Peringatan Keamanan

Toxicity information regarding lincomycin is not readily available. Patients experiencing an overdose are at an increased risk of severe adverse effects such as gastrointestinal effects including colitis, secondary infections, and severe hypersensitivity reactions. Symptomatic and supportive measures are recommended. It is important to note that hemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis do not appreciably affect lincomycin serum concentrations.L33214

Lincomycin

DB01627

small molecule approved vet_approved

Deskripsi

Lincomycin is a lincosamide antibiotic first isolated from the soil bacterium Streptomyces lincolnensis in Lincoln, Nebraska.A190621 Clinical use of lincomycin has largely been superseded by its semisynthetic derivative clindamycin due to its higher efficacy and a wider range of susceptible organisms, though lincomycin remains in use.A190657, A190621

Lincomycin was approved by the FDA on December 29, 1964.L33214

Struktur Molekul 2D

Berat 406.54
Wujud solid

Peta Jejaring Molekuler
Legenda: Obat • Target • Gen • Enzim • (Panah → menunjukkan arah efek / relasi) • Transporter • Carrier

Profil Farmakokinetik

Waktu Paruh (Half-Life) Lincomycin has a biological half-life of 5.4 ± 1.0 hours following intramuscular or intravenous administration, which is prolonged in patients with impaired hepatic or renal function.[L33214]
Volume Distribusi Lincomycin administered intravenously to healthy adult males had a steady-state volume of distribution of 63.8 ± 23.8, 78.8 ± 17.0, and 105.1 ± 43.1 L for 600, 1200, and 2400 mg doses, respectively.[A233844]
Klirens (Clearance) Lincomycin administered intravenously to healthy adult males had a clearance of 9.9 ± 2.5, 10.0 ± 2.0, and 11.8 ± 2.4 L/h for 600, 1200, and 2400 mg doses, respectively.[A233844]

Absorpsi

A 600 mg dose of lincomycin administered over two hours intravenously results in an average Cmax of 15.9 ?g/mL while the same dose given by intramuscular injection produces an average Cmax of 11.6 ?g/mL after 60 minutes.L33214 Lincomycin administered intramuscularly to healthy adult male volunteers in doses between 600 and 1500 mg had an AUC0-? between 92.22 and 159.91 ?g\*h/mL.A233839 A similar study using intravenous infusion of 600-2400 mg lincomycin found AUC0-? values between 72.5 and 212.8 ?g\*h/mL.A233844 Overall, the AUC increases disproportionally to dose.A233839, A233844

Metabolisme

Lincomycin metabolism is poorly defined, though the primary product recovered following administration in humans is unchanged lincomycin.L33304

Rute Eliminasi

Following a 600 mg dose of lincomycin given either intramuscularly or intravenously, the urinary excretion ranges from 1.8-30.3% of the administered dose. Bile is also thought to be an important route of elimination. Dose adjustments are required in patients with either renal or hepatic impairment.L33214

