Peringatan Keamanan

Chronic high doses of glucocorticoids can lead to the development of cataracts, glaucoma, hypertension, water retention, hyperlipidemia, peptic ulcer, pancreatitis, myopathy, osteoporosis, mood changes, psychosis, dermal atrophy, allergy, acne, hypertrichosis, immune suppression, decreased resistance to infection, moon face, hyperglycemia, hypocalcemia, hypophosphatemia, metabolic acidosis, growth suppression, and secondary adrenal insufficiency.A188405 Overdose may be treated by adjusting the dose or stopping the corticosteroid as well as initiating symptomatic and supportive treatment.A188405

Betamethasone

DB00443

small molecule approved vet_approved

Deskripsi

Betamethasone is a long-acting corticosteroid with immunosuppressive and antiinflammatory properties.A192444 It can be used topically to manage inflammatory skin conditions such as eczema, and parenterally to manage several disease states including autoimmune disorders.A192444 Betamethasone has potent glucocorticoid activity and negligible mineralocorticoid activity.A192444

Struktur Molekul 2D

Berat 392.4611
Wujud solid

Peta Jejaring Molekuler
Legenda: Obat • Target • Gen • Enzim • (Panah → menunjukkan arah efek / relasi) • Transporter • Carrier

Profil Farmakokinetik

Waktu Paruh (Half-Life) In a study that included Indian women of reproductive age, the half-life following a single intramuscular dose of betamethasone phosphate was 10.2 ± 2.5 hours.[A192420]
Volume Distribusi In a study that included Indian women of reproductive age, the volume of distribution following a single intramuscular dose of betamethasone phosphate was 94,584±23,539 mL(s).[A192420]
Klirens (Clearance) In a study that included Indian women of reproductive age, the CL/F following a single intramuscular dose of betamethasone phosphate was 6,466 ± 805 mL/hour.[A192420]

Absorpsi

The absorption and potency of any topical corticosteroid including betamethasone depends on the vehicle in which the steroid is delivered. For example, betamethasone dipropionate 0.05% ointment is classified as a highly potent topical steroid, while betamethasone dipropionate 0.05% cream or lotion is considered to be moderately potent.A192375 There are several structural modifications that can determine the potency of a topical corticosteroid. For example, corticosteroids containing a halogen at specific carbons, or that contain esters are more potent due to enhanced lipophilicity.A192378 As such, there is a marked difference between topical products containing betamethasone dipropionate vs. betamethasone valerate. Betamethasone dipropionate contains 2 esters which enhances its potency, while betamethasone valerate has only one ester and is less potent.A192378 It should be noted that the use of occlusive dressings with topical steroids significantly increases the absorption, increasing the risk for adverse effects.L10782

Metabolisme

The metabolism of betamethasone yields 6 metabolites.A192429 The metabolic processes include 6? hydroxylation, 11?-hydroxyl oxidation, and reduction of the C-20 carbonyl group followed by removal of the side chain.A192429

