Calcium plays a vital role in the anatomy, physiology and biochemistry of organisms and of the cell, particularly in signal transduction pathways. The skeleton acts as a major mineral storage site for the element and releases Ca2+ ions into the bloodstream under controlled conditions. Circulating calcium is either in the free, ionized form or bound to blood proteins such as serum albumin. Although calcium flow to and from the bone is neutral, about 5 mmol is turned over a day. Bone serves as an important storage point for calcium, as it contains 99% of the total body calcium. Low calcium intake may also be a risk factor in the development of osteoporosis. The best-absorbed form of calcium from a pill is a calcium salt like carbonate or phosphate. Calcium gluconate and calcium lactate are absorbed well by pregnant women. Seniors absorb calcium lactate, gluconate and citrate better unless they take their calcium supplement with a full breakfast.
Fitur visualisasi ini dikembangkan menggunakan pendekatan Graph Theory untuk memetakan hubungan polifarmasi dan molekuler. Entitas (Obat, Target, Gen) direpresentasikan sebagai Simpul (Nodes), sedangkan hubungan biologisnya sebagai Sisi (Edges).
drugbank-id dan name pada skema XML DrugBank.targets/target yang memuat polipeptida sasaran.gene-name dan varian snp-effects.Tata letak grafik menggunakan algoritma Force-Directed Graph (Barnes-Hut). Model fisika ini menerapkan gaya tolak-menolak antar simpul (Gravitasi: -3000) agar tidak tumpang tindih, serta gaya pegas (Spring: 0.04) pada garis penghubung untuk fleksibilitas interaksi.
| Moxifloxacin | Calcium can cause a decrease in the absorption of Moxifloxacin resulting in a reduced serum concentration and potentially a decrease in efficacy. |
| Grepafloxacin | Calcium can cause a decrease in the absorption of Grepafloxacin resulting in a reduced serum concentration and potentially a decrease in efficacy. |
| Enoxacin | Calcium can cause a decrease in the absorption of Enoxacin resulting in a reduced serum concentration and potentially a decrease in efficacy. |
| Pefloxacin | Calcium can cause a decrease in the absorption of Pefloxacin resulting in a reduced serum concentration and potentially a decrease in efficacy. |
| Ciprofloxacin | Calcium can cause a decrease in the absorption of Ciprofloxacin resulting in a reduced serum concentration and potentially a decrease in efficacy. |
| Trovafloxacin | Calcium can cause a decrease in the absorption of Trovafloxacin resulting in a reduced serum concentration and potentially a decrease in efficacy. |
| Nalidixic acid | Calcium can cause a decrease in the absorption of Nalidixic acid resulting in a reduced serum concentration and potentially a decrease in efficacy. |
| Rosoxacin | Calcium can cause a decrease in the absorption of Rosoxacin resulting in a reduced serum concentration and potentially a decrease in efficacy. |
| Cinoxacin | Calcium can cause a decrease in the absorption of Cinoxacin resulting in a reduced serum concentration and potentially a decrease in efficacy. |
| Lomefloxacin | Calcium can cause a decrease in the absorption of Lomefloxacin resulting in a reduced serum concentration and potentially a decrease in efficacy. |
| Gatifloxacin | Calcium can cause a decrease in the absorption of Gatifloxacin resulting in a reduced serum concentration and potentially a decrease in efficacy. |
| Norfloxacin | Calcium can cause a decrease in the absorption of Norfloxacin resulting in a reduced serum concentration and potentially a decrease in efficacy. |
| Levofloxacin | Calcium can cause a decrease in the absorption of Levofloxacin resulting in a reduced serum concentration and potentially a decrease in efficacy. |
| Gemifloxacin | Calcium can cause a decrease in the absorption of Gemifloxacin resulting in a reduced serum concentration and potentially a decrease in efficacy. |
| Ofloxacin | Calcium can cause a decrease in the absorption of Ofloxacin resulting in a reduced serum concentration and potentially a decrease in efficacy. |
| Sparfloxacin | Calcium can cause a decrease in the absorption of Sparfloxacin resulting in a reduced serum concentration and potentially a decrease in efficacy. |
| Temafloxacin | Calcium can cause a decrease in the absorption of Temafloxacin resulting in a reduced serum concentration and potentially a decrease in efficacy. |
| Fleroxacin | Calcium can cause a decrease in the absorption of Fleroxacin resulting in a reduced serum concentration and potentially a decrease in efficacy. |
| Technetium Tc-99m ciprofloxacin | Calcium can cause a decrease in the absorption of Technetium Tc-99m ciprofloxacin resulting in a reduced serum concentration and potentially a decrease in efficacy. |
| Garenoxacin | Calcium can cause a decrease in the absorption of Garenoxacin resulting in a reduced serum concentration and potentially a decrease in efficacy. |