Interaksi Obat

288 Data
Succinylcholine The therapeutic efficacy of Succinylcholine can be increased when used in combination with Lincomycin.
Metocurine iodide The therapeutic efficacy of Metocurine iodide can be increased when used in combination with Lincomycin.
Gallamine triethiodide The therapeutic efficacy of Gallamine triethiodide can be increased when used in combination with Lincomycin.
Cisatracurium Lincomycin may increase the neuromuscular blocking activities of Cisatracurium.
Rocuronium The therapeutic efficacy of Rocuronium can be increased when used in combination with Lincomycin.
Atracurium besylate The therapeutic efficacy of Atracurium besylate can be increased when used in combination with Lincomycin.
Doxacurium The therapeutic efficacy of Doxacurium can be increased when used in combination with Lincomycin.
Mivacurium The therapeutic efficacy of Mivacurium can be increased when used in combination with Lincomycin.
Decamethonium The therapeutic efficacy of Decamethonium can be increased when used in combination with Lincomycin.
Metocurine The therapeutic efficacy of Metocurine can be increased when used in combination with Lincomycin.
Pancuronium The therapeutic efficacy of Pancuronium can be increased when used in combination with Lincomycin.
Pipecuronium The therapeutic efficacy of Pipecuronium can be increased when used in combination with Lincomycin.
Vecuronium The therapeutic efficacy of Vecuronium can be increased when used in combination with Lincomycin.
Rapacuronium The therapeutic efficacy of Rapacuronium can be increased when used in combination with Lincomycin.
Pyrantel The therapeutic efficacy of Pyrantel can be increased when used in combination with Lincomycin.
Neosaxitoxin The therapeutic efficacy of Neosaxitoxin can be increased when used in combination with Lincomycin.
Atracurium The therapeutic efficacy of Atracurium can be increased when used in combination with Lincomycin.
Gallamine The therapeutic efficacy of Gallamine can be increased when used in combination with Lincomycin.
Alcuronium The therapeutic efficacy of Alcuronium can be increased when used in combination with Lincomycin.
Tubocurarine The therapeutic efficacy of Tubocurarine can be increased when used in combination with Lincomycin.
Kaolin Kaolin can cause a decrease in the absorption of Lincomycin resulting in a reduced serum concentration and potentially a decrease in efficacy.
Picosulfuric acid The therapeutic efficacy of Picosulfuric acid can be decreased when used in combination with Lincomycin.
Erythromycin The therapeutic efficacy of Erythromycin can be decreased when used in combination with Lincomycin.
BCG vaccine The therapeutic efficacy of BCG vaccine can be decreased when used in combination with Lincomycin.
Typhoid vaccine The therapeutic efficacy of Typhoid vaccine can be decreased when used in combination with Lincomycin.
Cyclosporine The risk or severity of neuromuscular blockade can be increased when Cyclosporine is combined with Lincomycin.
Doxycycline The risk or severity of neuromuscular blockade can be increased when Doxycycline is combined with Lincomycin.
Lymecycline The risk or severity of neuromuscular blockade can be increased when Lymecycline is combined with Lincomycin.
Capreomycin The risk or severity of neuromuscular blockade can be increased when Capreomycin is combined with Lincomycin.
Piperacillin The risk or severity of neuromuscular blockade can be increased when Piperacillin is combined with Lincomycin.
Framycetin The risk or severity of neuromuscular blockade can be increased when Framycetin is combined with Lincomycin.
Clomocycline The risk or severity of neuromuscular blockade can be increased when Clomocycline is combined with Lincomycin.
Quinine The risk or severity of neuromuscular blockade can be increased when Quinine is combined with Lincomycin.
Vancomycin The risk or severity of neuromuscular blockade can be increased when Vancomycin is combined with Lincomycin.
Tigecycline The risk or severity of neuromuscular blockade can be increased when Tigecycline is combined with Lincomycin.
Oxytetracycline The risk or severity of neuromuscular blockade can be increased when Oxytetracycline is combined with Lincomycin.
Chloroquine The risk or severity of neuromuscular blockade can be increased when Chloroquine is combined with Lincomycin.
Demeclocycline The risk or severity of neuromuscular blockade can be increased when Demeclocycline is combined with Lincomycin.
Magnesium sulfate The risk or severity of neuromuscular blockade can be increased when Magnesium sulfate is combined with Lincomycin.
Tobramycin The risk or severity of neuromuscular blockade can be increased when Tobramycin is combined with Lincomycin.
Tetracycline The risk or severity of neuromuscular blockade can be increased when Tetracycline is combined with Lincomycin.
Gentamicin The risk or severity of neuromuscular blockade can be increased when Gentamicin is combined with Lincomycin.
Etacrynic acid The risk or severity of neuromuscular blockade can be increased when Etacrynic acid is combined with Lincomycin.
Quinidine The risk or severity of neuromuscular blockade can be increased when Quinidine is combined with Lincomycin.
Metacycline The risk or severity of neuromuscular blockade can be increased when Metacycline is combined with Lincomycin.
Netilmicin The risk or severity of neuromuscular blockade can be increased when Netilmicin is combined with Lincomycin.
Neomycin The risk or severity of neuromuscular blockade can be increased when Neomycin is combined with Lincomycin.
Minocycline The risk or severity of neuromuscular blockade can be increased when Minocycline is combined with Lincomycin.
Procainamide The risk or severity of neuromuscular blockade can be increased when Procainamide is combined with Lincomycin.
Streptomycin The risk or severity of neuromuscular blockade can be increased when Streptomycin is combined with Lincomycin.
Colistimethate The risk or severity of neuromuscular blockade can be increased when Colistimethate is combined with Lincomycin.
