Peringatan Keamanan

There are no reported overdoses with tinidazole in humans. In acute studies with mice and rats, the LD 50 for mice was generally > 3,600 mg/kg for oral administration and was > 2,300 mg/kg for intraperitoneal administration. In rats, the LD 50 was > 2,000 mg/kg for both oral and intraperitoneal administration.

Tinidazole

DB00911

small molecule approved investigational

Deskripsi

A nitroimidazole antitrichomonal agent effective against Trichomonas vaginalis, Entamoeba histolytica, and Giardia lamblia infections.

Struktur Molekul 2D

Berat 247.272
Wujud solid

Peta Jejaring Molekuler
Legenda: ObatTargetGenEnzim(Panah → menunjukkan arah efek / relasi)TransporterCarrier

Profil Farmakokinetik

Waktu Paruh (Half-Life) The elimination half-life is 13.2±1.4 hours and the plasma half-life is 12 to 14 hours.
Volume Distribusi * 50 L
Klirens (Clearance) -

Absorpsi

Rapidly and completely absorbed under fasting conditions. Administration with food results in a delay in Tmax of approximately 2 hours and a decline in Cmax of approximately 10% and an AUC of 901.6 ± 126.5 mcg hr/mL.

Metabolisme

Hepatic, mainly via CYP3A4. Tinidazole, like metronidazole, is significantly metabolized in humans prior to excretion. Tinidazole is partly metabolized by oxidation, hydroxylation and conjugation. Tinidazole is the major drug-related constituent in plasma after human treatment, along with a small amount of the 2-hydroxymethyl metabolite.

Rute Eliminasi

Tinidazole crosses the placental barrier and is secreted in breast milk. Tinidazole is excreted by the liver and the kidneys. Tinidazole is excreted in the urine mainly as unchanged drug (approximately 20-25% of the administered dose). Approximately 12% of the drug is excreted in the feces.

Interaksi Makanan

2 Data
  • 1. Avoid alcohol. Avoid concomitant use of alcohol with tinidazole as it may cause flushing, nausea, vomiting, and headaches.
  • 2. Take with food. Administering with food may reduce gastrointestinal upset and epigastric discomfort caused by tinidazole but does not affect bioavailability.

