Peringatan Keamanan

Symptoms of toxicity include diarrhea, nausea, abnormal taste, dyspepsia, and abdominal discomfort. Transient hearing loss with high doses has been observed. Pseudomembraneous colitis has been reported with clarithromycin use. Allergic reactions ranging from urticaria and mild skin eruptions to rare cases of anaphylaxis and Stevens-Johnson syndrome have also occurred. Rare cases of severe hepatic dysfunctions also have been reported. Hepatic failure is usually reversible, but fatalities have been reported. Clarithromycin may also cause tooth decolouration which may be removed by dental cleaning. Fetal abnormalities, such as cardiovascular defects, cleft palate and fetal growth retardation, have been observed in animals. Clarithromycin may cause QT prolongation.

Clarithromycin

DB01211

small molecule approved

Deskripsi

Clarithromycin, a semisynthetic macrolide antibiotic derived from erythromycin, inhibits bacterial protein synthesis by binding to the bacterial 50S ribosomal subunit. Binding inhibits peptidyl transferase activity and interferes with amino acid translocation during the translation and protein assembly process. Clarithromycin may be bacteriostatic or bactericidal depending on the organism and drug concentration.

Struktur Molekul 2D

Berat 747.9534
Wujud solid

Peta Jejaring Molekuler
Legenda: Obat • Target • Gen • Enzim • (Panah → menunjukkan arah efek / relasi) • Transporter • Carrier

Profil Farmakokinetik

Waktu Paruh (Half-Life) 3-4 hours
Volume Distribusi -
Klirens (Clearance) -

Absorpsi

Clarithromycin is well-absorbed, acid stable and may be taken with food.

Metabolisme

Hepatic - predominantly metabolized by CYP3A4 resulting in numerous drug interactions.

Rute Eliminasi

After a 250 mg tablet every 12 hours, approximately 20% of the dose is excreted in the urine as clarithromycin, while after a 500 mg tablet every 12 hours, the urinary excretion of clarithromycin is somewhat greater, approximately 30%.

