Peringatan Keamanan

The LD50 of subcutaneously administered chlorhexidine in mice is >5 g/kg.L11539

Small children are likely to be more susceptible to chlorhexidine overdose - ingestion of 1-2 ounces by a small child may result in gastric distress, nausea, and intoxication. Treatment should consist of symptomatic and supportive measures. Seek medical attention if a child ingests >4 ounces of chlorhexidine solution or if symptoms of intoxication develop post-exposure.L11512

Chlorhexidine

DB00878

small molecule approved vet_approved withdrawn

Deskripsi

Chlorhexidine is a broad-spectrum antimicrobial biguanide used as a topical antiseptic and in dental practice for the treatment of inflammatory dental conditions caused by microorganisms.L11512 It is one of the most common skin and mucous membrane antiseptic agents in use today.A190417 The molecule itself is a cationic bis-guanide consisting of two 4-chlorophenyl rings and two biguanide groups joined by a central hexamethylene chain.A190453 Topical chlorhexidine for disinfection, as well as oral rinses for dental use, carries activity against a broad range of pathogens including bacteria, yeasts, and viruses.L11518,L11512,A190453

Chlorhexidine was developed in the UK by Imperial Chemical Industries in the early 1950sA190474 and was introduced to the US in the 1970s.L11572 The FDA withdrew its approval for the use of chlorhexidine gluconate topical tincture 0.5%, due to a significant number of reports concerning chemical and thermal burns associated with the use of this product.L43942,L44027 Other formulations of chlorhexidine continue to be available.

Struktur Molekul 2D

Berat 505.447
Wujud solid

Peta Jejaring Molekuler
Legenda: Obat • Target • Gen • Enzim • (Panah → menunjukkan arah efek / relasi) • Transporter • Carrier

Profil Farmakokinetik

Waktu Paruh (Half-Life) -
Volume Distribusi -
Klirens (Clearance) -

Absorpsi

Topically, chlorhexidine is unlikely to undergo any degree of systemic absorption. Orally administered chlorhexidine, such as that found in oral rinses for dental purposes, is very poorly absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract - the Cmax in human subjects following an oral dose of 300mg was 0.206 µg/g and occurred approximately 30 minutes after ingestion (Tmax).L11512 Following the insertion of 4 PerioChips in 18 adult patients, no detectable plasma or urine chlorhexidine levels were observed.L11536

Metabolisme

As chlorhexidine is very poorly absorbed in the gastrointestinal tract, it is unlikely to undergo metabolic conversion to any significant extent.L11512

Rute Eliminasi

Excretion of chlorhexidine gluconate occurs almost exclusively via the feces, with less than 1% of an ingested dose excreted in the urine.L11512

Interaksi Makanan

1 Data
  • 1. Take separate from meals. May affect the taste of food and beverages. Avoid eating or drinking for 30 minutes following use.

Interaksi Obat

1 Data
Allogeneic cultured keratinocytes and dermal fibroblasts in murine collagen The therapeutic efficacy of Allogeneic cultured keratinocytes and dermal fibroblasts in murine collagen can be decreased when used in combination with Chlorhexidine.

Target Protein

Bacterial outer membrane

Referensi & Sumber

Synthesis reference: Rose, F.L. and Swain, G.; US. Patent 2,684,924; July 27, 1954; assigned to Imperial Chemical Industries, Ltd.
Artikel (PubMed)
  • PMID: 12902270
    McBain AJ, Bartolo RG, Catrenich CE, Charbonneau D, Ledder RG, Gilbert P: Effects of a chlorhexidine gluconate-containing mouthwash on the vitality and antimicrobial susceptibility of in vitro oral bacterial ecosystems. Appl Environ Microbiol. 2003 Aug;69(8):4770-6.
  • PMID: 25912596
    Karpinski TM, Szkaradkiewicz AK: Chlorhexidine--pharmaco-biological activity and application. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci. 2015 Apr;19(7):1321-6.
  • PMID: 2363891
    Betcher DL, Burnham N: Chlorhexidine. J Pediatr Oncol Nurs. 1990 Apr;7(2):82-3. doi: 10.1177/104345429000700227.
  • PMID: 1335944
    Kuyyakanond T, Quesnel LB: The mechanism of action of chlorhexidine. FEMS Microbiol Lett. 1992 Dec 15;100(1-3):211-5.
  • PMID: 4269593
    Hjeljord LG, Rolla G, Bonesvoll P: Chlorhexidine-protein interactions. J Periodontal Res Suppl. 1973;12:11-6. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0765.1973.tb02158.x.
  • PMID: 1520091
    Radford JR, Homer KA, Naylor MN, Beighton D: Inhibition of human subgingival plaque protease activity by chlorhexidine. Arch Oral Biol. 1992 Apr;37(4):245-8. doi: 10.1016/0003-9969(92)90045-a.
  • PMID: 19220510
    Mohammadi Z, Abbott PV: The properties and applications of chlorhexidine in endodontics. Int Endod J. 2009 Apr;42(4):288-302. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2591.2008.01540.x. Epub 2009 Feb 7.
  • PMID: 26361890
    Sharp G, Green S, Rose M: Chlorhexidine-induced anaphylaxis in surgical patients: a review of the literature. ANZ J Surg. 2016 Apr;86(4):237-43. doi: 10.1111/ans.13269. Epub 2015 Sep 11.
Menampilkan 8 dari 9 artikel.

Contoh Produk & Brand

Produk: 524 • International brands: 15
Produk
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    Liquid • - • Topical • US • OTC
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  • 3M SoluPrep
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  • 3M SoluPrep
    Solution • - • Topical • US • OTC • Approved
  • 3M SoluPrep S
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  • 3M SoluPrep S
    Solution • - • Topical • US • OTC • Approved
  • 3m Soluprep Sponge
    Sponge • - • Topical • Canada • OTC • Approved
Menampilkan 8 dari 524 produk.
International Brands
  • Cida-Stat — Ecolab
  • Corsodyl — GlaxoSmithKline
  • DentiSept
  • Dyna-Hex — Xttrium
  • Exidine — Xttrium
  • Hexadol — Green Cross
  • Hibiscrub — AstraZeneca
  • Hibitane — Imperial Chemical Industries
  • Microderm — Johnson & Johnson
  • Periogard Oral Rinse — Colgate

Sekuens Gen/Protein (FASTA)

Sekuens dimuat saat dibutuhkan agar halaman tetap ringan.
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