Peringatan Keamanan

Although the over-the-counter (OTC) availability of naproxen provides convenience to patients, it also increases the likelihood of overdose.A178975 Thankfully, the extent of overdose is typically mild with adverse effects normally limited to drowsiness, lethargy, epigastric pain, nausea and vomiting.A178975L6582L6583 Although there is no antidote for naproxen overdose, symptoms will typically subside with appropriate supportive care.L6582L6583A178975

Naproxen is classified as Category B during the first 2 trimesters of pregnancy, and as Category D during the third trimester.L6595 Naproxen is contraindicated in the 3rd trimester since it increases the risk of premature closure of the fetal ductus arteriosus and should be avoided in pregnant women starting at 30 weeks gestation.L6582L6583

Naproxen

DB00788

small molecule approved vet_approved

Deskripsi

Naproxen is classified as a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory dug (NSAID) and was initially approved for prescription use in 1976 and then for over-the-counter (OTC) use in 1994.A178975 It can effectively manage acute pain as well as pain related to rheumatic diseases, and has a well studied adverse effect profile.A179098 Given its overall tolerability and effectiveness, naproxen can be considered a first line treatment for a variety of clinical situations requiring analgesia.A179098 Naproxen is available in both immediate and delayed release formulations, in combination with sumatriptan to treat migraines, and in combination with esomeprazole to lower the risk of developing gastric ulcers.L6582L6583L7309L7312

Struktur Molekul 2D

Berat 230.2592
Wujud solid

Peta Jejaring Molekuler
Legenda: Obat • Target • Gen • Enzim • (Panah → menunjukkan arah efek / relasi) • Transporter • Carrier

Profil Farmakokinetik

Waktu Paruh (Half-Life) The elimination half-life of naproxen is reported to be 12-17 hours.[A178975][L6583]
Volume Distribusi Naproxen has a volume of distribution of 0.16 L/kg.[L6582][L6583]
Klirens (Clearance) Naproxen is cleared at a rate of 0.13 mL/min/kg.[L6582][L6583]

Absorpsi

Naproxen is available as a free acid and sodium salt.A179098 At comparable doses, (naproxen 500 mg = naproxen sodium 550 mg) they differ slightly in their rates of absorption, but otherwise they are therapeutically and pharmacologically equivalent.A179098 Naproxen sodium achieves a peak plasma concentration after 1 hour, while peak plasma concentration is observed after 2 hours with naproxen (free acid).A179098 There are no differences between the 2 forms in the post-absorption phase pharmacokinetics.A179098 The difference in initial absorption should be considered when treating acute pain, since naproxen sodium may offer a quicker onset of action.A179098 The mean Cmax for the various formulations (immediate release, enteric coated, controlled release etc.) of naproxen are comparable and range from 94 mcg/mL to 97.4 mcg/mL.L6582L6583 In one pharmacokinetic study, the mean Tmax of naproxen 500 mg (immediate release) given every 12 hours over 5 days was 3 hours, compared to a mean Tmax of 5 hours for Naprelan 1000 mg (controlled release) given every 24 hours over 5 days.L6582 In this same study, the AUC0-24hr was 1446mcgxhr/mL for naproxen immediate release and 1448 mcgxhr/mL for the controlled release formulation.L6582 A separate study comparing the pharmacokinetics of Naprosyn tablets and EC-Naprosyn observed the following values: Tmax and AUC0-12hrs of EC-Naprosyn were 4 hours and 845 mcgxhr/mL respectively, and Tmax and AUC0-12hrs values of Naprosyn were 1.9 hours and 767 mcgxhr/mL respectively.L6583 When given in combination with sumatriptan the Cmax of naproxen is roughly 36% lower compared to naproxen sodium 550 mg tablets, and the median Tmax is 5 hours.L7309 Based on the AUC and Cmax of naproxen, Vimovo (naproxen/esomeprazole combination product) and enteric-coated naproxen may be considered bioequivalent.L7312 Overall, naproxen is rapidly and completely absorbed when administered orally and rectally.A179110A179098 Food may contribute to a delay in the absorption of orally administered naproxen, but will not affect the extent of absorption.A179098