Kanamycin The risk or severity of neuromuscular blockade can be increased when Kanamycin is combined with Lincomycin.
Clindamycin The risk or severity of neuromuscular blockade can be increased when Clindamycin is combined with Lincomycin.
Dantrolene The risk or severity of neuromuscular blockade can be increased when Dantrolene is combined with Lincomycin.
Rolitetracycline The risk or severity of neuromuscular blockade can be increased when Rolitetracycline is combined with Lincomycin.
Magnesium oxide The risk or severity of neuromuscular blockade can be increased when Magnesium oxide is combined with Lincomycin.
Magnesium cation The risk or severity of neuromuscular blockade can be increased when Magnesium cation is combined with Lincomycin.
Paromomycin The risk or severity of neuromuscular blockade can be increased when Paromomycin is combined with Lincomycin.
Ribostamycin The risk or severity of neuromuscular blockade can be increased when Lincomycin is combined with Ribostamycin.
Geneticin The risk or severity of neuromuscular blockade can be increased when Lincomycin is combined with Geneticin.
Apramycin The risk or severity of neuromuscular blockade can be increased when Lincomycin is combined with Apramycin.
Gentamicin C1a The risk or severity of neuromuscular blockade can be increased when Lincomycin is combined with Gentamicin C1a.
Neamine The risk or severity of neuromuscular blockade can be increased when Lincomycin is combined with Neamine.
Arbekacin The risk or severity of neuromuscular blockade can be increased when Lincomycin is combined with Arbekacin.
Viomycin The risk or severity of neuromuscular blockade can be increased when Lincomycin is combined with Viomycin.
Puromycin The risk or severity of neuromuscular blockade can be increased when Lincomycin is combined with Puromycin.
Magnesium hydroxide The risk or severity of neuromuscular blockade can be increased when Lincomycin is combined with Magnesium hydroxide.
Magnesium trisilicate The risk or severity of neuromuscular blockade can be increased when Lincomycin is combined with Magnesium trisilicate.
Magnesium chloride The risk or severity of neuromuscular blockade can be increased when Lincomycin is combined with Magnesium chloride.
Magnesium acetate tetrahydrate The risk or severity of neuromuscular blockade can be increased when Lincomycin is combined with Magnesium acetate tetrahydrate.
Magnesium carbonate The risk or severity of neuromuscular blockade can be increased when Lincomycin is combined with Magnesium carbonate.
Magnesium citrate The risk or severity of neuromuscular blockade can be increased when Lincomycin is combined with Magnesium citrate.
Magnesium glycinate The risk or severity of neuromuscular blockade can be increased when Lincomycin is combined with Magnesium glycinate.
Magnesium Aluminum Silicate The risk or severity of neuromuscular blockade can be increased when Lincomycin is combined with Magnesium Aluminum Silicate.
Dihydrostreptomycin The risk or severity of neuromuscular blockade can be increased when Lincomycin is combined with Dihydrostreptomycin.
Hygromycin B The risk or severity of neuromuscular blockade can be increased when Lincomycin is combined with Hygromycin B.
Sisomicin The risk or severity of neuromuscular blockade can be increased when Lincomycin is combined with Sisomicin.
Plazomicin The risk or severity of neuromuscular blockade can be increased when Lincomycin is combined with Plazomicin.
Magnesium silicate The risk or severity of neuromuscular blockade can be increased when Lincomycin is combined with Magnesium silicate.
Penimepicycline The risk or severity of neuromuscular blockade can be increased when Lincomycin is combined with Penimepicycline.
Magnesium aspartate The risk or severity of neuromuscular blockade can be increased when Lincomycin is combined with Magnesium aspartate.
Isepamicin The risk or severity of neuromuscular blockade can be increased when Lincomycin is combined with Isepamicin.
Magnesium gluconate The risk or severity of neuromuscular blockade can be increased when Lincomycin is combined with Magnesium gluconate.
Magnesium orotate The risk or severity of neuromuscular blockade can be increased when Lincomycin is combined with Magnesium orotate.
Magnesium phosphate The risk or severity of neuromuscular blockade can be increased when Lincomycin is combined with Magnesium phosphate.
Magnesium acetate The risk or severity of neuromuscular blockade can be increased when Lincomycin is combined with Magnesium acetate.
Magnesium stearate The risk or severity of neuromuscular blockade can be increased when Lincomycin is combined with Magnesium stearate.
Colistin The risk or severity of neuromuscular blockade can be increased when Colistin is combined with Lincomycin.
Botulinum toxin type B The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Lincomycin is combined with Botulinum toxin type B.
Botulinum toxin type A The therapeutic efficacy of Botulinum toxin type A can be increased when used in combination with Lincomycin.
Nicotine The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Lincomycin is combined with Nicotine.
Mecamylamine The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Lincomycin is combined with Mecamylamine.
Pentolinium The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Lincomycin is combined with Pentolinium.
Trimethaphan The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Lincomycin is combined with Trimethaphan.
Hexamethonium The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Lincomycin is combined with Hexamethonium.
Cyclopentamine The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Lincomycin is combined with Cyclopentamine.
Dicoumarol The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Lincomycin is combined with Dicoumarol.
Phenindione The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Lincomycin is combined with Phenindione.
Warfarin The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Lincomycin is combined with Warfarin.
Phenprocoumon The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Lincomycin is combined with Phenprocoumon.