Rute Eliminasi

Corticosteroids are eliminated predominantly in the urine.A187436

Interaksi Obat

1361 Data
Denosumab The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Denosumab is combined with Betamethasone.
Peginterferon alfa-2a The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Peginterferon alfa-2a is combined with Betamethasone.
Interferon alfa-n1 The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Interferon alfa-n1 is combined with Betamethasone.
Interferon alfa-n3 The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Interferon alfa-n3 is combined with Betamethasone.
Peginterferon alfa-2b The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Peginterferon alfa-2b is combined with Betamethasone.
Interferon gamma-1b The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Interferon gamma-1b is combined with Betamethasone.
Interferon alfa-2a The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Interferon alfa-2a is combined with Betamethasone.
Gemtuzumab ozogamicin The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Gemtuzumab ozogamicin is combined with Betamethasone.
Pegaspargase The serum concentration of Betamethasone can be increased when it is combined with Pegaspargase.
Interferon beta-1b The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Interferon beta-1b is combined with Betamethasone.
Interferon alfacon-1 The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Interferon alfacon-1 is combined with Betamethasone.
Rituximab The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Rituximab is combined with Betamethasone.
Basiliximab The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Basiliximab is combined with Betamethasone.
Muromonab The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Muromonab is combined with Betamethasone.
Ibritumomab tiuxetan The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Ibritumomab tiuxetan is combined with Betamethasone.
Tositumomab The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Tositumomab is combined with Betamethasone.
Alemtuzumab The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Alemtuzumab is combined with Betamethasone.
Alefacept The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Alefacept is combined with Betamethasone.
Efalizumab The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Efalizumab is combined with Betamethasone.
Antithymocyte immunoglobulin (rabbit) The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Antithymocyte immunoglobulin (rabbit) is combined with Betamethasone.
Interferon alfa-2b The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Interferon alfa-2b is combined with Betamethasone.
Daclizumab The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Daclizumab is combined with Betamethasone.
Phenylalanine The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Phenylalanine is combined with Betamethasone.
Cladribine Betamethasone may increase the immunosuppressive activities of Cladribine.
Carmustine The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Carmustine is combined with Betamethasone.
Amsacrine The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Amsacrine is combined with Betamethasone.
Bleomycin The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Bleomycin is combined with Betamethasone.
Chlorambucil The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Chlorambucil is combined with Betamethasone.
Raltitrexed The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Raltitrexed is combined with Betamethasone.
Mitomycin The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Mitomycin is combined with Betamethasone.
Bexarotene The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Bexarotene is combined with Betamethasone.
Floxuridine The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Floxuridine is combined with Betamethasone.
Tioguanine The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Tioguanine is combined with Betamethasone.
Dexrazoxane The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Dexrazoxane is combined with Betamethasone.
Streptozocin The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Streptozocin is combined with Betamethasone.
Trifluridine The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Trifluridine is combined with Betamethasone.
Gemcitabine The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Gemcitabine is combined with Betamethasone.
Epirubicin The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Betamethasone is combined with Epirubicin.
Chloramphenicol The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Betamethasone is combined with Chloramphenicol.
Lenalidomide The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Betamethasone is combined with Lenalidomide.
Altretamine The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Betamethasone is combined with Altretamine.
Zidovudine The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Betamethasone is combined with Zidovudine.
Oxaliplatin The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Betamethasone is combined with Oxaliplatin.
Propylthiouracil The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Betamethasone is combined with Propylthiouracil.
Pentostatin The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Betamethasone is combined with Pentostatin.
Linezolid The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Betamethasone is combined with Linezolid.
Clofarabine The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Betamethasone is combined with Clofarabine.
Pemetrexed The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Betamethasone is combined with Pemetrexed.
Mycophenolate mofetil The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Betamethasone is combined with Mycophenolate mofetil.
Tretinoin The metabolism of Tretinoin can be increased when combined with Betamethasone.
Dacarbazine The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Betamethasone is combined with Dacarbazine.
Temozolomide The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Betamethasone is combined with Temozolomide.
Penicillamine The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Betamethasone is combined with Penicillamine.
Azacitidine The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Betamethasone is combined with Azacitidine.
Carboplatin The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Betamethasone is combined with Carboplatin.
Dactinomycin The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Betamethasone is combined with Dactinomycin.
Azathioprine The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Betamethasone is combined with Azathioprine.
Hydroxyurea The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Betamethasone is combined with Hydroxyurea.
Mycophenolic acid The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Betamethasone is combined with Mycophenolic acid.
Topotecan The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Betamethasone is combined with Topotecan.
Mercaptopurine The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Betamethasone is combined with Mercaptopurine.
Thalidomide The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Betamethasone is combined with Thalidomide.
Melphalan The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Betamethasone is combined with Melphalan.
Fludarabine The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Betamethasone is combined with Fludarabine.
Flucytosine The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Betamethasone is combined with Flucytosine.
Procarbazine The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Betamethasone is combined with Procarbazine.
Arsenic trioxide The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Betamethasone is combined with Arsenic trioxide.
Idarubicin The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Betamethasone is combined with Idarubicin.
Estramustine The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Betamethasone is combined with Estramustine.
Mitoxantrone The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Betamethasone is combined with Mitoxantrone.
Lomustine The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Betamethasone is combined with Lomustine.
Eculizumab The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Betamethasone is combined with Eculizumab.
Decitabine The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Betamethasone is combined with Decitabine.
Nelarabine The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Betamethasone is combined with Nelarabine.
Stepronin The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Betamethasone is combined with Stepronin.
Hydroxychloroquine The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Betamethasone is combined with Hydroxychloroquine.
Castanospermine The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Betamethasone is combined with Castanospermine.
Vorinostat The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Betamethasone is combined with Vorinostat.
2-Methoxyethanol The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Betamethasone is combined with 2-Methoxyethanol.
Brequinar The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Betamethasone is combined with Brequinar.
Pirfenidone The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Betamethasone is combined with Pirfenidone.
Interferon alfa The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Betamethasone is combined with Interferon alfa.
Glatiramer The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Betamethasone is combined with Glatiramer.
Briakinumab The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Betamethasone is combined with Briakinumab.
Human interferon omega-1 The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Betamethasone is combined with Human interferon omega-1.
Mepolizumab The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Betamethasone is combined with Mepolizumab.
Abetimus The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Betamethasone is combined with Abetimus.
Belatacept The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Betamethasone is combined with Belatacept.
Bendamustine The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Betamethasone is combined with Bendamustine.
Pralatrexate The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Betamethasone is combined with Pralatrexate.
Wortmannin The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Betamethasone is combined with Wortmannin.
Eribulin The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Betamethasone is combined with Eribulin.
Belimumab The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Betamethasone is combined with Belimumab.
Teriflunomide The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Betamethasone is combined with Teriflunomide.
Carfilzomib The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Betamethasone is combined with Carfilzomib.
Dimethyl fumarate The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Betamethasone is combined with Dimethyl fumarate.
Obinutuzumab The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Betamethasone is combined with Obinutuzumab.
Vedolizumab The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Betamethasone is combined with Vedolizumab.
Blinatumomab The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Betamethasone is combined with Blinatumomab.
Dinutuximab The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Betamethasone is combined with Dinutuximab.

