Peringatan Keamanan

The subcutaneous LD50 of triamcinolone acetonide in rats is 13,100µg/kg and in mice is 132mg/kg.L8285 The oral LD50 in rats is 1451mg/kg and in mice is 2168mg/kg.LD50 The intraperitoneal LD50 in mice is 105mg/kg.LD50

Patients experiencing an overdose may develop Cushing's syndrome.A184301 This overdose may be treated with supportive therapy and mifepristone for its antiglucocorticoid activity.A184301

Triamcinolone

DB00620

small molecule approved vet_approved

Deskripsi

Triamcinolone is a corticosteroid used to treat various inflammatory conditions in the body from allergic rhinitis to acute exacerbations of multiple sclerosis.L8255 Triamcinolone can be used as a one time adjunct treatment of osteoarthritic knee pain,L8264 or first line as a topical treatment of corticosteroid responsive dermatoses.L8249 Triamcinolone is more commonly seen in the forms triamcinolone hexacetonide, triamcinolone acetonide, and triamcinolone diacetate.L8246,L8249,L8252,L8255,L8258,L8261,L8264

Triamcinolone was granted FDA approval on 3 December 1957.L8243 In October 2021, a suspension of triamcinolone acetonide was approved for suprachoroidal injection - the first suprachoroidal injection to receive FDA approvalL38973 - for the treatment of patients with macular edema associated with uveitis.L38963

Struktur Molekul 2D

Berat 394.4339
Wujud solid

Peta Jejaring Molekuler
Legenda: Obat • Target • Gen • Enzim • (Panah → menunjukkan arah efek / relasi) • Transporter • Carrier

Profil Farmakokinetik

Waktu Paruh (Half-Life) The half life of triamcinolone is 2.7h.[A184247] The mean terminal elimination half life following an inhaled dose of triamcinolone acetonide is 2.4h.[A184229] The half life of triamcinolone diacetate is 2.8h.[A184247]
Volume Distribusi The apparent volume of distribution of triamcinolone is 115.2±10L.[A184247] The mean apparent volume of distribution of triamcinolone acetonide is 1.96L/kg.[A184229] The apparent volume of distribution of triamcinolone diacetate is 119.7±33.14L.[A184247]
Klirens (Clearance) The clearance of triamcinolone is 28.6±5.6L/h.[A184247] The mean total body clearance of triamcinolone acetonide is 0.57L/h.[A184229] The clearance of triamcinolone diacetate is 34.4±10.6L/h.[A184247]

Absorpsi

A 16mg oral dose of triamcinolone reaches a Cmax of 5.23±0.84ng/mL with a Tmax of 2.24±0.78h and an AUC of 36.0±6.2ng\*h/mL.A184247 A 2mg intravenous dose of triamcinolone acetonide has an AUC of 57.7ng\*h/mL.A184238 The bioavailability of 800µg of inhaled triamcinolone acetonide is 25%, with 10.4% coming from pulmonary absorption and the rest being accounted for by deposition on the oral mucosa and other underlying factors.A184229 An inhaled dose of triamcinolone acetonide reaches a Cmax of 0.92ng/mL with a Tmax of 1.74h and an AUC of 5.12ng\*h/mL.A184229 The fraction of an inhaled dose that is actually absorbed via the pulmonary route reaches a Cmax of 0.55ng/mL with a Tmax of 0.66h and an AUC of 2.15ng\*h/mL.A184229 A 16mg oral dose of triamcinolone diacetate reaches a Cmax of 5.33±1.55ng/mL with a Tmax of 1.86±0.47h and an AUC of 32.7±9.9ng\*h/mL.A184247

Metabolisme

The major metabolite of triamcinolone is 6-beta-hydroxy-triamcinolone.A184193 Data regarding the metabolism of triamcinolone is not readily available.L8246,L8249,L8252,L8255,L8258,L8261,L8264,L8285

Rute Eliminasi

Approximately 20% of a dose of triamcinolone is recovered in the urine as the unchanged drug, 25% is recovered as 6-beta-hydroxy-triamcinolone, and 5% is recovered as unidentified metabolites.A184193

