Peringatan Keamanan

A metamizole overdose (7.5 g) may lead to gastrointestinal toxicity. If less than an hour has passed since metamizole ingestion, gastrointestinal decontamination and supportive measures are suggested as overdose treatment.A251900 Metamizole can also cause myelotoxicity, leading to drug-induced agranulocytosis.A251885,A251905

Metamizole

DB04817

small molecule approved investigational withdrawn

Deskripsi

Metamizole (dipyrone) is a pyrazolone derivative that belongs to the group of nonacid nonopioids. It is considered a potent analgesic and antipyretic with favourable gastrointestinal tolerability.A251885 Metamizole was formerly marketed in the US as Dimethone tablets and injection, Protemp oral liquid, and other drug products, and was withdrawn due to its association with potentially fatal agranulocytosis. Approvals of the NDA's for metamizole drug products were withdrawn on June 27, 1977 (see the Federal Register of June 17, 1977, 42 FR 30893).L42975 In 1963, metamizole was withdrawn from the Canadian market and banned in the UK, France, Sweden, Norway and Australia.A251805 Metamizole is still used in certain countries in Europe, Asia and South America.A251805

Struktur Molekul 2D

Berat 311.36
Wujud solid

Peta Jejaring Molekuler
Legenda: Obat • Target • Gen • Enzim • (Panah → menunjukkan arah efek / relasi) • Transporter • Carrier

Profil Farmakokinetik

Waktu Paruh (Half-Life) _In vitro_, the half-life of metamizole is 16 minutes. The half-life of 4-methyl-amino-antipyrine (MAA), its active metabolite, ranges from 2.6 to 3.5 hours.[A251890]
Volume Distribusi Metamizole is quickly metabolized into 4-methyl-amino-antipyrine (MAA), its active metabolite. MAA has a volume of distribution of 1.15 L/kg.[A251890]
Klirens (Clearance) The clearance of 4-methyl-amino-antipyrine (MAA), the active metabolite of metamizole, ranges from 110 mL/min to 180 mL/min after oral administration.[A251890]

Absorpsi

Metamizole is hydrolyzed to 4-methyl-amino-antipyrine (MAA) in gastric juice and is mostly absorbed in this form. MAA bioavailability differs based on the administration route. In patients given metamizole tablets, the bioavailability of MAA is 85%, in patients given drops, 89%, in patients given suppositories, 54%, and in patients given an intramuscular injection, 87%.A251890 There is a linear relationship between metamizole oral dose and MAA Cmax. After oral doses ranging between 0.75 and 3 g, the tmax is reached at 1.4-2.0 hours.A251890

Metabolisme

Metamizole undergoes rapid hydrolysis to the active moiety 4-methyl-amino-antipyrine (MAA). MAA is then metabolized to 4-formyl-amino-antipyrine (FAA) via c-oxidation and 4-amino-antipyrine (AA) via N-demethylation. The N-demethylation of MAA is mainly mediated by CYP3A4, although CYP2B6, CYP2C8 and CYP2C9 may also be involved.A251885 FAA is an end metabolite, while AA is acetylated by N-acetyl-transferase to form 4-acetyl-amino-antipyrine (AAA).A251890 The unchanged drug may be present in plasma following the intravenous administration of metamizole; however, following oral administration, it cannot be detected in plasma or urine.A251890

Rute Eliminasi

After intravenous or oral administration, 90% of metamizole is recovered in urine, while 10% is recovered in feces.A251890 Approximately 60% of four metamizole metabolites (4-methyl-amino-antipyrine, 4-formyl-amino-antipyrine, 4-amino-antipyrine and 4-acetyl-amino-antipyrine) are excreted through urine.A251890

