Peringatan Keamanan

Oral LD50 value in rats is 25800mg/kg. The administration of glucose infusions can cause fluid and solute overloading resulting in dilution of the serum electrolyte concentrations, overhydration, congested states, or pulmonary edema. Hypersensitivity reactions may also occur including anaphylactic/anaphylactoid reactions from oral tablets and intravenous infusions.L786

D-glucose

DB01914

small molecule approved investigational vet_approved

Deskripsi

Glucose is a simple sugar (monosaccharide) generated during phosynthesis involving water, carbon and sunlight in plants. It is produced in humans via hepatic gluconeogenesis and breakdown of polymeric glucose forms (glycogenolysis). It circulates in human circulation as blood glucose and acts as an essential energy source for many organisms through aerobic or anaerobic respiration and fermentation.A19399 It is primarily stored as starch in plants and glycogen in animals to be used in various metabolic processes in the cellular level. Its aldohexose stereoisomer, dextrose or D-glucose, is the most commonly occurring isomer of glucose in nature. L-glucose is a synthesized enantiomer that is used as a low-calorie sweetener and laxative.T28 The unspecified form of glucose is commonly supplied as an injection for nutritional supplementation or metabolic disorders where glucose levels are improperly regulated.L786 Glucose is listed on the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines, the most important medications needed in a basic health system.

Struktur Molekul 2D

Berat 180.1559
Wujud solid

Peta Jejaring Molekuler
Legenda: Obat • Target • Gen • Enzim • (Panah → menunjukkan arah efek / relasi) • Transporter • Carrier

Profil Farmakokinetik

Waktu Paruh (Half-Life) The approximate half-life is 14.3 minutes following intravenous infusion. Gut glucose half-life was markedly higher in females (79 ± 2 min) than in males (65 ± 3 min, P < 0.0001) and negatively related to body height (r = -0.481; P < 0.0001).[A19407]
Volume Distribusi The mean volume of distribution after intravenous infusion is 10.6L.[A19407]
Klirens (Clearance) The mean metabolic clearance rate of glucose (MCR) for the 10 subjects studied at the higher insulin level was 2.27 ± 0.37 ml/kg/min at euglycemia and fell to 1.51±0.21 ml/kg/ at hyperglycemia. The mean MCR for the six subjects studied at the lower insulin level was 1.91 ± 0.31 ml/kg/min at euglycemia.[A19408]

Absorpsi

Polysaccharides can be broken down into smaller units by pancreatic and intestinal glycosidases or intestinal flora. Sodium-dependent glucose transporter SGLT1 and GLUT2 (SLC2A2) play predominant roles in intestinal transport of glucose into the circulation.A19395 SGLT1 is located in the apical membrane of the intestinal wall while GLUT2 is located in the basolateral membrane, but it was proposed that GLUT2 can be recruited into the apical membrane after a high luminal glucose bolus allowing bulk absorption of glucose by facilitated diffusion.A19400 Oral preparation of glucose reaches the peak concentration within 40 minutes and the intravenous infusions display 100% bioavailability.A19406

Metabolisme

Glucose can undergo aerobic oxidation in conjunction with the synthesis of energy molecules. Glycolysis is the initial stage of glucose metabolism where one glucose molecule is degraded into two molecules of pyruvate via substrate-level phosphorylation. These products are transported to the mitochondria where they are further oxidized into oxygen and carbon dioxide.A19402

Rute Eliminasi

Glucose can be renally excreted.A19408

Interaksi Obat

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Referensi & Sumber

Artikel (PubMed)
Menampilkan 8 dari 9 artikel.
Textbook
  • ISBN: 978-0-7020-3471-8
    Rang, H. P. and Dale, M. M. (2012). Rang and Dale's Pharmacology (7th ed.). Edinburgh: Elsevier/Churchill Livingstone.
  • ISBN: 0-7167-3136-3
    Lodish H, Berk A, Zipursky SL, Matsudaira P, Baltimore D, and Darnell J. (2000). Molecular Cell Biology (4th ed.). New York: W. H. Freeman.

Contoh Produk & Brand

Produk: 592 • International brands: 0
Produk
  • 25% Dextrose Infant
    Injection, solution • 250 mg/1mL • Intravenous • US • Approved
  • 5% Dextrose
    Injection, solution • 5000 mg/100mL • Intravenous • US
  • 5% Dextrose
    Injection, solution • 5 g/100mL • Intravenous • US • Approved
  • 5% Dextrose
    Injection, solution • 5 g/100mL • Intravenous • US • Approved
  • 5% Dextrose Injection
    Solution • 50 mg / mL • Intravenous • Canada • Approved
  • 50% Dextrose
    Injection, solution • 25 g/50mL • Intravenous • US • Approved
  • Acd A
    Injection, solution • - • Intravenous • US • Generic • Approved
  • Acd A
    Injection, solution • - • Intravenous • US • Generic • Approved
Menampilkan 8 dari 592 produk.

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