Interaksi Obat

1374 Data
Denosumab The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Denosumab is combined with Triamcinolone.
Peginterferon alfa-2a The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Peginterferon alfa-2a is combined with Triamcinolone.
Interferon alfa-n1 The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Interferon alfa-n1 is combined with Triamcinolone.
Interferon alfa-n3 The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Interferon alfa-n3 is combined with Triamcinolone.
Peginterferon alfa-2b The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Peginterferon alfa-2b is combined with Triamcinolone.
Interferon gamma-1b The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Interferon gamma-1b is combined with Triamcinolone.
Interferon alfa-2a The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Interferon alfa-2a is combined with Triamcinolone.
Gemtuzumab ozogamicin The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Gemtuzumab ozogamicin is combined with Triamcinolone.
Pegaspargase The serum concentration of Triamcinolone can be increased when it is combined with Pegaspargase.
Interferon beta-1b The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Interferon beta-1b is combined with Triamcinolone.
Interferon alfacon-1 The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Interferon alfacon-1 is combined with Triamcinolone.
Rituximab The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Rituximab is combined with Triamcinolone.
Basiliximab The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Basiliximab is combined with Triamcinolone.
Muromonab The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Muromonab is combined with Triamcinolone.
Ibritumomab tiuxetan The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Ibritumomab tiuxetan is combined with Triamcinolone.
Tositumomab The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Tositumomab is combined with Triamcinolone.
Alemtuzumab The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Alemtuzumab is combined with Triamcinolone.
Alefacept The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Alefacept is combined with Triamcinolone.
Efalizumab The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Efalizumab is combined with Triamcinolone.
Antithymocyte immunoglobulin (rabbit) The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Antithymocyte immunoglobulin (rabbit) is combined with Triamcinolone.
Interferon alfa-2b The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Interferon alfa-2b is combined with Triamcinolone.
Daclizumab The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Daclizumab is combined with Triamcinolone.
Phenylalanine The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Phenylalanine is combined with Triamcinolone.
Cladribine Triamcinolone may increase the immunosuppressive activities of Cladribine.
Carmustine The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Carmustine is combined with Triamcinolone.
Amsacrine The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Amsacrine is combined with Triamcinolone.
Bleomycin The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Bleomycin is combined with Triamcinolone.
Chlorambucil The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Chlorambucil is combined with Triamcinolone.
Raltitrexed The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Raltitrexed is combined with Triamcinolone.
Mitomycin The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Mitomycin is combined with Triamcinolone.
Bexarotene The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Bexarotene is combined with Triamcinolone.
Floxuridine The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Floxuridine is combined with Triamcinolone.
Tioguanine The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Tioguanine is combined with Triamcinolone.
Dexrazoxane The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Dexrazoxane is combined with Triamcinolone.
Streptozocin The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Streptozocin is combined with Triamcinolone.
Trifluridine The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Trifluridine is combined with Triamcinolone.
Gemcitabine The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Gemcitabine is combined with Triamcinolone.
Epirubicin The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Epirubicin is combined with Triamcinolone.
Chloramphenicol The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Chloramphenicol is combined with Triamcinolone.
Lenalidomide The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Lenalidomide is combined with Triamcinolone.
Altretamine The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Altretamine is combined with Triamcinolone.
Zidovudine The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Zidovudine is combined with Triamcinolone.
Oxaliplatin The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Oxaliplatin is combined with Triamcinolone.
Fluorouracil The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Fluorouracil is combined with Triamcinolone.
Propylthiouracil The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Propylthiouracil is combined with Triamcinolone.
Pentostatin The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Pentostatin is combined with Triamcinolone.
Linezolid The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Linezolid is combined with Triamcinolone.
Clofarabine The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Triamcinolone is combined with Clofarabine.
Pemetrexed The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Triamcinolone is combined with Pemetrexed.
Mycophenolate mofetil The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Triamcinolone is combined with Mycophenolate mofetil.
Tretinoin The metabolism of Tretinoin can be increased when combined with Triamcinolone.
Dacarbazine The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Triamcinolone is combined with Dacarbazine.
Temozolomide The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Triamcinolone is combined with Temozolomide.
Penicillamine The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Triamcinolone is combined with Penicillamine.
Azacitidine The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Triamcinolone is combined with Azacitidine.
Carboplatin The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Triamcinolone is combined with Carboplatin.
Dactinomycin The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Triamcinolone is combined with Dactinomycin.
Azathioprine The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Triamcinolone is combined with Azathioprine.
Hydroxyurea The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Triamcinolone is combined with Hydroxyurea.
Mycophenolic acid The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Triamcinolone is combined with Mycophenolic acid.
Topotecan The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Triamcinolone is combined with Topotecan.
Mercaptopurine The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Triamcinolone is combined with Mercaptopurine.
Thalidomide The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Triamcinolone is combined with Thalidomide.
Melphalan The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Triamcinolone is combined with Melphalan.
Fludarabine The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Triamcinolone is combined with Fludarabine.
Flucytosine The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Triamcinolone is combined with Flucytosine.
Capecitabine The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Triamcinolone is combined with Capecitabine.
Procarbazine The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Triamcinolone is combined with Procarbazine.
Arsenic trioxide The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Triamcinolone is combined with Arsenic trioxide.
Idarubicin The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Triamcinolone is combined with Idarubicin.
Estramustine The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Triamcinolone is combined with Estramustine.
Mitoxantrone The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Triamcinolone is combined with Mitoxantrone.
Lomustine The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Triamcinolone is combined with Lomustine.
Eculizumab The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Triamcinolone is combined with Eculizumab.
Decitabine The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Triamcinolone is combined with Decitabine.
Nelarabine The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Triamcinolone is combined with Nelarabine.
Stepronin The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Triamcinolone is combined with Stepronin.
Hydroxychloroquine The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Triamcinolone is combined with Hydroxychloroquine.
Castanospermine The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Triamcinolone is combined with Castanospermine.
Vorinostat The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Triamcinolone is combined with Vorinostat.
2-Methoxyethanol The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Triamcinolone is combined with 2-Methoxyethanol.
Brequinar The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Triamcinolone is combined with Brequinar.
Pirfenidone The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Triamcinolone is combined with Pirfenidone.
Interferon alfa The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Triamcinolone is combined with Interferon alfa.
Glatiramer The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Triamcinolone is combined with Glatiramer.
Briakinumab The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Triamcinolone is combined with Briakinumab.
Human interferon omega-1 The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Triamcinolone is combined with Human interferon omega-1.
Mepolizumab The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Triamcinolone is combined with Mepolizumab.
Abetimus The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Triamcinolone is combined with Abetimus.
Belatacept The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Triamcinolone is combined with Belatacept.
Bendamustine The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Triamcinolone is combined with Bendamustine.
Pralatrexate The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Triamcinolone is combined with Pralatrexate.
Wortmannin The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Triamcinolone is combined with Wortmannin.
Eribulin The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Triamcinolone is combined with Eribulin.
Belimumab The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Triamcinolone is combined with Belimumab.
Teriflunomide The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Triamcinolone is combined with Teriflunomide.
Carfilzomib The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Triamcinolone is combined with Carfilzomib.
Dimethyl fumarate The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Triamcinolone is combined with Dimethyl fumarate.
Obinutuzumab The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Triamcinolone is combined with Obinutuzumab.
Vedolizumab The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Triamcinolone is combined with Vedolizumab.

