Peringatan Keamanan

The oral LD50 in rats is 2380mg/kg and in mice is 3600mg/kg.L11722 The intraperitoneal LD50 in rats is 331mg/kg and in mice is 299mg/kg.L11722 The subcutaneous LD50 in rats is 1700mg/kg and in mice is 2290mg/kg.L11722

Patients experiencing an overdose may present with dizziness, nausea, and vomiting.L11710,L11713 In the event of an overdose, discontinue minocycline and treat patients with symptomatic and supportive measures.L11701,L11704,L11707,L11710,L11713

Minocycline

DB01017

small molecule approved investigational

Deskripsi

Minocycline was first described in the literacture in 1966.A190681 It is a second generation tetracycline antibiotic that is active against gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria.A190723 Like other semisynthetic tetracyclines, minocycline has modifications to carbons 7-9 on the D ring to generate higher efficacy than previous tetracyclines.A190723

Minocycline was granted FDA approval on 30 June 1971.L11695

Struktur Molekul 2D

Berat 457.4764
Wujud solid

Peta Jejaring Molekuler
Legenda: Obat • Target • Gen • Enzim • (Panah → menunjukkan arah efek / relasi) • Transporter • Carrier

Profil Farmakokinetik

Waktu Paruh (Half-Life) The half life of minocycline pellet filled capsules is 11.1-22.1 hours.[L11710] Minocycline intravenous injections have a half live of 15-23 hours.[A190702,L11713]
Volume Distribusi The volume of distribution of minocycline has been reported as 67.5-115L.[A190708]
Klirens (Clearance) Intravenous minocycline has a clearance of 3.36-5.7L/h, while oral minocycline has a clearance of 3.42-4.4L/h.[A190708]

Absorpsi

100mg of oral minocycline reaches a Cmax of 1.6mg/L, with a Tmax of 1.9h, and an AUC of 31.6mg/L\*h.A190708 200mg of oral minocycline reaches a Cmax of 3.1mg/L, with a Tmax of 2.5h, and an AUC of 48.3mg/L\*h.A190708

Metabolisme

Minocycline is primarily metabolized to 9-hydroxyminocycline.A190696 It is also metabolized to 2 different N-demethylated metabolites.A190696

Rute Eliminasi

Minocycline is predominantly eliminated through the biliary route.A190699 4.5-9% of an intravenous minocycline dose is recovered in the urine.A190702,A190708 10-19.5% of an oral dose is recovered in the urine and 20-34% is recovered in the feces.A190708

Interaksi Makanan

2 Data
  • 1. Avoid multivalent ions. Separate administration of aluminium, calcium, iron and magnesium containing products from medication by at least 2 hours.
  • 2. Take with or without food.

