Butenafine

DB01091

small molecule approved

Deskripsi

Butenafine hydrochloride is a synthetic benzylamine antifungal agent. Butenafine's mechanism of action is believed to involve the synthesis inhibition of sterols. In particular, butenafine acts to inhibit the activity of the squalene epoxidase enzyme that is essential in the formation of sterols necessary for fungal cell membranes.

Struktur Molekul 2D

Berat 317.4672

Wujud solid

Peta Jejaring Molekuler

Obat Target Gen Interaksi Enzim Transporter Carrier

Legenda: Obat • Target • Gen • Enzim • (Panah → menunjukkan arah efek / relasi) • Transporter • Carrier

1. Pendahuluan & Konsep

Fitur visualisasi ini dikembangkan menggunakan pendekatan Graph Theory untuk memetakan hubungan polifarmasi dan molekuler. Entitas (Obat, Target, Gen) direpresentasikan sebagai Simpul (Nodes), sedangkan hubungan biologisnya sebagai Sisi (Edges).

2. Sumber Data (Validasi)

Data Obat: Diekstraksi dari elemen drugbank-id dan name pada skema XML DrugBank.
Target Protein: Diambil dari elemen targets/target yang memuat polipeptida sasaran.
Genetik: Disinkronisasi dari sub-elemen gene-name dan varian snp-effects.
Genetik: Jumlah titik node dibatasi pada maksimal 10 (Slice=10) interaksi untuk menghindari tumpukan data.

3. Algoritma Visualisasi

Tata letak grafik menggunakan algoritma Force-Directed Graph (Barnes-Hut). Model fisika ini menerapkan gaya tolak-menolak antar simpul (Gravitasi: -3000) agar tidak tumpang tindih, serta gaya pegas (Spring: 0.04) pada garis penghubung untuk fleksibilitas interaksi.

4. Legenda Visual

Obat Utama (Pusat Analisis)

Target Protein (Mekanisme)

Gen (Faktor Genetik)

Metode ini mendukung analisis Precision Medicine dan evaluasi risiko Drug-Drug Interaction (DDI).

Profil Farmakokinetik

Waktu Paruh (Half-Life) Following topical application, a biphasic decline of plasma butenafine concentrations was observed with the half-lives estimated to be 35 hours initial and over 150 hours terminal.

Volume Distribusi -

Klirens (Clearance) -

Absorpsi

The total amount absorbed through the skin into the systemic circulation has not been quantified.

Metabolisme

The primary metabolite in urine was formed through hydroxylation at the terminal t-butyl side-chain.

Rute Eliminasi

Data eliminasi belum tersedia.

Interaksi Obat

0 Data

Tidak ada data.

Target Protein

Squalene monooxygenase SQLE

Squalene monooxygenase ERG1

Referensi & Sumber

Artikel (PubMed)

PMID: 9530545
McNeely W, Spencer CM: Butenafine. Drugs. 1998 Mar;55(3):405-12; discussion 413.
PMID: 18624686
Singal A: Butenafine and superficial mycoses: current status. Expert Opin Drug Metab Toxicol. 2008 Jul;4(7):999-1005. doi: 10.1517/17425255.4.7.999 .
PMID: 12432425
Gupta AK: Butenafine: an update of its use in superficial mycoses. Skin Therapy Lett. 2002 Sep;7(7):1-2, 5.
PMID: 11709307
Mingeot-Leclercq MP, Gallet X, Flore C, Van Bambeke F, Peuvot J, Brasseur R: Experimental and conformational analyses of interactions between butenafine and lipids. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2001 Dec;45(12):3347-54.
PMID: 11249531
Syed TA, Maibach HI: Butenafine hydrochloride: for the treatment of interdigital tinea pedis. Expert Opin Pharmacother. 2000 Mar;1(3):467-73.
PMID: 9646136
Reyes BA, Beutner KR, Cullen SI, Rosen T, Shupack JL, Weinstein MB: Butenafine, a fungicidal benzylamine derivative, used once daily for the treatment of interdigital tinea pedis. Int J Dermatol. 1998 Jun;37(6):450-3.
PMID: 8494375
Iwatani W, Arika T, Yamaguchi H: Two mechanisms of butenafine action in Candida albicans. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1993 Apr;37(4):785-8.

Contoh Produk & Brand

Produk: 30 • International brands: 0

Produk

Athletes Foot

Cream • 10 mg/1g • Topical • US • Generic • OTC • Approved
Athletes Foot

Cream • 10 mg/1g • Topical • US • Generic • OTC • Approved
Athletes Foot

Cream • 10 mg/1g • Topical • US • Generic • OTC • Approved
Athletes Foot

Cream • 10 mg/1g • Topical • US • Generic • OTC • Approved
Athletes Foot

Cream • 10 mg/1g • Topical • US • Generic • OTC • Approved
Athletes Foot

Cream • 10 mg/1g • Topical • US • Generic • OTC • Approved
Athletes Foot

Cream • 10 mg/1g • Topical • US • Generic • OTC • Approved
Athletes Foot Ultra

Cream • 10 mg/1g • Topical • US • Generic • OTC • Approved

Menampilkan 8 dari 30 produk.

Sekuens Gen/Protein (FASTA)

Sekuens dimuat saat dibutuhkan agar halaman tetap ringan.