Peringatan Keamanan

The signs and symptoms of overdosage are headache; nausea; vomiting; blurred vision; dilated pupils; hot, dry skin; dizziness; dryness of the mouth; difficulty in swallowing; and CNS stimulation. A curare-like action may occur (i.e., neuromuscular blockade leading to muscular weakness and possible
paralysis). The oral LD₅₀ is greater than 750 mg/kg in mice and greater than 1000 mg/kg in rats.

Mepenzolate

DB04843

small molecule approved

Deskripsi

Mepenzolate is a post-ganglionic parasympathetic inhibitor. It decreases gastric acid and pepsin secretion and suppresses spontaneous contractions of the colon. Mepenzolate diminishes gastric acid and pepsin secretion. Mepenzolate also suppresses spontaneous contractions of the colon. Pharmacologically, it is a post-ganglionic parasympathetic inhibitor. It has not been shown to be effective in contributing to the healing of peptic ulcer, decreasing the rate of recurrence, or preventing complications.

Struktur Molekul 2D

Berat 340.436

Wujud solid

Peta Jejaring Molekuler

Obat Target Gen Interaksi Enzim Transporter Carrier

Legenda: Obat • Target • Gen • Enzim • (Panah → menunjukkan arah efek / relasi) • Transporter • Carrier

1. Pendahuluan & Konsep

Fitur visualisasi ini dikembangkan menggunakan pendekatan Graph Theory untuk memetakan hubungan polifarmasi dan molekuler. Entitas (Obat, Target, Gen) direpresentasikan sebagai Simpul (Nodes), sedangkan hubungan biologisnya sebagai Sisi (Edges).

2. Sumber Data (Validasi)

Data Obat: Diekstraksi dari elemen drugbank-id dan name pada skema XML DrugBank.
Target Protein: Diambil dari elemen targets/target yang memuat polipeptida sasaran.
Genetik: Disinkronisasi dari sub-elemen gene-name dan varian snp-effects.
Genetik: Jumlah titik node dibatasi pada maksimal 10 (Slice=10) interaksi untuk menghindari tumpukan data.

3. Algoritma Visualisasi

Tata letak grafik menggunakan algoritma Force-Directed Graph (Barnes-Hut). Model fisika ini menerapkan gaya tolak-menolak antar simpul (Gravitasi: -3000) agar tidak tumpang tindih, serta gaya pegas (Spring: 0.04) pada garis penghubung untuk fleksibilitas interaksi.

4. Legenda Visual

Obat Utama (Pusat Analisis)

Target Protein (Mekanisme)

Gen (Faktor Genetik)

Metode ini mendukung analisis Precision Medicine dan evaluasi risiko Drug-Drug Interaction (DDI).

Profil Farmakokinetik

Waktu Paruh (Half-Life) -

Volume Distribusi -

Klirens (Clearance) -

Absorpsi

Between 3 and 22% of an orally administered dose is excreted in the urine over a 5-day period, with the majority of the radioactivity appearing on Day 1. The remainder appears in the next 5 days in the feces and presumably has not been absorbed.

Metabolisme

Data metabolisme tidak tersedia.

Rute Eliminasi

Between 3 and 22% of an orally administered dose is excreted in the urine over a 5-day period, with the majority of the radioactivity appearing on Day 1.