Interaksi Obat

1096 Data
Botulinum toxin type B Minocycline may increase the central nervous system depressant (CNS depressant) activities of Botulinum toxin type B.
Botulinum toxin type A Minocycline may increase the central nervous system depressant (CNS depressant) activities of Botulinum toxin type A.
Tryptophan Minocycline may increase the central nervous system depressant (CNS depressant) activities of Tryptophan.
Fluvoxamine Minocycline may increase the central nervous system depressant (CNS depressant) activities of Fluvoxamine.
Baclofen Minocycline may increase the central nervous system depressant (CNS depressant) activities of Baclofen.
Lorazepam Minocycline may increase the central nervous system depressant (CNS depressant) activities of Lorazepam.
Ethchlorvynol Minocycline may increase the central nervous system depressant (CNS depressant) activities of Ethchlorvynol.
Tramadol Minocycline may increase the central nervous system depressant (CNS depressant) activities of Tramadol.
Succinylcholine Minocycline may increase the central nervous system depressant (CNS depressant) activities of Succinylcholine.
Reserpine Minocycline may increase the central nervous system depressant (CNS depressant) activities of Reserpine.
Citalopram Minocycline may increase the central nervous system depressant (CNS depressant) activities of Citalopram.
Eletriptan Minocycline may increase the central nervous system depressant (CNS depressant) activities of Eletriptan.
Enflurane Minocycline may increase the central nervous system depressant (CNS depressant) activities of Enflurane.
Pregabalin Minocycline may increase the central nervous system depressant (CNS depressant) activities of Pregabalin.
Temazepam Minocycline may increase the central nervous system depressant (CNS depressant) activities of Temazepam.
Reboxetine Minocycline may increase the central nervous system depressant (CNS depressant) activities of Reboxetine.
Butabarbital Minocycline may increase the central nervous system depressant (CNS depressant) activities of Butabarbital.
Butalbital Minocycline may increase the central nervous system depressant (CNS depressant) activities of Butalbital.
Ziprasidone Minocycline may increase the central nervous system depressant (CNS depressant) activities of Ziprasidone.
Methysergide Minocycline may increase the central nervous system depressant (CNS depressant) activities of Methysergide.
Cabergoline Minocycline may increase the central nervous system depressant (CNS depressant) activities of Cabergoline.
Phenytoin Minocycline may increase the central nervous system depressant (CNS depressant) activities of Phenytoin.
Topiramate Minocycline may increase the central nervous system depressant (CNS depressant) activities of Topiramate.
Clemastine Minocycline may increase the central nervous system depressant (CNS depressant) activities of Clemastine.
Venlafaxine Minocycline may increase the central nervous system depressant (CNS depressant) activities of Venlafaxine.
Etomidate Minocycline may increase the central nervous system depressant (CNS depressant) activities of Etomidate.
Morphine Minocycline may increase the central nervous system depressant (CNS depressant) activities of Morphine.
Talbutal Minocycline may increase the central nervous system depressant (CNS depressant) activities of Talbutal.
Pentobarbital Minocycline may increase the central nervous system depressant (CNS depressant) activities of Pentobarbital.
Valproic acid Minocycline may increase the central nervous system depressant (CNS depressant) activities of Valproic acid.
Zolmitriptan Minocycline may increase the central nervous system depressant (CNS depressant) activities of Zolmitriptan.
Codeine Minocycline may increase the central nervous system depressant (CNS depressant) activities of Codeine.
Dihydroergotamine Minocycline may increase the central nervous system depressant (CNS depressant) activities of Dihydroergotamine.
Amitriptyline Minocycline may increase the central nervous system depressant (CNS depressant) activities of Amitriptyline.
Tolcapone Minocycline may increase the central nervous system depressant (CNS depressant) activities of Tolcapone.
Hydromorphone Minocycline may increase the central nervous system depressant (CNS depressant) activities of Hydromorphone.
Methadone Minocycline may increase the central nervous system depressant (CNS depressant) activities of Methadone.
Olanzapine Minocycline may increase the central nervous system depressant (CNS depressant) activities of Olanzapine.
Cetirizine Minocycline may increase the central nervous system depressant (CNS depressant) activities of Cetirizine.
Protriptyline Minocycline may increase the central nervous system depressant (CNS depressant) activities of Protriptyline.
Trimethadione Minocycline may increase the central nervous system depressant (CNS depressant) activities of Trimethadione.
Clobazam Minocycline may increase the central nervous system depressant (CNS depressant) activities of Clobazam.
Chlorzoxazone Minocycline may increase the central nervous system depressant (CNS depressant) activities of Chlorzoxazone.
Clozapine Minocycline may increase the central nervous system depressant (CNS depressant) activities of Clozapine.
Doxylamine Minocycline may increase the central nervous system depressant (CNS depressant) activities of Doxylamine.
Mirtazapine Minocycline may increase the central nervous system depressant (CNS depressant) activities of Mirtazapine.
Meprobamate Minocycline may increase the central nervous system depressant (CNS depressant) activities of Meprobamate.
Thiethylperazine Minocycline may increase the central nervous system depressant (CNS depressant) activities of Thiethylperazine.
Palonosetron Minocycline may increase the central nervous system depressant (CNS depressant) activities of Palonosetron.
Sulpiride Minocycline may increase the central nervous system depressant (CNS depressant) activities of Sulpiride.