Interaksi Makanan

1 Data
  • 1. Take with food. Food increases absorption.

Interaksi Obat

1218 Data
Ivabradine Ivabradine may increase the QTc-prolonging activities of Clarithromycin.
Afatinib The serum concentration of Afatinib can be increased when it is combined with Clarithromycin.
Bosutinib The serum concentration of Bosutinib can be increased when it is combined with Clarithromycin.
Brentuximab vedotin The serum concentration of Brentuximab vedotin can be increased when it is combined with Clarithromycin.
Troglitazone Troglitazone may decrease the excretion rate of Clarithromycin which could result in a higher serum level.
Reserpine Reserpine may decrease the excretion rate of Clarithromycin which could result in a higher serum level.
Cimetidine Cimetidine may decrease the excretion rate of Clarithromycin which could result in a higher serum level.
Ursodeoxycholic acid Ursodeoxycholic acid may decrease the excretion rate of Clarithromycin which could result in a higher serum level.
Cholic Acid Cholic Acid may decrease the excretion rate of Clarithromycin which could result in a higher serum level.
Letermovir The metabolism of Clarithromycin can be decreased when combined with Letermovir.
Valinomycin Valinomycin may decrease the excretion rate of Clarithromycin which could result in a higher serum level.
Olmesartan Olmesartan may decrease the excretion rate of Clarithromycin which could result in a higher serum level.
Edoxaban The serum concentration of Edoxaban can be increased when it is combined with Clarithromycin.
Ledipasvir The serum concentration of Ledipasvir can be increased when it is combined with Clarithromycin.
Naloxegol The serum concentration of Naloxegol can be increased when it is combined with Clarithromycin.
Pazopanib The serum concentration of Pazopanib can be increased when it is combined with Clarithromycin.
Prucalopride The serum concentration of Prucalopride can be increased when it is combined with Clarithromycin.
Silodosin The excretion of Silodosin can be decreased when combined with Clarithromycin.
Topotecan The serum concentration of Topotecan can be increased when it is combined with Clarithromycin.
Eliglustat The metabolism of Eliglustat can be decreased when combined with Clarithromycin.
Ibrutinib The metabolism of Ibrutinib can be decreased when combined with Clarithromycin.
Alfentanil The serum concentration of Alfentanil can be increased when it is combined with Clarithromycin.
Buspirone The metabolism of Buspirone can be decreased when combined with Clarithromycin.
Carbamazepine The metabolism of Carbamazepine can be decreased when combined with Clarithromycin.
Cisapride The serum concentration of Cisapride can be increased when it is combined with Clarithromycin.
Disopyramide Clarithromycin may increase the QTc-prolonging activities of Disopyramide.
Estazolam The serum concentration of Estazolam can be increased when it is combined with Clarithromycin.
Everolimus The serum concentration of Everolimus can be increased when it is combined with Clarithromycin.
Pimozide The risk or severity of QTc prolongation and ventricular arrhythmias can be increased when Clarithromycin is combined with Pimozide.
Quinine The serum concentration of Quinine can be increased when it is combined with Clarithromycin.
Quinidine The metabolism of Quinidine can be decreased when combined with Clarithromycin.
Repaglinide The serum concentration of Repaglinide can be increased when it is combined with Clarithromycin.
Rifaximin The serum concentration of Rifaximin can be increased when it is combined with Clarithromycin.
Rilpivirine The serum concentration of Rilpivirine can be increased when it is combined with Clarithromycin.
Terfenadine The serum concentration of Terfenadine can be increased when it is combined with Clarithromycin.
Triazolam The serum concentration of Triazolam can be increased when it is combined with Clarithromycin.
Cilostazol The metabolism of Cilostazol can be decreased when combined with Clarithromycin.
Nelfinavir The serum concentration of Clarithromycin can be increased when it is combined with Nelfinavir.
Indinavir The serum concentration of Clarithromycin can be increased when it is combined with Indinavir.
Ritonavir The serum concentration of Clarithromycin can be increased when it is combined with Ritonavir.
Amprenavir The serum concentration of Clarithromycin can be increased when it is combined with Amprenavir.
Tipranavir The serum concentration of Clarithromycin can be increased when it is combined with Tipranavir.
Atazanavir The serum concentration of Clarithromycin can be increased when it is combined with Atazanavir.
Saquinavir The serum concentration of Clarithromycin can be increased when it is combined with Saquinavir.
Fosamprenavir The serum concentration of Clarithromycin can be increased when it is combined with Fosamprenavir.
Lopinavir The serum concentration of Clarithromycin can be increased when it is combined with Lopinavir.
Asunaprevir The serum concentration of Clarithromycin can be increased when it is combined with Asunaprevir.
TMC-310911 The serum concentration of Clarithromycin can be increased when it is combined with TMC-310911.
Colchicine The serum concentration of Colchicine can be increased when it is combined with Clarithromycin.
Fentanyl The metabolism of Fentanyl can be decreased when combined with Clarithromycin.
Iloperidone The metabolism of Iloperidone can be decreased when combined with Clarithromycin.
Retapamulin The metabolism of Retapamulin can be decreased when combined with Clarithromycin.
Tofacitinib The metabolism of Tofacitinib can be decreased when combined with Clarithromycin.
Lovastatin The risk or severity of myopathy and rhabdomyolysis can be increased when Clarithromycin is combined with Lovastatin.
Alprazolam The serum concentration of Alprazolam can be increased when it is combined with Clarithromycin.
Zidovudine Clarithromycin may increase the myelosuppressive activities of Zidovudine.
Bosentan The serum concentration of 14-OH-Clarithromycin, an active metabolite of Bosentan, can be increased when used in combination with Clarithromycin.
Simvastatin The serum concentration of Simvastatin can be increased when it is combined with Clarithromycin.
R,S-Warfarin alcohol The serum concentration of R,S-Warfarin alcohol can be increased when it is combined with Clarithromycin.
S,R-Warfarin alcohol The serum concentration of S,R-Warfarin alcohol can be increased when it is combined with Clarithromycin.
Midazolam The serum concentration of Midazolam can be increased when it is combined with Clarithromycin.
Methysergide The serum concentration of Methysergide can be increased when it is combined with Clarithromycin.
Cabergoline The serum concentration of Cabergoline can be increased when it is combined with Clarithromycin.
Dihydroergotamine The serum concentration of Dihydroergotamine can be increased when it is combined with Clarithromycin.
Methylergometrine The serum concentration of Methylergometrine can be increased when it is combined with Clarithromycin.
Lisuride The serum concentration of Lisuride can be increased when it is combined with Clarithromycin.
Ergotamine The serum concentration of Ergotamine can be increased when it is combined with Clarithromycin.
Nicergoline The serum concentration of Nicergoline can be increased when it is combined with Clarithromycin.
Ergoloid mesylate The serum concentration of Ergoloid mesylate can be increased when it is combined with Clarithromycin.
Pergolide The serum concentration of Pergolide can be increased when it is combined with Clarithromycin.
Bromocriptine The serum concentration of Bromocriptine can be increased when it is combined with Clarithromycin.
Ergometrine The serum concentration of Ergometrine can be increased when it is combined with Clarithromycin.
Lysergic acid diethylamide The serum concentration of Lysergic acid diethylamide can be increased when it is combined with Clarithromycin.
Dihydroergocornine The serum concentration of Dihydroergocornine can be increased when it is combined with Clarithromycin.
Dihydroergocristine The serum concentration of Dihydroergocristine can be increased when it is combined with Clarithromycin.
Dihydroergocryptine The serum concentration of Dihydroergocryptine can be increased when it is combined with Clarithromycin.
Terguride The serum concentration of Terguride can be increased when it is combined with Clarithromycin.
Metergoline The serum concentration of Metergoline can be increased when it is combined with Clarithromycin.
Tacrolimus The serum concentration of Tacrolimus can be increased when it is combined with Clarithromycin.
Glyburide The serum concentration of Glyburide can be increased when it is combined with Clarithromycin.
Glimepiride The serum concentration of Glimepiride can be increased when it is combined with Clarithromycin.
Acetohexamide The serum concentration of Acetohexamide can be increased when it is combined with Clarithromycin.
Chlorpropamide The serum concentration of Chlorpropamide can be increased when it is combined with Clarithromycin.
Tolazamide The serum concentration of Tolazamide can be increased when it is combined with Clarithromycin.
Glipizide The serum concentration of Glipizide can be increased when it is combined with Clarithromycin.
Gliclazide The serum concentration of Gliclazide can be increased when it is combined with Clarithromycin.
Tolbutamide The serum concentration of Tolbutamide can be increased when it is combined with Clarithromycin.
Gliquidone The serum concentration of Gliquidone can be increased when it is combined with Clarithromycin.
Glisoxepide The serum concentration of Glisoxepide can be increased when it is combined with Clarithromycin.
Glibornuride The serum concentration of Glibornuride can be increased when it is combined with Clarithromycin.
Carbutamide The serum concentration of Carbutamide can be increased when it is combined with Clarithromycin.
Metahexamide The serum concentration of Metahexamide can be increased when it is combined with Clarithromycin.
Atorvastatin The risk or severity of rhabdomyolysis can be increased when Clarithromycin is combined with Atorvastatin.
Boceprevir The serum concentration of Boceprevir can be increased when it is combined with Clarithromycin.
Dabigatran etexilate The serum concentration of Dabigatran etexilate can be increased when it is combined with Clarithromycin.
Telaprevir The serum concentration of Telaprevir can be increased when it is combined with Clarithromycin.
Eluxadoline The serum concentration of Eluxadoline can be increased when it is combined with Clarithromycin.
Picosulfuric acid The therapeutic efficacy of Picosulfuric acid can be decreased when used in combination with Clarithromycin.
Vincristine The excretion of Vincristine can be decreased when combined with Clarithromycin.
Vintafolide The serum concentration of Vintafolide can be increased when it is combined with Clarithromycin.