| Nemonoxacin | Calcium can cause a decrease in the absorption of Nemonoxacin resulting in a reduced serum concentration and potentially a decrease in efficacy. |
| Flumequine | Calcium can cause a decrease in the absorption of Flumequine resulting in a reduced serum concentration and potentially a decrease in efficacy. |
| Enrofloxacin | Calcium can cause a decrease in the absorption of Enrofloxacin resulting in a reduced serum concentration and potentially a decrease in efficacy. |
| Orbifloxacin | Calcium can cause a decrease in the absorption of Orbifloxacin resulting in a reduced serum concentration and potentially a decrease in efficacy. |
| Sarafloxacin | Calcium can cause a decrease in the absorption of Sarafloxacin resulting in a reduced serum concentration and potentially a decrease in efficacy. |
| Difloxacin | Calcium can cause a decrease in the absorption of Difloxacin resulting in a reduced serum concentration and potentially a decrease in efficacy. |
| Pazufloxacin | Calcium can cause a decrease in the absorption of Pazufloxacin resulting in a reduced serum concentration and potentially a decrease in efficacy. |
| Prulifloxacin | Calcium can cause a decrease in the absorption of Prulifloxacin resulting in a reduced serum concentration and potentially a decrease in efficacy. |
| Delafloxacin | Calcium can cause a decrease in the absorption of Delafloxacin resulting in a reduced serum concentration and potentially a decrease in efficacy. |
| Sitafloxacin | Calcium can cause a decrease in the absorption of Sitafloxacin resulting in a reduced serum concentration and potentially a decrease in efficacy. |
| Oxolinic acid | Calcium can cause a decrease in the absorption of Oxolinic acid resulting in a reduced serum concentration and potentially a decrease in efficacy. |
| Rufloxacin | Calcium can cause a decrease in the absorption of Rufloxacin resulting in a reduced serum concentration and potentially a decrease in efficacy. |
| Pipemidic acid | Calcium can cause a decrease in the absorption of Pipemidic acid resulting in a reduced serum concentration and potentially a decrease in efficacy. |
| Ceftriaxone | The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Calcium is combined with Ceftriaxone. |
| Deferiprone | The serum concentration of Deferiprone can be decreased when it is combined with Calcium. |
| Dobutamine | The therapeutic efficacy of Dobutamine can be decreased when used in combination with Calcium. |
| Dolutegravir | The serum concentration of Dolutegravir can be decreased when it is combined with Calcium. |
| Eltrombopag | The serum concentration of Eltrombopag can be decreased when it is combined with Calcium. |
| Estramustine | Calcium can cause a decrease in the absorption of Estramustine resulting in a reduced serum concentration and potentially a decrease in efficacy. |
| Calcium acetate | The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Calcium is combined with Calcium acetate. |
| Digoxin | Calcium may increase the arrhythmogenic and cardiotoxic activities of Digoxin. |
| Acetyldigitoxin | Calcium may increase the arrhythmogenic and cardiotoxic activities of Acetyldigitoxin. |
| Deslanoside | Calcium may increase the arrhythmogenic and cardiotoxic activities of Deslanoside. |
| Ouabain | Calcium may increase the arrhythmogenic and cardiotoxic activities of Ouabain. |
| Digitoxin | Calcium may increase the arrhythmogenic and cardiotoxic activities of Digitoxin. |
| Oleandrin | Calcium may increase the arrhythmogenic and cardiotoxic activities of Oleandrin. |
| Cymarin | Calcium may increase the arrhythmogenic and cardiotoxic activities of Cymarin. |
| Proscillaridin | Calcium may increase the arrhythmogenic and cardiotoxic activities of Proscillaridin. |
| Metildigoxin | Calcium may increase the arrhythmogenic and cardiotoxic activities of Metildigoxin. |
| Lanatoside C | Calcium may increase the arrhythmogenic and cardiotoxic activities of Lanatoside C. |
| Gitoformate | Calcium may increase the arrhythmogenic and cardiotoxic activities of Gitoformate. |
| Acetyldigoxin | Calcium may increase the arrhythmogenic and cardiotoxic activities of Acetyldigoxin. |
| Peruvoside | Calcium may increase the arrhythmogenic and cardiotoxic activities of Peruvoside. |
| Strontium ranelate | The serum concentration of Strontium ranelate can be decreased when it is combined with Calcium. |
| Doxycycline | The serum concentration of Doxycycline can be decreased when it is combined with Calcium. |
| Lymecycline | The serum concentration of Lymecycline can be decreased when it is combined with Calcium. |
| Clomocycline | The serum concentration of Clomocycline can be decreased when it is combined with Calcium. |
| Oxytetracycline | The serum concentration of Oxytetracycline can be decreased when it is combined with Calcium. |
| Demeclocycline | The serum concentration of Demeclocycline can be decreased when it is combined with Calcium. |