Carisoprodol Minocycline may increase the central nervous system depressant (CNS depressant) activities of Carisoprodol.
Eszopiclone Minocycline may increase the central nervous system depressant (CNS depressant) activities of Eszopiclone.
Alprazolam Minocycline may increase the central nervous system depressant (CNS depressant) activities of Alprazolam.
Dexbrompheniramine Minocycline may increase the central nervous system depressant (CNS depressant) activities of Dexbrompheniramine.
Loxapine Minocycline may increase the central nervous system depressant (CNS depressant) activities of Loxapine.
Remoxipride Minocycline may increase the central nervous system depressant (CNS depressant) activities of Remoxipride.
Metocurine iodide Minocycline may increase the central nervous system depressant (CNS depressant) activities of Metocurine iodide.
Secobarbital Minocycline may increase the central nervous system depressant (CNS depressant) activities of Secobarbital.
Promazine Minocycline may increase the central nervous system depressant (CNS depressant) activities of Promazine.
Methocarbamol Minocycline may increase the central nervous system depressant (CNS depressant) activities of Methocarbamol.
Zolpidem Minocycline may increase the central nervous system depressant (CNS depressant) activities of Zolpidem.
Triprolidine Minocycline may increase the central nervous system depressant (CNS depressant) activities of Triprolidine.
Prochlorperazine Minocycline may increase the central nervous system depressant (CNS depressant) activities of Prochlorperazine.
Cyproheptadine Minocycline may increase the central nervous system depressant (CNS depressant) activities of Cyproheptadine.
Droperidol Minocycline may increase the central nervous system depressant (CNS depressant) activities of Droperidol.
Meperidine Minocycline may increase the central nervous system depressant (CNS depressant) activities of Meperidine.
Imipramine Minocycline may increase the central nervous system depressant (CNS depressant) activities of Imipramine.
Metharbital Minocycline may increase the central nervous system depressant (CNS depressant) activities of Metharbital.
Quinine Minocycline may increase the central nervous system depressant (CNS depressant) activities of Quinine.
Dronabinol Minocycline may increase the central nervous system depressant (CNS depressant) activities of Dronabinol.
Fluoxetine Minocycline may increase the central nervous system depressant (CNS depressant) activities of Fluoxetine.
Methohexital Minocycline may increase the central nervous system depressant (CNS depressant) activities of Methohexital.
Chlordiazepoxide Minocycline may increase the central nervous system depressant (CNS depressant) activities of Chlordiazepoxide.
Duloxetine Minocycline may increase the central nervous system depressant (CNS depressant) activities of Duloxetine.
Chlorpromazine Minocycline may increase the central nervous system depressant (CNS depressant) activities of Chlorpromazine.
Gallamine triethiodide Minocycline may increase the central nervous system depressant (CNS depressant) activities of Gallamine triethiodide.
Nabilone Minocycline may increase the central nervous system depressant (CNS depressant) activities of Nabilone.
Entacapone Minocycline may increase the central nervous system depressant (CNS depressant) activities of Entacapone.
Oxycodone Minocycline may increase the central nervous system depressant (CNS depressant) activities of Oxycodone.
Haloperidol Minocycline may increase the central nervous system depressant (CNS depressant) activities of Haloperidol.
Triflupromazine Minocycline may increase the central nervous system depressant (CNS depressant) activities of Triflupromazine.
Dextromethorphan Minocycline may increase the central nervous system depressant (CNS depressant) activities of Dextromethorphan.
Mephenytoin Minocycline may increase the central nervous system depressant (CNS depressant) activities of Mephenytoin.
Nortriptyline Minocycline may increase the central nervous system depressant (CNS depressant) activities of Nortriptyline.
Amoxapine Minocycline may increase the central nervous system depressant (CNS depressant) activities of Amoxapine.
Adinazolam Minocycline may increase the central nervous system depressant (CNS depressant) activities of Adinazolam.
Lamotrigine Minocycline may increase the central nervous system depressant (CNS depressant) activities of Lamotrigine.
Hydroxyzine Minocycline may increase the central nervous system depressant (CNS depressant) activities of Hydroxyzine.
Carbamazepine Minocycline may increase the central nervous system depressant (CNS depressant) activities of Carbamazepine.
Cisatracurium Minocycline may increase the neuromuscular blocking activities of Cisatracurium.
Fenfluramine Minocycline may increase the central nervous system depressant (CNS depressant) activities of Fenfluramine.
Clonidine Minocycline may increase the central nervous system depressant (CNS depressant) activities of Clonidine.
Mazindol Minocycline may increase the central nervous system depressant (CNS depressant) activities of Mazindol.
Fluticasone propionate Minocycline may increase the central nervous system depressant (CNS depressant) activities of Fluticasone propionate.
Lisuride Minocycline may increase the central nervous system depressant (CNS depressant) activities of Lisuride.
Ethosuximide Minocycline may increase the central nervous system depressant (CNS depressant) activities of Ethosuximide.
Thiopental Minocycline may increase the central nervous system depressant (CNS depressant) activities of Thiopental.
Cisapride Minocycline may increase the central nervous system depressant (CNS depressant) activities of Cisapride.
Butorphanol Minocycline may increase the central nervous system depressant (CNS depressant) activities of Butorphanol.
Furazolidone Minocycline may increase the central nervous system depressant (CNS depressant) activities of Furazolidone.