Metabolisme

Naproxen is heavily metabolized in the liver and undergoes both Phase I and Phase II metabolism.L6582L6583A179197 The first step involves demethylation of naproxen via CYP 1A2, 2C8, and 2C9A179191A38985. Both naproxen and desmethylnaproxen proceed to Phase II metabolism; however, desmethylnaproxen can form both acyl and phenolic glucoronide products, while naproxen only produces the acyl glucuronide.A179191A179197 The acyl glucuronidation process involves UGT 1A1, 1A3, 1A6, 1A7, 1A9, 1A10 and 2B7, while phenolic glucuronidation is catalyzed by UGT 1A1, 1A7,1A9, and 1A10.A179191 Desmethylnaproxen also undergoes sulphation which is mediated by SULT 1A1, 1B1 and 1E1.A179197

Rute Eliminasi

After oral administration, about 95% of naproxen and it's metabolites can be recovered in the urine with 66-92% recovered as conjugated metabolite and less than 1% recovered as naproxen or desmethylnaproxen.A179197L6582L6583 Less than 5% of naproxen is excreted in the feces.L6582L6583

Interaksi Makanan

1 Data
  • 1. Take with food. Food reduces GI irritation.

Interaksi Obat

1788 Data
Erythromycin Erythromycin may decrease the excretion rate of Naproxen which could result in a higher serum level.
Reserpine Reserpine may decrease the excretion rate of Naproxen which could result in a higher serum level.
Progesterone Progesterone may decrease the excretion rate of Naproxen which could result in a higher serum level.
Chlorpromazine Chlorpromazine may decrease the excretion rate of Naproxen which could result in a higher serum level.
Cimetidine Cimetidine may decrease the excretion rate of Naproxen which could result in a higher serum level.
Bosentan Bosentan may decrease the excretion rate of Naproxen which could result in a higher serum level.
Glyburide Glyburide may decrease the excretion rate of Naproxen which could result in a higher serum level.
Ursodeoxycholic acid Ursodeoxycholic acid may decrease the excretion rate of Naproxen which could result in a higher serum level.
Cholic Acid Cholic Acid may decrease the excretion rate of Naproxen which could result in a higher serum level.
Fusidic acid Fusidic acid may decrease the excretion rate of Naproxen which could result in a higher serum level.
Simeprevir Simeprevir may decrease the excretion rate of Naproxen which could result in a higher serum level.
Lenvatinib Lenvatinib may decrease the excretion rate of Naproxen which could result in a higher serum level.
Letermovir The metabolism of Naproxen can be decreased when combined with Letermovir.
Valinomycin Valinomycin may decrease the excretion rate of Naproxen which could result in a higher serum level.
Pralsetinib Pralsetinib may decrease the excretion rate of Naproxen which could result in a higher serum level.
Peginterferon alfa-2b The serum concentration of Naproxen can be increased when it is combined with Peginterferon alfa-2b.
Leflunomide The serum concentration of Naproxen can be decreased when it is combined with Leflunomide.
Teriflunomide The serum concentration of Naproxen can be decreased when it is combined with Teriflunomide.
Amlodipine The metabolism of Naproxen can be decreased when combined with Amlodipine.
Phentermine The risk or severity of hypertension can be increased when Phentermine is combined with Naproxen.
Midodrine The risk or severity of hypertension can be increased when Midodrine is combined with Naproxen.
Isoetharine The risk or severity of hypertension can be increased when Isoetharine is combined with Naproxen.
Methysergide The risk or severity of hypertension can be increased when Methysergide is combined with Naproxen.
Dihydroergotamine The risk or severity of hypertension can be increased when Dihydroergotamine is combined with Naproxen.
Methylergometrine The risk or severity of hypertension can be increased when Methylergometrine is combined with Naproxen.
Norepinephrine The risk or severity of hypertension can be increased when Norepinephrine is combined with Naproxen.
Phenylpropanolamine The risk or severity of hypertension can be increased when Phenylpropanolamine is combined with Naproxen.
