Peringatan Keamanan

LD₅₀ and Nonclinical Toxicity

The oral LD₅₀ value in rats is 5000 mg/kg.MSDS Studies evaluating the carcinogenic potential of mupirocin have not been performed. In various in vivo animal and in vitro bacterial assays, there was no evidence of genotoxicity caused by mupirocin. In reproduction studies using male and female rats, there were no signs of impaired fertility upon subcutaneous administration of mupirocin.^L10580

Use in special populations

Mupirocin was found to be excreted in human milk. As there is limited data on the use of topical mupirocin in pregnant women, the use of this drug in these patients should be undertaken with caution. Based on the findings in clinical trials, topical mupirocin was shown to be safe and effective in pediatric patients aged 2 months to 16 years.^L10580

Mupirocin

DB00410

small molecule approved investigational vet_approved

Deskripsi

Mupirocin, formerly termed pseudomonic acid A,^A178531 is a novel antibacterial agent with a unique chemical structure and mode of action apart from other antibiotic agents. Produced by fermentation using the organism Pseudomonas fluorescens, mupirocin is a naturally-occurring antibiotic that displays a broad-specturm activity against many gram-positive bacteria and certain gram-negative bacteria in vitro.^L10580 It primarily works by inhibiting bacterial protein synthesis. Due to its unique mode of action of inhibiting the activity of bacterial isoleucyl-tRNA synthetase, mupirocin does not demonstrate cross-resistance with other classes of antimicrobial agents, giving it a therapeutic advantage.^L10580 It is available in topical formulations only due to extensive systemic metabolism^A178531 and is used in the treatment of impetigo caused by Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus pyogenes and traumatic skin lesions due to secondary skin infections caused by S. aureus and S. pyogenes. There is also some clinical evidence that suggests the potential role of mupirocin in eradicating nasal carriage of Staphylococci when administered intranasally.A178531,A178591 Mupirocin is commonly marketed under the brand name Bactroban.

Struktur Molekul 2D

Berat 500.6222

Wujud solid

Peta Jejaring Molekuler

Obat Target Gen Interaksi Enzim Transporter Carrier

Legenda: Obat • Target • Gen • Enzim • (Panah → menunjukkan arah efek / relasi) • Transporter • Carrier

1. Pendahuluan & Konsep

Fitur visualisasi ini dikembangkan menggunakan pendekatan Graph Theory untuk memetakan hubungan polifarmasi dan molekuler. Entitas (Obat, Target, Gen) direpresentasikan sebagai Simpul (Nodes), sedangkan hubungan biologisnya sebagai Sisi (Edges).

2. Sumber Data (Validasi)

Data Obat: Diekstraksi dari elemen drugbank-id dan name pada skema XML DrugBank.
Target Protein: Diambil dari elemen targets/target yang memuat polipeptida sasaran.
Genetik: Disinkronisasi dari sub-elemen gene-name dan varian snp-effects.
Genetik: Jumlah titik node dibatasi pada maksimal 10 (Slice=10) interaksi untuk menghindari tumpukan data.

3. Algoritma Visualisasi

Tata letak grafik menggunakan algoritma Force-Directed Graph (Barnes-Hut). Model fisika ini menerapkan gaya tolak-menolak antar simpul (Gravitasi: -3000) agar tidak tumpang tindih, serta gaya pegas (Spring: 0.04) pada garis penghubung untuk fleksibilitas interaksi.

4. Legenda Visual

Obat Utama (Pusat Analisis)

Target Protein (Mekanisme)

Gen (Faktor Genetik)

Metode ini mendukung analisis Precision Medicine dan evaluasi risiko Drug-Drug Interaction (DDI).

Profil Farmakokinetik

Waktu Paruh (Half-Life) In healthy male volunteers, the elimination half-life of mupirocin was about 20 to 40 minutes following intravenous administration. The elimination half-life of monic acid was about 30 to 80 minutes.[L6349]

Volume Distribusi No information available.

Klirens (Clearance) No information available.