Target Protein

30S ribosomal protein S9 rpsI
30S ribosomal protein S4 rpsD
16S ribosomal RNA
Interleukin-1 beta IL1B
Polyunsaturated fatty acid 5-lipoxygenase ALOX5
Matrix metalloproteinase-9 MMP9
Vascular endothelial growth factor A, long form VEGFA
Caspase-1 CASP1
Caspase-3 CASP3
Cytochrome c CYCS
Mitogen-activated Protein Kinases MAPK1
Nitric oxide synthase, inducible NOS2

Referensi & Sumber

Synthesis reference: Zita Mendes, Jose Rafael Antunes, Susana Marto, William Heggie, "Crystalline Minocycline Base and Processes for its Preparation." U.S. Patent US20100286417, issued November 11, 2010.
Artikel (PubMed)
  • PMID: 5985260
    Redin GS: Antibacterial activity in mice of minocycline, a new tetracycline. Antimicrob Agents Chemother (Bethesda). 1966;6:371-6.
  • PMID: 6124399
    Nelis HJ, De Leenheer AP: Metabolism of minocycline in humans. Drug Metab Dispos. 1982 Mar-Apr;10(2):142-6.
  • PMID: 1211910
    Welling PG, Shaw WR, Uman SJ, Tse FL, Craig WA: Pharmacokinetics of minocycline in renal failure. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1975 Nov;8(5):532-7. doi: 10.1128/aac.8.5.532.
  • PMID: 782466
    Simon C, Malerczyk V, Preuss I, Schmidt K, Grahmann H: Activity in vitro and pharmacokinetics of minocycline (author's transl). Arzneimittelforschung. 1976 Apr;26(4):556-60.
  • PMID: 3072140
    Saivin S, Houin G: Clinical pharmacokinetics of doxycycline and minocycline. Clin Pharmacokinet. 1988 Dec;15(6):355-66. doi: 10.2165/00003088-198815060-00001.
  • PMID: 28333250
    Zhou J, Tran BT, Tam VH: The complexity of minocycline serum protein binding. J Antimicrob Chemother. 2017 Jun 1;72(6):1632-1634. doi: 10.1093/jac/dkx039.
  • PMID: 23441623
    Garrido-Mesa N, Zarzuelo A, Galvez J: Minocycline: far beyond an antibiotic. Br J Pharmacol. 2013 May;169(2):337-52. doi: 10.1111/bph.12139.
  • PMID: 11381101
    Chopra I, Roberts M: Tetracycline antibiotics: mode of action, applications, molecular biology, and epidemiology of bacterial resistance. Microbiol Mol Biol Rev. 2001 Jun;65(2):232-60 ; second page, table of contents.

Contoh Produk & Brand

Produk: 353 • International brands: 8
Produk
  • Amzeeq
    Aerosol, foam • 40 mg/1g • Topical • US • Approved
  • Amzeeq
    Aerosol, foam • 40 mg/1g • Topical • US • Approved
  • Arestin
    Powder • 1 mg/1 • Oral • US • Approved
  • Arestin Microspheres
    Powder • 1 mg / 4 mg • Oral • Canada • Approved
  • Ava-minocycline
    Capsule • 50 mg • Oral • Canada • Generic • Approved
  • Dom-minocycline Capsules
    Capsule • 50 mg • Oral • Canada • Generic • Approved
  • Dom-minocycline Capsules
    Capsule • 100 mg • Oral • Canada • Generic • Approved
  • Dynacin
    Capsule • 50 mg/1 • Oral • US • Approved
Menampilkan 8 dari 353 produk.
International Brands
  • Aknemin
  • Apo-Minocycline
  • Klinomycin
  • Minoderm
  • Minopen
  • Minox
  • Minoz
  • Vectrin

Sekuens Gen/Protein (FASTA)

Sekuens dimuat saat dibutuhkan agar halaman tetap ringan.
© 2025 Digital Pharmacy Research - Universitas Esa Unggul