Peringatan Keamanan

Adverse reactions reported most often include neutropenia, febrile neutropenia, fever, alopecia, nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea.

Cyclophosphamide

DB00531

small molecule approved investigational

Deskripsi

Precursor of an alkylating nitrogen mustard antineoplastic and immunosuppressive agent that must be activated in the liver to form the active aldophosphamide. It has been used in the treatment of lymphoma and leukemia. Its side effect, alopecia, has been used for defleecing sheep. Cyclophosphamide may also cause sterility, birth defects, mutations, and cancer.

Struktur Molekul 2D

Berat 261.086
Wujud solid

Peta Jejaring Molekuler
Legenda: Obat • Target • Gen • Enzim • (Panah → menunjukkan arah efek / relasi) • Transporter • Carrier

Profil Farmakokinetik

Waktu Paruh (Half-Life) 3-12 hours
Volume Distribusi 30-50 L
Klirens (Clearance) Total body clearance = 63 ± 7.6 L/kg.

Absorpsi

After oral administration, peak concentrations occur at one hour.

Metabolisme

Metabolism and activation occurs at the liver. 75% of the drug is activated by cytochrome P450 isoforms, CYP2A6, 2B6, 3A4, 3A5, 2C9, 2C18, and 2C19. The CYP2B6 isoform is the enzyme with the highest 4-hydroxylase activity. Cyclophosphamide undergoes activation to eventually form active metabolites, phosphoramide mustard and acrolein. Cyclophosphamide appears to induce its own metabolism which results in an overall increase in clearance, increased formation of 4-hydroxyl metabolites, and shortened t1/2 values following repeated administration.

Rute Eliminasi

Cyclophosphamide is eliminated primarily in the form of metabolites. 10-20% is excreted unchanged in the urine and 4% is excreted in the bile following IV administration.

Farmakogenomik

2 Varian
CYP3A4 (rs2740574)

Patients with this genotype have reduced metabolism of cyclophosphamide to its active form and reduced disease free survival time when using cyclophosphamide to treat node-positive breast cancer.

CYP2B6 (rs4802101)

Patients with this genotype have reduced metabolism of cyclophosphamide to its active form.

Interaksi Makanan

2 Data
  • 1. Drink plenty of fluids. Drink 2 to 3 liters of fluids a day.
  • 2. Take with food. Food reduces irritation.