Interaksi Obat

1176 Data
Amlodipine Metamizole may decrease the antihypertensive activities of Amlodipine.
Midodrine The risk or severity of hypertension can be increased when Midodrine is combined with Metamizole.
Isoetharine The risk or severity of hypertension can be increased when Isoetharine is combined with Metamizole.
Zolmitriptan The risk or severity of hypertension can be increased when Zolmitriptan is combined with Metamizole.
Norepinephrine The risk or severity of hypertension can be increased when Norepinephrine is combined with Metamizole.
Phenylephrine The risk or severity of hypertension can be increased when Phenylephrine is combined with Metamizole.
Phenylpropanolamine The risk or severity of hypertension can be increased when Phenylpropanolamine is combined with Metamizole.
Droperidol The risk or severity of hypertension can be increased when Droperidol is combined with Metamizole.
Doxapram The risk or severity of hypertension can be increased when Doxapram is combined with Metamizole.
Atropine The risk or severity of hypertension can be increased when Atropine is combined with Metamizole.
Metaraminol The risk or severity of hypertension can be increased when Metaraminol is combined with Metamizole.
Furazolidone The risk or severity of hypertension can be increased when Furazolidone is combined with Metamizole.
Epinephrine The risk or severity of hypertension can be increased when Epinephrine is combined with Metamizole.
Thioridazine The risk or severity of hypertension can be increased when Thioridazine is combined with Metamizole.
Nicergoline The risk or severity of hypertension can be increased when Nicergoline is combined with Metamizole.
Methoxamine The risk or severity of hypertension can be increased when Methoxamine is combined with Metamizole.
Tranylcypromine The risk or severity of hypertension can be increased when Tranylcypromine is combined with Metamizole.
Propiomazine The risk or severity of hypertension can be increased when Propiomazine is combined with Metamizole.
Minaprine The risk or severity of hypertension can be increased when Minaprine is combined with Metamizole.
Orciprenaline The risk or severity of hypertension can be increased when Orciprenaline is combined with Metamizole.
Phenmetrazine The risk or severity of hypertension can be increased when Phenmetrazine is combined with Metamizole.
Trifluoperazine The risk or severity of hypertension can be increased when Trifluoperazine is combined with Metamizole.
Pseudoephedrine The risk or severity of hypertension can be increased when Pseudoephedrine is combined with Metamizole.
Ritodrine The risk or severity of hypertension can be increased when Ritodrine is combined with Metamizole.
Flupentixol The risk or severity of hypertension can be increased when Flupentixol is combined with Metamizole.
Remifentanil The risk or severity of hypertension can be increased when Remifentanil is combined with Metamizole.
Bitolterol The risk or severity of hypertension can be increased when Bitolterol is combined with Metamizole.
Oxymetazoline The risk or severity of hypertension can be increased when Oxymetazoline is combined with Metamizole.
Diethylpropion The risk or severity of hypertension can be increased when Diethylpropion is combined with Metamizole.
Naratriptan The risk or severity of hypertension can be increased when Naratriptan is combined with Metamizole.
Formoterol The risk or severity of hypertension can be increased when Formoterol is combined with Metamizole.
Frovatriptan The risk or severity of hypertension can be increased when Frovatriptan is combined with Metamizole.
Isoprenaline The risk or severity of hypertension can be increased when Isoprenaline is combined with Metamizole.
Arbutamine The risk or severity of hypertension can be increased when Arbutamine is combined with Metamizole.
Moclobemide The risk or severity of hypertension can be increased when Moclobemide is combined with Metamizole.
Desflurane The risk or severity of hypertension can be increased when Desflurane is combined with Metamizole.
Isocarboxazid The risk or severity of hypertension can be increased when Isocarboxazid is combined with Metamizole.
Lisdexamfetamine The risk or severity of hypertension can be increased when Lisdexamfetamine is combined with Metamizole.
Fenoterol The risk or severity of hypertension can be increased when Fenoterol is combined with Metamizole.
Pirbuterol The risk or severity of hypertension can be increased when Pirbuterol is combined with Metamizole.
Ephedra sinica root The risk or severity of hypertension can be increased when Ephedra sinica root is combined with Metamizole.
Ephedrine The risk or severity of hypertension can be increased when Ephedrine is combined with Metamizole.
Mephentermine The risk or severity of hypertension can be increased when Mephentermine is combined with Metamizole.
Procaterol The risk or severity of hypertension can be increased when Procaterol is combined with Metamizole.
Methotrimeprazine The risk or severity of hypertension can be increased when Methotrimeprazine is combined with Metamizole.
Clenbuterol The risk or severity of hypertension can be increased when Clenbuterol is combined with Metamizole.
Bambuterol The risk or severity of hypertension can be increased when Bambuterol is combined with Metamizole.
MMDA The risk or severity of hypertension can be increased when MMDA is combined with Metamizole.
Midomafetamine The risk or severity of hypertension can be increased when Midomafetamine is combined with Metamizole.
2,5-Dimethoxy-4-ethylamphetamine The risk or severity of hypertension can be increased when 2,5-Dimethoxy-4-ethylamphetamine is combined with Metamizole.