Target Protein

Glucocorticoid receptor NR3C1

Referensi & Sumber

Synthesis reference: Fernando AHUMADA AYALA, "SKIN-CARE PREPARATIONS CONTAINING MUPIROCIN AND BETAMETHASONE DIPROPIONATE." U.S. Patent US20100063015, issued March 11, 2010.
Artikel (PubMed)
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    Yasir M, Sonthalia S: Corticosteroid Adverse Effects .
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    Czock D, Keller F, Rasche FM, Haussler U: Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of systemically administered glucocorticoids. Clin Pharmacokinet. 2005;44(1):61-98. doi: 10.2165/00003088-200544010-00003.
  • PMID: 23213332
    Uva L, Miguel D, Pinheiro C, Antunes J, Cruz D, Ferreira J, Filipe P: Mechanisms of action of topical corticosteroids in psoriasis. Int J Endocrinol. 2012;2012:561018. doi: 10.1155/2012/561018. Epub 2012 Nov 5.
  • PMID: 29411351
    Spada F, Barnes TM, Greive KA: Comparative safety and efficacy of topical mometasone furoate with other topical corticosteroids. Australas J Dermatol. 2018 Aug;59(3):e168-e174. doi: 10.1111/ajd.12762. Epub 2018 Feb 7.
  • PMID: 27279294
    Mehta AB, Nadkarni NJ, Patil SP, Godse KV, Gautam M, Agarwal S: Topical corticosteroids in dermatology. Indian J Dermatol Venereol Leprol. 2016 Jul-Aug;82(4):371-8. doi: 10.4103/0378-6323.178903.
  • PMID: 24347992
    Ciriaco M, Ventrice P, Russo G, Scicchitano M, Mazzitello G, Scicchitano F, Russo E: Corticosteroid-related central nervous system side effects. J Pharmacol Pharmacother. 2013 Dec;4(Suppl 1):S94-8. doi: 10.4103/0976-500X.120975.
  • PMID: 29568666
    Pontremoli C, Barbero N, Viscardi G, Visentin S: Insight into the interaction of inhaled corticosteroids with human serum albumin: A spectroscopic-based study. J Pharm Anal. 2018 Feb;8(1):37-44. doi: 10.1016/j.jpha.2017.07.003. Epub 2017 Jul 5.
  • PMID: 29273683
    Simard M, Underhill C, Hammond GL: Functional implications of corticosteroid-binding globulin N-glycosylation. J Mol Endocrinol. 2018 Feb;60(2):71-84. doi: 10.1530/JME-17-0234. Epub 2017 Dec 22.
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