Interaksi Obat

929 Data
Troglitazone Troglitazone may decrease the excretion rate of Tinidazole which could result in a higher serum level.
Erythromycin The serum concentration of Tinidazole can be increased when it is combined with Erythromycin.
Reserpine Reserpine may decrease the excretion rate of Tinidazole which could result in a higher serum level.
Progesterone Progesterone may decrease the excretion rate of Tinidazole which could result in a higher serum level.
Chlorpromazine Chlorpromazine may decrease the excretion rate of Tinidazole which could result in a higher serum level.
Cimetidine Cimetidine may decrease the excretion rate of Tinidazole which could result in a higher serum level.
Bosentan Bosentan may decrease the excretion rate of Tinidazole which could result in a higher serum level.
Tamoxifen Tamoxifen may decrease the excretion rate of Tinidazole which could result in a higher serum level.
Ethinylestradiol Ethinylestradiol may decrease the excretion rate of Tinidazole which could result in a higher serum level.
Glyburide Glyburide may decrease the excretion rate of Tinidazole which could result in a higher serum level.
Ursodeoxycholic acid Ursodeoxycholic acid may decrease the excretion rate of Tinidazole which could result in a higher serum level.
Cholic Acid Cholic Acid may decrease the excretion rate of Tinidazole which could result in a higher serum level.
Fusidic acid Fusidic acid may decrease the excretion rate of Tinidazole which could result in a higher serum level.
Simeprevir Simeprevir may decrease the excretion rate of Tinidazole which could result in a higher serum level.
Lenvatinib Lenvatinib may decrease the excretion rate of Tinidazole which could result in a higher serum level.
Valinomycin Valinomycin may decrease the excretion rate of Tinidazole which could result in a higher serum level.
Celecoxib Celecoxib may decrease the excretion rate of Tinidazole which could result in a higher serum level.
Nifedipine Tinidazole may decrease the excretion rate of Nifedipine which could result in a higher serum level.
Cyclosporine Cyclosporine may decrease the excretion rate of Tinidazole which could result in a higher serum level.
Olmesartan Olmesartan may decrease the excretion rate of Tinidazole which could result in a higher serum level.
Pralsetinib Pralsetinib may decrease the excretion rate of Tinidazole which could result in a higher serum level.
Disulfiram The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Tinidazole is combined with Disulfiram.
Picosulfuric acid The therapeutic efficacy of Picosulfuric acid can be decreased when used in combination with Tinidazole.
Ethanol The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Tinidazole is combined with Ethanol.
BCG vaccine The therapeutic efficacy of BCG vaccine can be decreased when used in combination with Tinidazole.
Typhoid vaccine The therapeutic efficacy of Typhoid vaccine can be decreased when used in combination with Tinidazole.
Pitolisant The serum concentration of Tinidazole can be decreased when it is combined with Pitolisant.
Deoxycholic acid Deoxycholic acid may increase the excretion rate of Tinidazole which could result in a lower serum level and potentially a reduction in efficacy.
Taurocholic acid Taurocholic acid may increase the excretion rate of Tinidazole which could result in a lower serum level and potentially a reduction in efficacy.
Dexamethasone acetate Dexamethasone acetate may increase the excretion rate of Tinidazole which could result in a lower serum level and potentially a reduction in efficacy.
Pravastatin Pravastatin may decrease the excretion rate of Tinidazole which could result in a higher serum level.
Glimepiride Glimepiride may decrease the excretion rate of Tinidazole which could result in a higher serum level.
Atenolol Atenolol may decrease the excretion rate of Tinidazole which could result in a higher serum level.
Atropine Atropine may decrease the excretion rate of Tinidazole which could result in a higher serum level.
Fluorescein Fluorescein may decrease the excretion rate of Tinidazole which could result in a higher serum level.
Telmisartan Tinidazole may decrease the excretion rate of Telmisartan which could result in a higher serum level.
Dipyridamole Tinidazole may decrease the excretion rate of Dipyridamole which could result in a higher serum level.
Ofloxacin Tinidazole may decrease the excretion rate of Ofloxacin which could result in a higher serum level.
Prasterone sulfate Tinidazole may decrease the excretion rate of Prasterone sulfate which could result in a higher serum level.
Indocyanine green acid form Tinidazole may decrease the excretion rate of Indocyanine green acid form which could result in a higher serum level.
Benzbromarone Tinidazole may decrease the excretion rate of Benzbromarone which could result in a higher serum level.
Pilsicainide Tinidazole may decrease the excretion rate of Pilsicainide which could result in a higher serum level.
Glycyrrhizic acid Tinidazole may decrease the excretion rate of Glycyrrhizic acid which could result in a higher serum level.
Indomethacin Indomethacin may decrease the excretion rate of Tinidazole which could result in a higher serum level.
Diclofenac Diclofenac may decrease the excretion rate of Tinidazole which could result in a higher serum level.
Naproxen Naproxen may decrease the excretion rate of Tinidazole which could result in a higher serum level.
Cefaclor Cefaclor may decrease the excretion rate of Tinidazole which could result in a higher serum level.
Fluvoxamine The metabolism of Tinidazole can be decreased when combined with Fluvoxamine.
Ranolazine Ranolazine may decrease the excretion rate of Tinidazole which could result in a higher serum level.
Isradipine The metabolism of Tinidazole can be decreased when combined with Isradipine.
Rosiglitazone Rosiglitazone may decrease the excretion rate of Tinidazole which could result in a higher serum level.
Nitrofurantoin Nitrofurantoin may decrease the excretion rate of Tinidazole which could result in a higher serum level.