Target Protein

50S ribosomal protein L10 rplJ
Voltage-gated inwardly rectifying potassium channel KCNH2 KCNH2
Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 1B1 SLCO1B1
Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 1B3 SLCO1B3

Referensi & Sumber

Synthesis reference: Jih-Hua Liu, David A. Riley, "Preparation of crystal form II of clarithromycin." U.S. Patent US5844105, issued May, 1997.
Artikel (PubMed)
  • PMID: 17292768
    Malhotra-Kumar S, Lammens C, Coenen S, Van Herck K, Goossens H: Effect of azithromycin and clarithromycin therapy on pharyngeal carriage of macrolide-resistant streptococci in healthy volunteers: a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled study. Lancet. 2007 Feb 10;369(9560):482-90.
  • PMID: 19909895
    Zuckerman JM, Qamar F, Bono BR: Macrolides, ketolides, and glycylcyclines: azithromycin, clarithromycin, telithromycin, tigecycline. Infect Dis Clin North Am. 2009 Dec;23(4):997-1026, ix-x. doi: 10.1016/j.idc.2009.06.013.
  • PMID: 1312921
    Piscitelli SC, Danziger LH, Rodvold KA: Clarithromycin and azithromycin: new macrolide antibiotics. Clin Pharm. 1992 Feb;11(2):137-52.
  • PMID: 1379907
    Peters DH, Clissold SP: Clarithromycin. A review of its antimicrobial activity, pharmacokinetic properties and therapeutic potential. Drugs. 1992 Jul;44(1):117-64.
  • PMID: 18486039
    Authors unspecified: Clarithromycin. Tuberculosis (Edinb). 2008 Mar;88(2):92-5. doi: 10.1016/S1472-9792(08)70005-2.
  • PMID: 9383733
    Stephenson GA, Stowell JG, Toma PH, Pfeiffer RR, Byrn SR: Solid-state investigations of erythromycin A dihydrate: structure, NMR spectroscopy, and hygroscopicity. J Pharm Sci. 1997 Nov;86(11):1239-44.

Contoh Produk & Brand

Produk: 242 • International brands: 6
Produk
  • Aa-lansoprazole-amoxicillin-clarithromycin
    Capsule; Capsule, delayed release; Kit; Tablet • - • Oral • Canada • Generic • Approved
  • Apo-clarithromycin
    Tablet • 250 mg • Oral • Canada • Generic • Approved
  • Apo-clarithromycin
    Tablet • 500 mg • Oral • Canada • Generic • Approved
  • Apo-clarithromycin XL
    Tablet, extended release • 500 mg • Oral • Canada • Generic • Approved
  • Ava-clarithromycin
    Tablet • 250 mg • Oral • Canada • Generic • Approved
  • Ava-clarithromycin
    Tablet • 500 mg • Oral • Canada • Generic • Approved
  • Biaxin
    Tablet, film coated • 250 mg/1 • Oral • US • Approved
  • Biaxin
    Tablet, film coated • 500 mg/1 • Oral • US • Approved
Menampilkan 8 dari 242 produk.
International Brands
  • Klacid XL
  • Klaricid XL
  • Macladin
  • Naxy
  • Veclam
  • Zeclar

Sekuens Gen/Protein (FASTA)

Sekuens dimuat saat dibutuhkan agar halaman tetap ringan.
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