Droperidol The risk or severity of hypertension can be increased when Droperidol is combined with Naproxen.
Doxapram The risk or severity of hypertension can be increased when Doxapram is combined with Naproxen.
Lisuride The risk or severity of hypertension can be increased when Lisuride is combined with Naproxen.
Linezolid The risk or severity of hypertension can be increased when Linezolid is combined with Naproxen.
Metaraminol The risk or severity of hypertension can be increased when Metaraminol is combined with Naproxen.
Furazolidone The risk or severity of hypertension can be increased when Furazolidone is combined with Naproxen.
Ergotamine The risk or severity of hypertension can be increased when Ergotamine is combined with Naproxen.
Nicergoline The risk or severity of hypertension can be increased when Nicergoline is combined with Naproxen.
Sufentanil The risk or severity of hypertension can be increased when Sufentanil is combined with Naproxen.
Methoxamine The risk or severity of hypertension can be increased when Methoxamine is combined with Naproxen.
Isoflurane The risk or severity of hypertension can be increased when Isoflurane is combined with Naproxen.
Propiomazine The risk or severity of hypertension can be increased when Propiomazine is combined with Naproxen.
Alfentanil The risk or severity of hypertension can be increased when Naproxen is combined with Alfentanil.
Minaprine The risk or severity of hypertension can be increased when Naproxen is combined with Minaprine.
Orciprenaline The risk or severity of hypertension can be increased when Naproxen is combined with Orciprenaline.
Phenmetrazine The risk or severity of hypertension can be increased when Naproxen is combined with Phenmetrazine.
Benzphetamine The risk or severity of hypertension can be increased when Naproxen is combined with Benzphetamine.
Ritodrine The risk or severity of hypertension can be increased when Naproxen is combined with Ritodrine.
Remifentanil The risk or severity of hypertension can be increased when Naproxen is combined with Remifentanil.
Bitolterol The risk or severity of hypertension can be increased when Naproxen is combined with Bitolterol.
Oxymetazoline The risk or severity of hypertension can be increased when Naproxen is combined with Oxymetazoline.
Diethylpropion The risk or severity of hypertension can be increased when Naproxen is combined with Diethylpropion.
Naratriptan The risk or severity of hypertension can be increased when Naproxen is combined with Naratriptan.
Ergoloid mesylate The risk or severity of hypertension can be increased when Naproxen is combined with Ergoloid mesylate.
Isoprenaline The risk or severity of hypertension can be increased when Naproxen is combined with Isoprenaline.
Arbutamine The risk or severity of hypertension can be increased when Naproxen is combined with Arbutamine.
Dutasteride The risk or severity of hypertension can be increased when Naproxen is combined with Dutasteride.
Pergolide The risk or severity of hypertension can be increased when Naproxen is combined with Pergolide.
Desflurane The risk or severity of hypertension can be increased when Naproxen is combined with Desflurane.
Finasteride The risk or severity of hypertension can be increased when Naproxen is combined with Finasteride.
Aripiprazole The risk or severity of hypertension can be increased when Naproxen is combined with Aripiprazole.
Isocarboxazid The risk or severity of hypertension can be increased when Naproxen is combined with Isocarboxazid.
Ergometrine The risk or severity of hypertension can be increased when Naproxen is combined with Ergometrine.
Lisdexamfetamine The risk or severity of hypertension can be increased when Naproxen is combined with Lisdexamfetamine.
Fenoterol The risk or severity of hypertension can be increased when Naproxen is combined with Fenoterol.
Pirbuterol The risk or severity of hypertension can be increased when Naproxen is combined with Pirbuterol.
Ephedra sinica root The risk or severity of hypertension can be increased when Naproxen is combined with Ephedra sinica root.