Sulfamethoxazole Tinidazole may decrease the excretion rate of Sulfamethoxazole which could result in a higher serum level.
Fenofibrate Tinidazole may decrease the excretion rate of Fenofibrate which could result in a higher serum level.
Glipizide Tinidazole may decrease the excretion rate of Glipizide which could result in a higher serum level.
Ezetimibe Tinidazole may decrease the excretion rate of Ezetimibe which could result in a higher serum level.
Glycochenodeoxycholic Acid Tinidazole may decrease the excretion rate of Glycochenodeoxycholic Acid which could result in a higher serum level.
Diethylstilbestrol Diethylstilbestrol may decrease the excretion rate of Tinidazole which could result in a higher serum level.
Flucloxacillin Flucloxacillin may decrease the excretion rate of Tinidazole which could result in a higher serum level.
Cerivastatin Cerivastatin may decrease the excretion rate of Tinidazole which could result in a higher serum level.
Loratadine Loratadine may decrease the excretion rate of Tinidazole which could result in a higher serum level.
Imatinib Imatinib may decrease the excretion rate of Tinidazole which could result in a higher serum level.
Nicardipine The metabolism of Tinidazole can be decreased when combined with Nicardipine.
Simvastatin Simvastatin may decrease the excretion rate of Tinidazole which could result in a higher serum level.
Mifepristone Mifepristone may decrease the excretion rate of Tinidazole which could result in a higher serum level.
Repaglinide Tinidazole may decrease the excretion rate of Repaglinide which could result in a higher serum level.
Felodipine Tinidazole may decrease the excretion rate of Felodipine which could result in a higher serum level.
Nitrendipine Tinidazole may decrease the excretion rate of Nitrendipine which could result in a higher serum level.
Atorvastatin Tinidazole may decrease the excretion rate of Atorvastatin which could result in a higher serum level.
Rosuvastatin Tinidazole may decrease the excretion rate of Rosuvastatin which could result in a higher serum level.
Sulfinpyrazone Tinidazole may decrease the excretion rate of Sulfinpyrazone which could result in a higher serum level.
Budesonide Tinidazole may decrease the excretion rate of Budesonide which could result in a higher serum level.
Dihydroergocristine Tinidazole may decrease the excretion rate of Dihydroergocristine which could result in a higher serum level.
Belantamab mafodotin Tinidazole may decrease the excretion rate of Belantamab mafodotin which could result in a higher serum level.
Vinblastine Vinblastine may decrease the excretion rate of Tinidazole which could result in a higher serum level.
Digoxin Tinidazole may decrease the excretion rate of Digoxin which could result in a higher serum level.
Paclitaxel Paclitaxel may decrease the excretion rate of Tinidazole which could result in a higher serum level.
Vincristine Vincristine may decrease the excretion rate of Tinidazole which could result in a higher serum level.
Astemizole Astemizole may decrease the excretion rate of Tinidazole which could result in a higher serum level.
Doxorubicin Tinidazole may decrease the excretion rate of Doxorubicin which could result in a higher serum level.
Icosapent Icosapent may decrease the excretion rate of Tinidazole which could result in a higher serum level.
Cefotiam Cefotiam may decrease the excretion rate of Tinidazole which could result in a higher serum level.
Mesalazine Mesalazine may decrease the excretion rate of Tinidazole which could result in a higher serum level.
Cefmenoxime Cefmenoxime may decrease the excretion rate of Tinidazole which could result in a higher serum level.
Cefmetazole Cefmetazole may decrease the excretion rate of Tinidazole which could result in a higher serum level.
Pamidronic acid Pamidronic acid may decrease the excretion rate of Tinidazole which could result in a higher serum level.
Tenofovir disoproxil Tenofovir disoproxil may decrease the excretion rate of Tinidazole which could result in a higher serum level.
Cidofovir Cidofovir may decrease the excretion rate of Tinidazole which could result in a higher serum level.
Cefpiramide Cefpiramide may decrease the excretion rate of Tinidazole which could result in a higher serum level.
Ceftazidime Ceftazidime may decrease the excretion rate of Tinidazole which could result in a higher serum level.
Loracarbef Loracarbef may decrease the excretion rate of Tinidazole which could result in a higher serum level.
Cefalotin Cefalotin may decrease the excretion rate of Tinidazole which could result in a higher serum level.
Nabumetone Nabumetone may decrease the excretion rate of Tinidazole which could result in a higher serum level.
Ketorolac Ketorolac may decrease the excretion rate of Tinidazole which could result in a higher serum level.
Tenoxicam Tenoxicam may decrease the excretion rate of Tinidazole which could result in a higher serum level.
Cefotaxime Cefotaxime may decrease the excretion rate of Tinidazole which could result in a higher serum level.
Tolmetin Tolmetin may decrease the excretion rate of Tinidazole which could result in a higher serum level.
Foscarnet Foscarnet may decrease the excretion rate of Tinidazole which could result in a higher serum level.
Rofecoxib Rofecoxib may decrease the excretion rate of Tinidazole which could result in a higher serum level.
Piroxicam Piroxicam may decrease the excretion rate of Tinidazole which could result in a higher serum level.

Target Protein

DNA

Referensi & Sumber

Artikel (PubMed)
  • PMID: 18582545
    Lopez Nigro MM, Carballo MA: Genotoxicity and cell death induced by tinidazole (TNZ). Toxicol Lett. 2008 Jul 30;180(1):46-52. doi: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2008.05.017. Epub 2008 Jun 5.
  • PMID: 16507373
    Fung HB, Doan TL: Tinidazole: a nitroimidazole antiprotozoal agent. Clin Ther. 2005 Dec;27(12):1859-84.

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International Brands
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Sekuens Gen/Protein (FASTA)

Sekuens dimuat saat dibutuhkan agar halaman tetap ringan.
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