Target Protein

23S ribosomal RNA

Referensi & Sumber

Synthesis reference: Alexander D. Argoudelis, David W. Stroman, "Process of producing lincomycin nucleotides." U.S. Patent US4464466, issued June, 1972.
Artikel (PubMed)
  • PMID: 14762701
    Spizek J, Rezanka T: Lincomycin, clindamycin and their applications. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol. 2004 May;64(4):455-64. doi: 10.1007/s00253-003-1545-7. Epub 2004 Feb 5.
  • PMID: 27940264
    Spizek J, Rezanka T: Lincosamides: Chemical structure, biosynthesis, mechanism of action, resistance, and applications. Biochem Pharmacol. 2017 Jun 1;133:20-28. doi: 10.1016/j.bcp.2016.12.001. Epub 2016 Dec 7.
  • PMID: 10896103
    Verdier L, Bertho G, Gharbi-Benarous J, Girault JP: Lincomycin and clindamycin conformations. A fragment shared by macrolides, ketolides and lincosamides determined from TRNOE ribosome-bound conformations. Bioorg Med Chem. 2000 Jun;8(6):1225-43. doi: 10.1016/s0968-0896(00)00081-x.
  • PMID: 16760473
    Kouvela EC, Petropoulos AD, Kalpaxis DL: Unraveling new features of clindamycin interaction with functional ribosomes and dependence of the drug potency on polyamines. J Biol Chem. 2006 Aug 11;281(32):23103-10. doi: 10.1074/jbc.M603263200. Epub 2006 Jun 7.
  • PMID: 23923646
    Kostopoulou ON, Papadopoulos G, Kouvela EC, Kalpaxis DL: Clindamycin binding to ribosomes revisited: foot printing and computational detection of two binding sites within the peptidyl transferase center. Pharmazie. 2013 Jul;68(7):616-21.
  • PMID: 28973455
    Matzov D, Eyal Z, Benhamou RI, Shalev-Benami M, Halfon Y, Krupkin M, Zimmerman E, Rozenberg H, Bashan A, Fridman M, Yonath A: Structural insights of lincosamides targeting the ribosome of Staphylococcus aureus. Nucleic Acids Res. 2017 Sep 29;45(17):10284-10292. doi: 10.1093/nar/gkx658.
  • PMID: 7309904
    Smith RB, Lummis WL, Monovich RE, DeSante KA: Lincomycin serum and saliva concentrations after intramuscular injection of high doses. J Clin Pharmacol. 1981 Oct;21(10):411-7. doi: 10.1002/j.1552-4604.1981.tb01742.x.
  • PMID: 3950061
    Gwilt PR, Smith RB: Protein binding and pharmacokinetics of lincomycin following intravenous administration of high doses. J Clin Pharmacol. 1986 Feb;26(2):87-90. doi: 10.1002/j.1552-4604.1986.tb02911.x.
Menampilkan 8 dari 9 artikel.

Contoh Produk & Brand

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Sekuens Gen/Protein (FASTA)

Sekuens dimuat saat dibutuhkan agar halaman tetap ringan.
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