Interaksi Obat

516 Data

Aclidinium	The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Mepenzolate is combined with Aclidinium.
Mianserin	Mianserin may increase the anticholinergic activities of Mepenzolate.
Mirabegron	The risk or severity of urinary retention can be increased when Mepenzolate is combined with Mirabegron.
Pramlintide	The risk or severity of reduced gastrointestinal motility can be increased when Pramlintide is combined with Mepenzolate.
Secretin porcine	The therapeutic efficacy of Secretin porcine can be decreased when used in combination with Mepenzolate.
Tiotropium	The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Mepenzolate is combined with Tiotropium.
Topiramate	The risk or severity of hyperthermia and oligohydrosis can be increased when Mepenzolate is combined with Topiramate.
Umeclidinium	The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Mepenzolate is combined with Umeclidinium.
Glycopyrronium	The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Mepenzolate is combined with Glycopyrronium.
Botulinum toxin type A	The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Mepenzolate is combined with Botulinum toxin type A.
Glucagon	Mepenzolate may increase the gastrointestinal motility reducing activities of Glucagon.
Sulpiride	Mepenzolate may increase the anticholinergic activities of Sulpiride.
Botulinum toxin type B	The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Mepenzolate is combined with Botulinum toxin type B.
Eluxadoline	The risk or severity of constipation can be increased when Mepenzolate is combined with Eluxadoline.
Ramosetron	The risk or severity of constipation can be increased when Mepenzolate is combined with Ramosetron.
Naltrexone	The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Mepenzolate is combined with Naltrexone.
Bezitramide	The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Mepenzolate is combined with Bezitramide.
Tramadol	The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Mepenzolate is combined with Tramadol.
Morphine	The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Mepenzolate is combined with Morphine.
Codeine	The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Mepenzolate is combined with Codeine.
Hydromorphone	The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Mepenzolate is combined with Hydromorphone.
Methadone	The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Mepenzolate is combined with Methadone.
Meperidine	The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Mepenzolate is combined with Meperidine.
Oxycodone	The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Mepenzolate is combined with Oxycodone.
Butorphanol	The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Mepenzolate is combined with Butorphanol.
Dextropropoxyphene	The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Mepenzolate is combined with Dextropropoxyphene.
Pentazocine	The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Mepenzolate is combined with Pentazocine.
Sufentanil	The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Mepenzolate is combined with Sufentanil.
Alfentanil	The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Mepenzolate is combined with Alfentanil.
Fentanyl	The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Mepenzolate is combined with Fentanyl.
Nalbuphine	The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Mepenzolate is combined with Nalbuphine.
Levorphanol	The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Mepenzolate is combined with Levorphanol.
Remifentanil	The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Mepenzolate is combined with Remifentanil.
Buprenorphine	The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Mepenzolate is combined with Buprenorphine.
Hydrocodone	The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Mepenzolate is combined with Hydrocodone.
Diphenoxylate	The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Mepenzolate is combined with Diphenoxylate.
Oxymorphone	The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Mepenzolate is combined with Oxymorphone.
Dezocine	The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Mepenzolate is combined with Dezocine.
Levacetylmethadol	The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Mepenzolate is combined with Levacetylmethadol.
Methadyl acetate	The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Mepenzolate is combined with Methadyl acetate.
Dihydroetorphine	The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Mepenzolate is combined with Dihydroetorphine.
Diamorphine	The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Mepenzolate is combined with Diamorphine.
Ethylmorphine	The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Mepenzolate is combined with Ethylmorphine.
Etorphine	The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Mepenzolate is combined with Etorphine.
Dextromoramide	The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Mepenzolate is combined with Dextromoramide.
Desomorphine	The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Mepenzolate is combined with Desomorphine.
Carfentanil	The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Mepenzolate is combined with Carfentanil.
Dihydrocodeine	The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Mepenzolate is combined with Dihydrocodeine.
Alphacetylmethadol	The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Mepenzolate is combined with Alphacetylmethadol.
Dihydromorphine	The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Mepenzolate is combined with Dihydromorphine.
Tapentadol	The risk or severity of urinary retention and constipation can be increased when Mepenzolate is combined with Tapentadol.
Ketobemidone	The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Mepenzolate is combined with Ketobemidone.
DPDPE	The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Mepenzolate is combined with DPDPE.
Lofentanil	The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Mepenzolate is combined with Lofentanil.
Opium	The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Mepenzolate is combined with Opium.
Normethadone	The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Mepenzolate is combined with Normethadone.
Piritramide	The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Mepenzolate is combined with Piritramide.
Alphaprodine	The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Mepenzolate is combined with Alphaprodine.
Nicomorphine	The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Mepenzolate is combined with Nicomorphine.
Meptazinol	The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Mepenzolate is combined with Meptazinol.
Phenoperidine	The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Mepenzolate is combined with Phenoperidine.
Phenazocine	The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Mepenzolate is combined with Phenazocine.
Tilidine	The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Mepenzolate is combined with Tilidine.
Carfentanil, C-11	The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Mepenzolate is combined with Carfentanil, C-11.
Benzhydrocodone	The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Mepenzolate is combined with Benzhydrocodone.
Naloxegol	The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Mepenzolate is combined with Naloxegol.
Trospium	The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Trospium is combined with Mepenzolate.
Oxyphenonium	The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Oxyphenonium is combined with Mepenzolate.
Benzatropine	The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Benzatropine is combined with Mepenzolate.
Disopyramide	The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Disopyramide is combined with Mepenzolate.
Metixene	The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Metixene is combined with Mepenzolate.
Terfenadine	The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Terfenadine is combined with Mepenzolate.
Buclizine	The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Buclizine is combined with Mepenzolate.
Trihexyphenidyl	The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Trihexyphenidyl is combined with Mepenzolate.
Oxyphencyclimine	The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Oxyphencyclimine is combined with Mepenzolate.
Procyclidine	The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Procyclidine is combined with Mepenzolate.
Hyoscyamine	The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Hyoscyamine is combined with Mepenzolate.
Methscopolamine bromide	The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Methscopolamine bromide is combined with Mepenzolate.
Darifenacin	The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Darifenacin is combined with Mepenzolate.
Tridihexethyl	The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Tridihexethyl is combined with Mepenzolate.
Anisotropine methylbromide	The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Anisotropine methylbromide is combined with Mepenzolate.
Atropine	The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Atropine is combined with Mepenzolate.
Nicardipine	The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Nicardipine is combined with Mepenzolate.
Mecamylamine	The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Mecamylamine is combined with Mepenzolate.
Pirenzepine	The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Pirenzepine is combined with Mepenzolate.
Homatropine methylbromide	The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Homatropine methylbromide is combined with Mepenzolate.
Benzquinamide	The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Benzquinamide is combined with Mepenzolate.
Propantheline	The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Propantheline is combined with Mepenzolate.
Dicyclomine	The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Dicyclomine is combined with Mepenzolate.
Tropicamide	The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Tropicamide is combined with Mepenzolate.
Cocaine	The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Cocaine is combined with Mepenzolate.
Quinidine	The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Quinidine is combined with Mepenzolate.
Amantadine	The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Amantadine is combined with Mepenzolate.
Methantheline	The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Methantheline is combined with Mepenzolate.
Cycrimine	The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Cycrimine is combined with Mepenzolate.
Cyclopentolate	The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Cyclopentolate is combined with Mepenzolate.
Tolterodine	The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Tolterodine is combined with Mepenzolate.
Oxybutynin	The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Oxybutynin is combined with Mepenzolate.
Pentolinium	The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Pentolinium is combined with Mepenzolate.
Trimethaphan	The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Trimethaphan is combined with Mepenzolate.

Target Protein

Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M1 CHRM1

Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M5 CHRM5

Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M3 CHRM3

Referensi & Sumber

Belum ada data referensi/link/attachment untuk obat ini pada database. Jalankan import DrugBank untuk mengisi field referensi.

Contoh Produk & Brand

Produk: 1 • International brands: 0

Produk

Cantil

Tablet • 25 mg/1 • Oral • US • Approved

Sekuens Gen/Protein (FASTA)

Sekuens dimuat saat dibutuhkan agar halaman tetap ringan.