Target Protein

Glucocorticoid receptor NR3C1

Referensi & Sumber

Synthesis reference: Abu Alam, "Triamcinolone formulations and methods for their preparation and use." U.S. Patent US20040186084, issued September 23, 2004.
Artikel (PubMed)
  • PMID: 13700367
    FLORINI JR, SMITH LL, BUYSKE DA: Metabolic fate of a synthetic corticosteroid (triamcinolone) in the dog. J Biol Chem. 1961 Apr;236:1038-42.
  • PMID: 10392324
    Argenti D, Shah B, Heald D: A pharmacokinetic study to evaluate the absolute bioavailability of triamcinolone acetonide following inhalation administration. J Clin Pharmacol. 1999 Jul;39(7):695-702. doi: 10.1177/00912709922008335.
  • PMID: 7608322
    Derendorf H, Hochhaus G, Rohatagi S, Mollmann H, Barth J, Sourgens H, Erdmann M: Pharmacokinetics of triamcinolone acetonide after intravenous, oral, and inhaled administration. J Clin Pharmacol. 1995 Mar;35(3):302-5. doi: 10.1002/j.1552-4604.1995.tb04064.x.
  • PMID: 1973290
    Hochhaus G, Portner M, Barth J, Mollmann H, Rohdewald P: Oral bioavailability of triamcinolone tablets and a triamcinolone diacetate suspension. Pharm Res. 1990 May;7(5):558-60. doi: 10.1023/a:1015889305157.
  • PMID: 13700365
    FLORINI JR, BUYSKE DA: Plasma protein binding of triamcinolone-H3 and hydrocortisone-4-C14. J Biol Chem. 1961 Jan;236:247-51.
  • PMID: 10667036
    Schweitzer DH, Le-Brun PP, Krishnaswami S, Derendorf H: Clinical and pharmacological aspects of accidental triamcinolone acetonide overdosage: a case study. Neth J Med. 2000 Jan;56(1):12-6.
  • PMID: 10883419
    Argenti D, Jensen BK, Hensel R, Bordeaux K, Schleimer R, Bickel C, Heald D: A mass balance study to evaluate the biotransformation and excretion of 14C-triamcinolone acetonide following oral administration. J Clin Pharmacol. 2000 Jul;40(7):770-80. doi: 10.1177/00912700022009413.
  • PMID: 31335029
    Sidhu G, Preuss CV: Triamcinolone .

Contoh Produk & Brand

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    Injection, suspension • 40 mg/1mL • Intra-articular; Intralesional; Intramuscular; Intrasynovial; Parenteral • US • Approved
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