| Tetracycline | The serum concentration of Tetracycline can be decreased when it is combined with Calcium. |
| Metacycline | The serum concentration of Metacycline can be decreased when it is combined with Calcium. |
| Minocycline | The serum concentration of Minocycline can be decreased when it is combined with Calcium. |
| Sarecycline | The serum concentration of Sarecycline can be decreased when it is combined with Calcium. |
| Omadacycline | The serum concentration of Omadacycline can be decreased when it is combined with Calcium. |
| Penimepicycline | The serum concentration of Penimepicycline can be decreased when it is combined with Calcium. |
| Methyclothiazide | Methyclothiazide may decrease the excretion rate of Calcium which could result in a higher serum level. |
| Chlorthalidone | Chlorthalidone may decrease the excretion rate of Calcium which could result in a higher serum level. |
| Bendroflumethiazide | Bendroflumethiazide may decrease the excretion rate of Calcium which could result in a higher serum level. |
| Metolazone | Metolazone may decrease the excretion rate of Calcium which could result in a higher serum level. |
| Benzthiazide | Benzthiazide may decrease the excretion rate of Calcium which could result in a higher serum level. |
| Hydroflumethiazide | Hydroflumethiazide may decrease the excretion rate of Calcium which could result in a higher serum level. |
| Indapamide | Indapamide may decrease the excretion rate of Calcium which could result in a higher serum level. |
| Chlorothiazide | Chlorothiazide may decrease the excretion rate of Calcium which could result in a higher serum level. |
| Hydrochlorothiazide | Hydrochlorothiazide may decrease the excretion rate of Calcium which could result in a higher serum level. |
| Trichlormethiazide | Trichlormethiazide may decrease the excretion rate of Calcium which could result in a higher serum level. |
| Polythiazide | Polythiazide may decrease the excretion rate of Calcium which could result in a higher serum level. |
| Quinethazone | Quinethazone may decrease the excretion rate of Calcium which could result in a higher serum level. |
| Cyclopenthiazide | Cyclopenthiazide may decrease the excretion rate of Calcium which could result in a higher serum level. |
| Epitizide | Epitizide may decrease the excretion rate of Calcium which could result in a higher serum level. |
| Triethylenetetramine | Calcium can cause a decrease in the absorption of Triethylenetetramine resulting in a reduced serum concentration and potentially a decrease in efficacy. |
| Calcitriol | The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Calcitriol is combined with Calcium. |
| Calcifediol | The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Calcifediol is combined with Calcium. |
| Paricalcitol | The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Paricalcitol is combined with Calcium. |
| Dihydrotachysterol | The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Dihydrotachysterol is combined with Calcium. |
| Alfacalcidol | The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Alfacalcidol is combined with Calcium. |
| Calcipotriol | The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Calcipotriol is combined with Calcium. |
| Seocalcitol | The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Seocalcitol is combined with Calcium. |
| Inecalcitol | The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Inecalcitol is combined with Calcium. |
| Becocalcidiol | The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Becocalcidiol is combined with Calcium. |
| Eldecalcitol | The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Eldecalcitol is combined with Calcium. |
| 1alpha,24S-Dihydroxyvitamin D2 | The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when 1alpha,24S-Dihydroxyvitamin D2 is combined with Calcium. |
| Elocalcitol | The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Elocalcitol is combined with Calcium. |
| Maxacalcitol | The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Maxacalcitol is combined with Calcium. |
| Doxercalciferol | The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Doxercalciferol is combined with Calcium. |
| 1alpha-Hydroxyvitamin D5 | The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when 1alpha-Hydroxyvitamin D5 is combined with Calcium. |
| Tacalcitol | The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Tacalcitol is combined with Calcium. |
| Previtamin D(3) | The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Previtamin D(3) is combined with Calcium. |
| Aminocaproic acid | The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Aminocaproic acid is combined with Calcium. |
| Isradipine | The therapeutic efficacy of Isradipine can be decreased when used in combination with Calcium. |
| Diltiazem | The therapeutic efficacy of Diltiazem can be decreased when used in combination with Calcium. |