4-Methoxyamphetamine The risk or severity of hypertension can be increased when 4-Methoxyamphetamine is combined with Metamizole.
4-Bromo-2,5-dimethoxyamphetamine The risk or severity of hypertension can be increased when 4-Bromo-2,5-dimethoxyamphetamine is combined with Metamizole.
Tenamfetamine The risk or severity of hypertension can be increased when Tenamfetamine is combined with Metamizole.
Chlorphentermine The risk or severity of hypertension can be increased when Chlorphentermine is combined with Metamizole.
Dextroamphetamine The risk or severity of hypertension can be increased when Dextroamphetamine is combined with Metamizole.
Phendimetrazine The risk or severity of hypertension can be increased when Phendimetrazine is combined with Metamizole.
Periciazine The risk or severity of hypertension can be increased when Periciazine is combined with Metamizole.
Acepromazine The risk or severity of hypertension can be increased when Acepromazine is combined with Metamizole.
Thioproperazine The risk or severity of hypertension can be increased when Thioproperazine is combined with Metamizole.
Epicaptopril The risk or severity of hypertension can be increased when Epicaptopril is combined with Metamizole.
Clorgiline The risk or severity of hypertension can be increased when Clorgiline is combined with Metamizole.
1-benzylimidazole The risk or severity of hypertension can be increased when 1-benzylimidazole is combined with Metamizole.
Iproniazid The risk or severity of hypertension can be increased when Metamizole is combined with Iproniazid.
Nialamide The risk or severity of hypertension can be increased when Metamizole is combined with Nialamide.
Amibegron The risk or severity of hypertension can be increased when Metamizole is combined with Amibegron.
Naluzotan The risk or severity of hypertension can be increased when Metamizole is combined with Naluzotan.
Pizotifen The risk or severity of hypertension can be increased when Metamizole is combined with Pizotifen.
Solabegron The risk or severity of hypertension can be increased when Metamizole is combined with Solabegron.
Esmirtazapine The risk or severity of hypertension can be increased when Metamizole is combined with Esmirtazapine.
Nitrous oxide The risk or severity of hypertension can be increased when Metamizole is combined with Nitrous oxide.
Xylometazoline The risk or severity of hypertension can be increased when Metamizole is combined with Xylometazoline.
Dexmethylphenidate The risk or severity of hypertension can be increased when Metamizole is combined with Dexmethylphenidate.
Levonordefrin The risk or severity of hypertension can be increased when Metamizole is combined with Levonordefrin.
Naphazoline The risk or severity of hypertension can be increased when Metamizole is combined with Naphazoline.
Tetryzoline The risk or severity of hypertension can be increased when Metamizole is combined with Tetryzoline.
Cinitapride The risk or severity of hypertension can be increased when Metamizole is combined with Cinitapride.
Tyramine The risk or severity of hypertension can be increased when Metamizole is combined with Tyramine.
Adrafinil The risk or severity of hypertension can be increased when Metamizole is combined with Adrafinil.
Isoxsuprine The risk or severity of hypertension can be increased when Metamizole is combined with Isoxsuprine.
Ifenprodil The risk or severity of hypertension can be increased when Metamizole is combined with Ifenprodil.
Hexoprenaline The risk or severity of hypertension can be increased when Metamizole is combined with Hexoprenaline.
Etilefrine The risk or severity of hypertension can be increased when Metamizole is combined with Etilefrine.
Olodaterol The risk or severity of hypertension can be increased when Metamizole is combined with Olodaterol.
Cirazoline The risk or severity of hypertension can be increased when Metamizole is combined with Cirazoline.
Synephrine The risk or severity of hypertension can be increased when Metamizole is combined with Synephrine.
Hydracarbazine The risk or severity of hypertension can be increased when Metamizole is combined with Hydracarbazine.
Benmoxin The risk or severity of hypertension can be increased when Metamizole is combined with Benmoxin.
Mebanazine The risk or severity of hypertension can be increased when Metamizole is combined with Mebanazine.
Octamoxin The risk or severity of hypertension can be increased when Metamizole is combined with Octamoxin.
Pheniprazine The risk or severity of hypertension can be increased when Metamizole is combined with Pheniprazine.
Phenoxypropazine The risk or severity of hypertension can be increased when Metamizole is combined with Phenoxypropazine.
Pivhydrazine The risk or severity of hypertension can be increased when Metamizole is combined with Pivhydrazine.
Safrazine The risk or severity of hypertension can be increased when Metamizole is combined with Safrazine.
Caroxazone The risk or severity of hypertension can be increased when Metamizole is combined with Caroxazone.
Doxofylline The risk or severity of hypertension can be increased when Metamizole is combined with Doxofylline.
Iofetamine I-123 The risk or severity of hypertension can be increased when Metamizole is combined with Iofetamine I-123.
Racepinephrine The risk or severity of hypertension can be increased when Metamizole is combined with Racepinephrine.
Amitraz The risk or severity of hypertension can be increased when Metamizole is combined with Amitraz.
Medetomidine The risk or severity of hypertension can be increased when Metamizole is combined with Medetomidine.
Xylazine The risk or severity of hypertension can be increased when Metamizole is combined with Xylazine.

