Peringatan Keamanan

There are no reported instances of deliberate or accidental overdosage in humans. Animal toxicology studies have shown no adverse reactions in single doses up to 20 mg/kg and in repeated doses up to 6 mg/kg/day for 13 weeks, which were the highest doses studied. The highest single dose tested in animals represents 800-times the clinical dose.

Thymalfasin

DB04900

biotech investigational

Deskripsi

Thymalfasin is a chemically synthesized version of thymosin alpha 1 that is identical to human thymosin alpha 1. Thymosin alpha 1 is an acetylated polypeptide. Thymosin alpha 1 is now approved in 35 developing countries for the treatment of Hepatitis B and C. It is also used to boost the immune response in the treatment of other diseases.

Struktur Molekul 2D

Struktur tidak tersedia

Peta Jejaring Molekuler
Legenda: ObatTargetGenEnzim(Panah → menunjukkan arah efek / relasi)TransporterCarrier

Profil Farmakokinetik

Waktu Paruh (Half-Life) Approximately 2 hours. There is no evidence of accumulation following multiple subcutaneous doses.
Volume Distribusi -
Klirens (Clearance) -

Absorpsi

Rapidly absorbed with peak serum levels achieved at approximately 2 hours.

Metabolisme

Data metabolisme tidak tersedia.

Rute Eliminasi

Data eliminasi belum tersedia.

Interaksi Obat

38 Data
Darbepoetin alfa The risk or severity of Thrombosis can be increased when Darbepoetin alfa is combined with Thymalfasin.
Erythropoietin The risk or severity of Thrombosis can be increased when Erythropoietin is combined with Thymalfasin.
Peginesatide The risk or severity of Thrombosis can be increased when Peginesatide is combined with Thymalfasin.
Methoxy polyethylene glycol-epoetin beta The risk or severity of Thrombosis can be increased when Methoxy polyethylene glycol-epoetin beta is combined with Thymalfasin.
Lidocaine The risk or severity of methemoglobinemia can be increased when Thymalfasin is combined with Lidocaine.
Ropivacaine The risk or severity of methemoglobinemia can be increased when Thymalfasin is combined with Ropivacaine.
Bupivacaine The risk or severity of methemoglobinemia can be increased when Thymalfasin is combined with Bupivacaine.
Cinchocaine The risk or severity of methemoglobinemia can be increased when Thymalfasin is combined with Cinchocaine.
Dyclonine The risk or severity of methemoglobinemia can be increased when Thymalfasin is combined with Dyclonine.
Procaine The risk or severity of methemoglobinemia can be increased when Thymalfasin is combined with Procaine.
Prilocaine The risk or severity of methemoglobinemia can be increased when Thymalfasin is combined with Prilocaine.
Proparacaine The risk or severity of methemoglobinemia can be increased when Thymalfasin is combined with Proparacaine.
Meloxicam The risk or severity of methemoglobinemia can be increased when Thymalfasin is combined with Meloxicam.
Oxybuprocaine The risk or severity of methemoglobinemia can be increased when Thymalfasin is combined with Oxybuprocaine.
Cocaine The risk or severity of methemoglobinemia can be increased when Thymalfasin is combined with Cocaine.
Mepivacaine The risk or severity of methemoglobinemia can be increased when Thymalfasin is combined with Mepivacaine.
Levobupivacaine The risk or severity of methemoglobinemia can be increased when Thymalfasin is combined with Levobupivacaine.
Diphenhydramine The risk or severity of methemoglobinemia can be increased when Thymalfasin is combined with Diphenhydramine.
Benzocaine The risk or severity of methemoglobinemia can be increased when Thymalfasin is combined with Benzocaine.
Chloroprocaine The risk or severity of methemoglobinemia can be increased when Thymalfasin is combined with Chloroprocaine.
Phenol The risk or severity of methemoglobinemia can be increased when Thymalfasin is combined with Phenol.
Tetrodotoxin The risk or severity of methemoglobinemia can be increased when Thymalfasin is combined with Tetrodotoxin.
Benzyl alcohol The risk or severity of methemoglobinemia can be increased when Thymalfasin is combined with Benzyl alcohol.
Capsaicin The risk or severity of methemoglobinemia can be increased when Thymalfasin is combined with Capsaicin.
Etidocaine The risk or severity of methemoglobinemia can be increased when Thymalfasin is combined with Etidocaine.
Articaine The risk or severity of methemoglobinemia can be increased when Thymalfasin is combined with Articaine.
Tetracaine The risk or severity of methemoglobinemia can be increased when Thymalfasin is combined with Tetracaine.
Propoxycaine The risk or severity of methemoglobinemia can be increased when Thymalfasin is combined with Propoxycaine.
Pramocaine The risk or severity of methemoglobinemia can be increased when Thymalfasin is combined with Pramocaine.
Butamben The risk or severity of methemoglobinemia can be increased when Thymalfasin is combined with Butamben.
Butacaine The risk or severity of methemoglobinemia can be increased when Thymalfasin is combined with Butacaine.
Oxetacaine The risk or severity of methemoglobinemia can be increased when Thymalfasin is combined with Oxetacaine.
Ethyl chloride The risk or severity of methemoglobinemia can be increased when Thymalfasin is combined with Ethyl chloride.
Butanilicaine The risk or severity of methemoglobinemia can be increased when Thymalfasin is combined with Butanilicaine.
Metabutethamine The risk or severity of methemoglobinemia can be increased when Thymalfasin is combined with Metabutethamine.
Quinisocaine The risk or severity of methemoglobinemia can be increased when Thymalfasin is combined with Quinisocaine.
Ambroxol The risk or severity of methemoglobinemia can be increased when Thymalfasin is combined with Ambroxol.
Etrasimod The risk or severity of immunosuppression can be increased when Thymalfasin is combined with Etrasimod.

Referensi & Sumber

Synthesis reference: Christian Birr, Ulrich Stollenwerk, "Method of preparing thymosin alpha 1 and derivatives thereof." U.S. Patent US4466918, issued April, 1979.
Artikel (PubMed)
  • PMID: 15482167
    Chien RN, Liaw YF: Thymalfasin for the treatment of chronic hepatitis B. Expert Rev Anti Infect Ther. 2004 Feb;2(1):9-16.
  • PMID: 15546253
    Sjogren MH: Thymalfasin: an immune system enhancer for the treatment of liver disease. J Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2004 Dec;19 Suppl 6:S69-72.
  • PMID: 15546254
    Liaw YF: Thymalfasin (thymosin-alpha 1) therapy in patients with chronic hepatitis B. J Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2004 Dec;19 Suppl 6:S73-5.
  • PMID: 15641207
    Sjogren MH: Thymalfasin: an immune system enhancer for the treatment of liver disease. J Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2004 Dec;19(12):S69-72.
  • PMID: 15641208
    Liaw YF: Thymalfasin (thymosin-alpha 1) therapy in patients with chronic hepatitis B. J Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2004 Dec;19(12):S73-5.
  • PMID: 15813890
    Vemuri S: Comparison of assays for determination of peptide content for lyophilized thymalfasin. J Pept Res. 2005 Apr;65(4):433-9.
  • PMID: 16307501
    Rustgi VK: Thymalfasin for the treatment of chronic hepatitis C infection. Expert Rev Anti Infect Ther. 2005 Dec;3(6):885-92.
  • PMID: 17600289
    Rustgi VK: Thymalfasin for the treatment of chronic hepatitis C infection. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 2007 Sep;1112:357-67. Epub 2007 Jun 28.
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