Ephedrine The risk or severity of hypertension can be increased when Naproxen is combined with Ephedrine.
Mephentermine The risk or severity of hypertension can be increased when Naproxen is combined with Mephentermine.
Procaterol The risk or severity of hypertension can be increased when Naproxen is combined with Procaterol.
Yohimbine The risk or severity of hypertension can be increased when Naproxen is combined with Yohimbine.
Methotrimeprazine The risk or severity of hypertension can be increased when Naproxen is combined with Methotrimeprazine.
Clenbuterol The risk or severity of hypertension can be increased when Naproxen is combined with Clenbuterol.
Bambuterol The risk or severity of hypertension can be increased when Naproxen is combined with Bambuterol.
MMDA The risk or severity of hypertension can be increased when Naproxen is combined with MMDA.
Midomafetamine The risk or severity of hypertension can be increased when Naproxen is combined with Midomafetamine.
2,5-Dimethoxy-4-ethylamphetamine The risk or severity of hypertension can be increased when Naproxen is combined with 2,5-Dimethoxy-4-ethylamphetamine.
4-Methoxyamphetamine The risk or severity of hypertension can be increased when Naproxen is combined with 4-Methoxyamphetamine.
4-Bromo-2,5-dimethoxyamphetamine The risk or severity of hypertension can be increased when Naproxen is combined with 4-Bromo-2,5-dimethoxyamphetamine.
Tenamfetamine The risk or severity of hypertension can be increased when Naproxen is combined with Tenamfetamine.
Chlorphentermine The risk or severity of hypertension can be increased when Naproxen is combined with Chlorphentermine.
Dextroamphetamine The risk or severity of hypertension can be increased when Naproxen is combined with Dextroamphetamine.
Phendimetrazine The risk or severity of hypertension can be increased when Naproxen is combined with Phendimetrazine.
Solifenacin The risk or severity of hypertension can be increased when Naproxen is combined with Solifenacin.
Periciazine The risk or severity of hypertension can be increased when Naproxen is combined with Periciazine.
Acepromazine The risk or severity of hypertension can be increased when Naproxen is combined with Acepromazine.
Thioproperazine The risk or severity of hypertension can be increased when Naproxen is combined with Thioproperazine.
Zuclopenthixol The risk or severity of hypertension can be increased when Naproxen is combined with Zuclopenthixol.
Epicaptopril The risk or severity of hypertension can be increased when Naproxen is combined with Epicaptopril.
Clorgiline The risk or severity of hypertension can be increased when Naproxen is combined with Clorgiline.
1-benzylimidazole The risk or severity of hypertension can be increased when Naproxen is combined with 1-benzylimidazole.
Nialamide The risk or severity of hypertension can be increased when Naproxen is combined with Nialamide.
Lysergic acid diethylamide The risk or severity of hypertension can be increased when Naproxen is combined with Lysergic acid diethylamide.
Dronedarone The risk or severity of hypertension can be increased when Naproxen is combined with Dronedarone.
Flibanserin The risk or severity of hypertension can be increased when Naproxen is combined with Flibanserin.
Iloperidone The risk or severity of hypertension can be increased when Naproxen is combined with Iloperidone.
Rotigotine The risk or severity of hypertension can be increased when Naproxen is combined with Rotigotine.
Amibegron The risk or severity of hypertension can be increased when Naproxen is combined with Amibegron.
Naluzotan The risk or severity of hypertension can be increased when Naproxen is combined with Naluzotan.
Cariprazine The risk or severity of hypertension can be increased when Naproxen is combined with Cariprazine.
Pizotifen The risk or severity of hypertension can be increased when Naproxen is combined with Pizotifen.
Solabegron The risk or severity of hypertension can be increased when Naproxen is combined with Solabegron.
Esmirtazapine The risk or severity of hypertension can be increased when Naproxen is combined with Esmirtazapine.