Interaksi Obat

1408 Data
Etanercept The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Etanercept is combined with Cyclophosphamide.
Denosumab The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Denosumab is combined with Cyclophosphamide.
Peginterferon alfa-2a The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Peginterferon alfa-2a is combined with Cyclophosphamide.
Interferon alfa-n1 The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Interferon alfa-n1 is combined with Cyclophosphamide.
Interferon alfa-n3 The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Interferon alfa-n3 is combined with Cyclophosphamide.
Interferon gamma-1b The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Interferon gamma-1b is combined with Cyclophosphamide.
Interferon alfa-2a The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Interferon alfa-2a is combined with Cyclophosphamide.
Gemtuzumab ozogamicin The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Gemtuzumab ozogamicin is combined with Cyclophosphamide.
Pegaspargase The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Pegaspargase is combined with Cyclophosphamide.
Interferon beta-1b The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Interferon beta-1b is combined with Cyclophosphamide.
Interferon alfacon-1 The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Interferon alfacon-1 is combined with Cyclophosphamide.
Rituximab The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Rituximab is combined with Cyclophosphamide.
Basiliximab The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Basiliximab is combined with Cyclophosphamide.
Muromonab The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Muromonab is combined with Cyclophosphamide.
Ibritumomab tiuxetan The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Ibritumomab tiuxetan is combined with Cyclophosphamide.
Tositumomab The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Tositumomab is combined with Cyclophosphamide.
Alemtuzumab The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Alemtuzumab is combined with Cyclophosphamide.
Alefacept The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Alefacept is combined with Cyclophosphamide.
Efalizumab The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Efalizumab is combined with Cyclophosphamide.
Antithymocyte immunoglobulin (rabbit) The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Antithymocyte immunoglobulin (rabbit) is combined with Cyclophosphamide.
Interferon alfa-2b The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Interferon alfa-2b is combined with Cyclophosphamide.
Daclizumab The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Daclizumab is combined with Cyclophosphamide.
Phenylalanine The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Phenylalanine is combined with Cyclophosphamide.
Cladribine Cyclophosphamide may increase the immunosuppressive activities of Cladribine.
Carmustine The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Carmustine is combined with Cyclophosphamide.
Amsacrine The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Amsacrine is combined with Cyclophosphamide.
Bleomycin The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Bleomycin is combined with Cyclophosphamide.
Chlorambucil The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Chlorambucil is combined with Cyclophosphamide.
Raltitrexed The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Raltitrexed is combined with Cyclophosphamide.
Mitomycin The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Mitomycin is combined with Cyclophosphamide.
Tioguanine The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Tioguanine is combined with Cyclophosphamide.
Dexrazoxane The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Dexrazoxane is combined with Cyclophosphamide.
Streptozocin The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Streptozocin is combined with Cyclophosphamide.
Trifluridine The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Trifluridine is combined with Cyclophosphamide.
Gemcitabine The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Gemcitabine is combined with Cyclophosphamide.
Epirubicin The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Epirubicin is combined with Cyclophosphamide.
Lenalidomide The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Lenalidomide is combined with Cyclophosphamide.
Altretamine The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Altretamine is combined with Cyclophosphamide.
Oxaliplatin The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Oxaliplatin is combined with Cyclophosphamide.
Propylthiouracil The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Cyclophosphamide is combined with Propylthiouracil.
Linezolid The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Cyclophosphamide is combined with Linezolid.
Clofarabine The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Cyclophosphamide is combined with Clofarabine.
Pemetrexed The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Cyclophosphamide is combined with Pemetrexed.
Fludrocortisone The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Cyclophosphamide is combined with Fludrocortisone.
Sulfasalazine The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Cyclophosphamide is combined with Sulfasalazine.
Dacarbazine The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Cyclophosphamide is combined with Dacarbazine.
Temozolomide The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Cyclophosphamide is combined with Temozolomide.
Penicillamine The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Cyclophosphamide is combined with Penicillamine.
Mechlorethamine The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Cyclophosphamide is combined with Mechlorethamine.
Azacitidine The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Cyclophosphamide is combined with Azacitidine.
Carboplatin The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Cyclophosphamide is combined with Carboplatin.
Dactinomycin The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Cyclophosphamide is combined with Dactinomycin.
Hydroxyurea The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Cyclophosphamide is combined with Hydroxyurea.
Mycophenolic acid The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Cyclophosphamide is combined with Mycophenolic acid.
Mercaptopurine The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Cyclophosphamide is combined with Mercaptopurine.
Melphalan The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Cyclophosphamide is combined with Melphalan.
Fludarabine The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Cyclophosphamide is combined with Fludarabine.
Flucytosine The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Cyclophosphamide is combined with Flucytosine.
Procarbazine The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Cyclophosphamide is combined with Procarbazine.
Arsenic trioxide The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Cyclophosphamide is combined with Arsenic trioxide.
Estramustine The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Cyclophosphamide is combined with Estramustine.
Lomustine The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Cyclophosphamide is combined with Lomustine.
Eculizumab The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Cyclophosphamide is combined with Eculizumab.
Decitabine The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Cyclophosphamide is combined with Decitabine.
Nelarabine The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Cyclophosphamide is combined with Nelarabine.
Ciclesonide The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Cyclophosphamide is combined with Ciclesonide.
Stepronin The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Cyclophosphamide is combined with Stepronin.
Hydroxychloroquine The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Cyclophosphamide is combined with Hydroxychloroquine.
Castanospermine The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Cyclophosphamide is combined with Castanospermine.
Vorinostat The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Cyclophosphamide is combined with Vorinostat.
2-Methoxyethanol The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Cyclophosphamide is combined with 2-Methoxyethanol.
Brequinar The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Cyclophosphamide is combined with Brequinar.
Aldosterone The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Cyclophosphamide is combined with Aldosterone.
Pirfenidone The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Cyclophosphamide is combined with Pirfenidone.
Interferon alfa The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Cyclophosphamide is combined with Interferon alfa.
Glatiramer The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Cyclophosphamide is combined with Glatiramer.
Briakinumab The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Cyclophosphamide is combined with Briakinumab.
Human interferon omega-1 The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Cyclophosphamide is combined with Human interferon omega-1.
Mepolizumab The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Cyclophosphamide is combined with Mepolizumab.
Abetimus The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Cyclophosphamide is combined with Abetimus.
Belatacept The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Cyclophosphamide is combined with Belatacept.
Bendamustine The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Cyclophosphamide is combined with Bendamustine.
Pralatrexate The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Cyclophosphamide is combined with Pralatrexate.
Wortmannin The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Cyclophosphamide is combined with Wortmannin.
Eribulin The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Cyclophosphamide is combined with Eribulin.
Teriflunomide The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Cyclophosphamide is combined with Teriflunomide.
Carfilzomib The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Cyclophosphamide is combined with Carfilzomib.
Dimethyl fumarate The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Cyclophosphamide is combined with Dimethyl fumarate.
Obinutuzumab The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Cyclophosphamide is combined with Obinutuzumab.
Vedolizumab The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Cyclophosphamide is combined with Vedolizumab.
Blinatumomab The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Cyclophosphamide is combined with Blinatumomab.
Dinutuximab The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Cyclophosphamide is combined with Dinutuximab.
Vilanterol The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Cyclophosphamide is combined with Vilanterol.
Tixocortol The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Cyclophosphamide is combined with Tixocortol.
Peginterferon beta-1a The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Cyclophosphamide is combined with Peginterferon beta-1a.
Antilymphocyte immunoglobulin (horse) The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Cyclophosphamide is combined with Antilymphocyte immunoglobulin (horse).
Fluprednisolone The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Cyclophosphamide is combined with Fluprednisolone.
Tepoxalin The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Cyclophosphamide is combined with Tepoxalin.
Melengestrol The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Cyclophosphamide is combined with Melengestrol.
Ixekizumab The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Cyclophosphamide is combined with Ixekizumab.