Target Protein

Prostaglandin G/H synthase 1 PTGS1

Referensi & Sumber

Artikel (PubMed)
  • PMID: 34038591
    Cascorbi I: The Uncertainties of Metamizole Use. Clin Pharmacol Ther. 2021 Jun;109(6):1373-1375. doi: 10.1002/cpt.2258.
  • PMID: 31433499
    Lutz M: Metamizole (Dipyrone) and the Liver: A Review of the Literature. J Clin Pharmacol. 2019 Nov;59(11):1433-1442. doi: 10.1002/jcph.1512. Epub 2019 Aug 21.
  • PMID: 7758252
    Levy M, Zylber-Katz E, Rosenkranz B: Clinical pharmacokinetics of dipyrone and its metabolites. Clin Pharmacokinet. 1995 Mar;28(3):216-34. doi: 10.2165/00003088-199528030-00004.
  • PMID: 4054207
    Zylber-Katz E, Granit L, Levy M: Plasma protein binding of dipyrone metabolites in man. Eur J Clin Pharmacol. 1985;29(1):67-71. doi: 10.1007/BF00547371.
  • PMID: 15362592
    Bentur Y, Cohen O: Dipyrone overdose. J Toxicol Clin Toxicol. 2004;42(3):261-5. doi: 10.1081/clt-120037425.
  • PMID: 24724493
    Jasiecka A, Maslanka T, Jaroszewski JJ: Pharmacological characteristics of metamizole. Pol J Vet Sci. 2014;17(1):207-14. doi: 10.2478/pjvs-2014-0030.
  • PMID: 25058903
    dos Santos GG, Dias EV, Teixeira JM, Athie MC, Bonet IJ, Tambeli CH, Parada CA: The analgesic effect of dipyrone in peripheral tissue involves two different mechanisms: neuronal K(ATP) channel opening and CB(1) receptor activation. Eur J Pharmacol. 2014 Oct 15;741:124-31. doi: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2014.07.019. Epub 2014 Jul 21.
  • PMID: 12242329
    Chandrasekharan NV, Dai H, Roos KL, Evanson NK, Tomsik J, Elton TS, Simmons DL: COX-3, a cyclooxygenase-1 variant inhibited by acetaminophen and other analgesic/antipyretic drugs: cloning, structure, and expression. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2002 Oct 15;99(21):13926-31. Epub 2002 Sep 19.

Contoh Produk & Brand

Produk: 0 • International brands: 10
International Brands
  • Algocalmin
  • Algozone
  • Analgin
  • Dimethone
  • Dipirona
  • Neo-Melubrina
  • Novalgin
  • Optalgin
  • Protemp
  • Pyralgin

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