Elagolix The excretion of Elagolix can be decreased when combined with Acetylcysteine.
Voxilaprevir The excretion of Voxilaprevir can be decreased when combined with Acetylcysteine.
Letermovir The excretion of Letermovir can be decreased when combined with Acetylcysteine.
Levosalbutamol The excretion of Levosalbutamol can be decreased when combined with Acetylcysteine.
Glecaprevir The excretion of Glecaprevir can be decreased when combined with Acetylcysteine.
Belantamab mafodotin The excretion of Belantamab mafodotin can be decreased when combined with Acetylcysteine.
Revefenacin Acetylcysteine may decrease the excretion rate of Revefenacin which could result in a higher serum level.
Chlortetracycline The therapeutic efficacy of Acetylcysteine can be decreased when used in combination with Chlortetracycline.
Erythromycin The therapeutic efficacy of Acetylcysteine can be decreased when used in combination with Erythromycin.
Oxytetracycline The therapeutic efficacy of Acetylcysteine can be decreased when used in combination with Oxytetracycline.
Tetracycline The therapeutic efficacy of Acetylcysteine can be decreased when used in combination with Tetracycline.
Chymotrypsin The therapeutic efficacy of Acetylcysteine can be decreased when used in combination with Chymotrypsin.
Trypsin The therapeutic efficacy of Acetylcysteine can be decreased when used in combination with Trypsin.
Hydrogen peroxide The therapeutic efficacy of Acetylcysteine can be decreased when used in combination with Hydrogen peroxide.
Brincidofovir The serum concentration of Brincidofovir can be increased when it is combined with Acetylcysteine.
Atogepant The serum concentration of Atogepant can be increased when it is combined with Acetylcysteine.
Mesalazine The excretion of Mesalazine can be decreased when combined with Acetylcysteine.
Tezacaftor The excretion of Tezacaftor can be decreased when combined with Acetylcysteine.
Momelotinib The serum concentration of Momelotinib can be increased when it is combined with Acetylcysteine.
Resmetirom The serum concentration of Resmetirom can be increased when it is combined with Acetylcysteine.

Target Protein

Glutathione synthetase GSS
Cystine/glutamate transporter SLC7A11
NAPQI (N-acetyl-p-benzoquinone imine)
Aminoacylase-1 ACY1
Inhibitor of nuclear factor kappa-B kinase subunit beta IKBKB
Inhibitor of nuclear factor kappa-B kinase subunit alpha CHUK
Glutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 2B GRIN2B
Glutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 1 GRIN1
Glutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 2A GRIN2A
Glutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 2D GRIN2D
Glutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 3A GRIN3A

Referensi & Sumber

Synthesis reference: Rolf-Dieter Juch, Gerd Birrenbach, Christian Pflugshaupt, "Solid, fast-soluble pharmaceutical preparation containing S-(carboxymethyl)-L-cysteine and/or N-acetylcysteine." U.S. Patent US5401514, issued November, 1990.
Artikel (PubMed)
  • PMID: 2069586
    Cotgreave I, Moldeus P, Schuppe I: The metabolism of N-acetylcysteine by human endothelial cells. Biochem Pharmacol. 1991 Jun 21;42(1):13-6. doi: 10.1016/0006-2952(91)90674-t.
  • PMID: 10638393
    Ahola T, Fellman V, Laaksonen R, Laitila J, Lapatto R, Neuvonen PJ, Raivio KO: Pharmacokinetics of intravenous N-acetylcysteine in pre-term new-born infants. Eur J Clin Pharmacol. 1999 Nov;55(9):645-50. doi: 10.1007/s002280050687.
  • PMID: 25767408
    Mahmoudi GA, Astaraki P, Mohtashami AZ, Ahadi M: N-acetylcysteine overdose after acetaminophen poisoning. Int Med Case Rep J. 2015 Feb 27;8:65-9. doi: 10.2147/IMCRJ.S74563. eCollection 2015.
  • PMID: 2029805
    Holdiness MR: Clinical pharmacokinetics of N-acetylcysteine. Clin Pharmacokinet. 1991 Feb;20(2):123-34. doi: 10.2165/00003088-199120020-00004.
  • PMID: 9671543
    Uttamsingh V, Keller DA, Anders MW: Acylase I-catalyzed deacetylation of N-acetyl-L-cysteine and S-alkyl-N-acetyl-L-cysteines. Chem Res Toxicol. 1998 Jul;11(7):800-9.
  • PMID: 29849877
    Pei Y, Liu H, Yang Y, Yang Y, Jiao Y, Tay FR, Chen J: Biological Activities and Potential Oral Applications of N-Acetylcysteine: Progress and Prospects. Oxid Med Cell Longev. 2018 Apr 22;2018:2835787. doi: 10.1155/2018/2835787. eCollection 2018.
  • PMID: 17823110
    Crouch BI, Caravati EM, Dandoy C: Effect of dilution with beverages on the smell and taste of oral acetylcysteine. Am J Health Syst Pharm. 2007 Sep 15;64(18):1965-8. doi: 10.2146/ajhp060568.
  • PMID: 23943180
    Bass S, Zook N: Intravenous acetylcysteine for indications other than acetaminophen overdose. Am J Health Syst Pharm. 2013 Sep 1;70(17):1496-501. doi: 10.2146/ajhp120645.
Menampilkan 8 dari 12 artikel.
Textbook
  • ISBN: 9780080223391
    Serjeant EP, Dempsey B (1979). Ionisation constants of organic acids in aqueous solution (1st ed.). Oxford ; New York : Pergamon Press.

Contoh Produk & Brand

Produk: 66 • International brands: 3
Produk
  • Acetadote
    Injection, solution • 200 mg/1mL • Intravenous • US • Approved
  • Acetadote
    Injection, solution • 200 mg/1mL • Intravenous • US • Approved
  • Acetylcysteine
    Solution • 200 mg/1mL • Oral; Respiratory (inhalation) • US • Generic • Approved
  • Acetylcysteine
    Solution • 100 mg/1mL • Oral; Respiratory (inhalation) • US • Generic • Approved
  • Acetylcysteine
    Solution • 200 mg/1mL • Oral; Respiratory (inhalation) • US • Generic • Approved
  • Acetylcysteine
    Solution • 100 mg/1mL • Oral; Respiratory (inhalation) • US • Generic • Approved
  • Acetylcysteine
    Solution • 100 mg/1mL • Oral; Respiratory (inhalation) • US • Generic • Approved
  • Acetylcysteine
    Solution • 200 mg/1mL • Oral; Respiratory (inhalation) • US • Generic • Approved
Menampilkan 8 dari 66 produk.
International Brands
  • Fluimucil
  • Lysox
  • Mucolysin — Zambon

Sekuens Gen/Protein (FASTA)

Sekuens dimuat saat dibutuhkan agar halaman tetap ringan.
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