Target Protein

DNA
Nuclear receptor subfamily 1 group I member 2 NR1I2

Referensi & Sumber

Synthesis reference: Riccardo Dalla-Favera, Alessandro Massimo Gianni, "Retroviral vector capable of transducing the aldehyde dehydrogenase-1 gene and making cells resistant to the chemotherapeutic agent cyclophosphamide and its derivatives and analogs." U.S. Patent US6268138, issued March, 1999.
Artikel (PubMed)
  • PMID: 8697402
    Brock N: The history of the oxazaphosphorine cytostatics. Cancer. 1996 Aug 1;78(3):542-7.
  • PMID: 2491747
    Brock N: Oxazaphosphorine cytostatics: past-present-future. Seventh Cain Memorial Award lecture. Cancer Res. 1989 Jan 1;49(1):1-7.

Contoh Produk & Brand

Produk: 140 • International brands: 5
Produk
  • Cyclophosphamide
    Tablet • 25 mg/1 • Oral • US • Generic • Approved
  • Cyclophosphamide
    Tablet • 50 mg/1 • Oral • US • Generic • Approved
  • Cyclophosphamide
    Tablet • 25 mg/1 • Oral • US • Generic • Approved
  • Cyclophosphamide
    Tablet • 50 mg/1 • Oral • US • Generic • Approved
  • Cyclophosphamide
    Capsule • 50 mg/1 • Oral • US • Generic • Approved
  • Cyclophosphamide
    Capsule • 25 mg/1 • Oral • US • Generic • Approved
  • Cyclophosphamide
    Injection, powder, for solution • 500 mg/25mL • Intravenous; Oral • US • Generic • Approved
  • Cyclophosphamide
    Injection, powder, for solution • 1 g/50mL • Intravenous; Oral • US • Generic • Approved
Menampilkan 8 dari 140 produk.
International Brands
  • Endoxan — Actavis
  • Neosar
  • Procytox — Baxter
  • Revimmune
  • Sendoxan — Baxter

Sekuens Gen/Protein (FASTA)

Sekuens dimuat saat dibutuhkan agar halaman tetap ringan.
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