Target Protein

Pancreatic triacylglycerol lipase PNLIP
Prostaglandin G/H synthase 1 PTGS1
Prostaglandin G/H synthase 2 PTGS2
Peptostreptococcal albumin-binding protein pab

Referensi & Sumber

Artikel (PubMed)
  • PMID: 16740558
    Kearney PM, Baigent C, Godwin J, Halls H, Emberson JR, Patrono C: Do selective cyclo-oxygenase-2 inhibitors and traditional non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs increase the risk of atherothrombosis? Meta-analysis of randomised trials. BMJ. 2006 Jun 3;332(7553):1302-8.
  • PMID: 16968832
    Zhang J, Ding EL, Song Y: Adverse effects of cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitors on renal and arrhythmia events: meta-analysis of randomized trials. JAMA. 2006 Oct 4;296(13):1619-32. Epub 2006 Sep 12.
  • PMID: 30247840
    Brutzkus JC, Varacallo M: Naproxen .
  • PMID: 29392089
    Wongrakpanich S, Wongrakpanich A, Melhado K, Rangaswami J: A Comprehensive Review of Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drug Use in The Elderly. Aging Dis. 2018 Feb 1;9(1):143-150. doi: 10.14336/AD.2017.0306. eCollection 2018 Feb.
  • PMID: 2202585
    Todd PA, Clissold SP: Naproxen. A reappraisal of its pharmacology, and therapeutic use in rheumatic diseases and pain states. Drugs. 1990 Jul;40(1):91-137. doi: 10.2165/00003495-199040010-00006.
  • PMID: 9113437
    Davies NM, Anderson KE: Clinical pharmacokinetics of naproxen. Clin Pharmacokinet. 1997 Apr;32(4):268-93. doi: 10.2165/00003088-199732040-00002.
  • PMID: 16305588
    Falany CN, Strom P, Swedmark S: Sulphation of o-desmethylnaproxen and related compounds by human cytosolic sulfotransferases. Br J Clin Pharmacol. 2005 Dec;60(6):632-40. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2125.2005.02506.x.
  • PMID: 16187975
    Bowalgaha K, Elliot DJ, Mackenzie PI, Knights KM, Swedmark S, Miners JO: S-Naproxen and desmethylnaproxen glucuronidation by human liver microsomes and recombinant human UDP-glucuronosyltransferases (UGT): role of UGT2B7 in the elimination of naproxen. Br J Clin Pharmacol. 2005 Oct;60(4):423-33. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2125.2005.02446.x.
Menampilkan 8 dari 11 artikel.

Contoh Produk & Brand

Produk: 1485 • International brands: 60
Produk
  • 7 Select Naproxen Sodium
    Tablet, film coated • 220 mg/1 • Oral • US • Generic • OTC • Approved
  • 7 Select Naproxen Sodium
    Tablet, film coated • 220 mg/1 • Oral • US • Generic • OTC • Approved
  • Aleve
    Tablet • 220 mg/1 • Oral • US • OTC • Approved
  • Aleve
    Tablet • 220 mg/1 • Oral • US • OTC • Approved
  • Aleve
    Capsule, liquid filled • 220 mg/1 • Oral • US • OTC • Approved
  • Aleve
    Tablet • 220 mg/1 • Oral • US • OTC • Approved
  • Aleve
    Tablet • 220 mg/1 • Oral • US • OTC • Approved
  • Aleve
    Tablet • 220 mg/1 • Oral • US • OTC • Approved
Menampilkan 8 dari 1485 produk.
International Brands
  • Alidase — Laboratorios
  • Alpoxen — Actavis
  • Alpron — Aldril
  • Apain — Marvic
  • Apranax — Roche
  • Apronax — Bayer
  • Bonyl — Orion
  • Bruproxen — Bruluart
  • Bumaflex N — Nycomed
  • Congex — Buxton

Sekuens Gen/Protein (FASTA)

Sekuens dimuat saat dibutuhkan agar halaman tetap ringan.
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