Absorpsi

Systemic or percutaneous absorption of mupirocin following dermal application is expected to be minimal in adults and children.^L10580 Occlusive dressings do not significantly enhance drug absorption, but damaged skin may allow enhanced penetration of the drug across the skin barrier.^A178552

Metabolisme

Following intravenous or oral administration, mupirocin undergoes rapid hepatic metabolism to form the principal metabolite monic acid, which has no antibacterial activity.^L10580

Rute Eliminasi

Any mupirocin reaching the systemic circulation is rapidly metabolized to form the inactive monic acid, which is eliminated by renal excretion. Following the application of Centany (mupirocin ointment),2% to a 400 cm2 area on the back of 23 healthy volunteers once daily for 7 days, the mean (range) cumulative urinary excretion of monic acid over 24 hrs following the last administration was 1.25% (0.2% to 3.0%) of the administered dose of mupirocin.^L10580

Interaksi Obat

52 Data

Dicoumarol	The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Mupirocin is combined with Dicoumarol.
Phenindione	The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Mupirocin is combined with Phenindione.
Warfarin	The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Mupirocin is combined with Warfarin.
Phenprocoumon	The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Mupirocin is combined with Phenprocoumon.
Acenocoumarol	The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Mupirocin is combined with Acenocoumarol.
4-hydroxycoumarin	The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Mupirocin is combined with 4-hydroxycoumarin.
Coumarin	The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Mupirocin is combined with Coumarin.
(R)-warfarin	The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Mupirocin is combined with (R)-warfarin.
Ethyl biscoumacetate	The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Mupirocin is combined with Ethyl biscoumacetate.
Fluindione	The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Mupirocin is combined with Fluindione.
Clorindione	The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Mupirocin is combined with Clorindione.
Diphenadione	The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Mupirocin is combined with Diphenadione.
Tioclomarol	The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Mupirocin is combined with Tioclomarol.
(S)-Warfarin	The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Mupirocin is combined with (S)-Warfarin.
Vibrio cholerae CVD 103-HgR strain live antigen	The therapeutic efficacy of Vibrio cholerae CVD 103-HgR strain live antigen can be decreased when used in combination with Mupirocin.
Oxymetazoline	The absorption of Mupirocin can be decreased when combined with Oxymetazoline.
Estetrol	The therapeutic efficacy of Estetrol can be decreased when used in combination with Mupirocin.
Lidocaine	The risk or severity of methemoglobinemia can be increased when Mupirocin is combined with Lidocaine.
Ropivacaine	The risk or severity of methemoglobinemia can be increased when Mupirocin is combined with Ropivacaine.
Bupivacaine	The risk or severity of methemoglobinemia can be increased when Mupirocin is combined with Bupivacaine.
Cinchocaine	The risk or severity of methemoglobinemia can be increased when Mupirocin is combined with Cinchocaine.
Dyclonine	The risk or severity of methemoglobinemia can be increased when Mupirocin is combined with Dyclonine.
Procaine	The risk or severity of methemoglobinemia can be increased when Mupirocin is combined with Procaine.
Prilocaine	The risk or severity of methemoglobinemia can be increased when Mupirocin is combined with Prilocaine.
Proparacaine	The risk or severity of methemoglobinemia can be increased when Mupirocin is combined with Proparacaine.
Meloxicam	The risk or severity of methemoglobinemia can be increased when Mupirocin is combined with Meloxicam.
Oxybuprocaine	The risk or severity of methemoglobinemia can be increased when Mupirocin is combined with Oxybuprocaine.
Cocaine	The risk or severity of methemoglobinemia can be increased when Mupirocin is combined with Cocaine.
Mepivacaine	The risk or severity of methemoglobinemia can be increased when Mupirocin is combined with Mepivacaine.
Levobupivacaine	The risk or severity of methemoglobinemia can be increased when Mupirocin is combined with Levobupivacaine.
Diphenhydramine	The risk or severity of methemoglobinemia can be increased when Mupirocin is combined with Diphenhydramine.
Benzocaine	The risk or severity of methemoglobinemia can be increased when Mupirocin is combined with Benzocaine.
Chloroprocaine	The risk or severity of methemoglobinemia can be increased when Mupirocin is combined with Chloroprocaine.
Phenol	The risk or severity of methemoglobinemia can be increased when Mupirocin is combined with Phenol.
Tetrodotoxin	The risk or severity of methemoglobinemia can be increased when Mupirocin is combined with Tetrodotoxin.
Benzyl alcohol	The risk or severity of methemoglobinemia can be increased when Mupirocin is combined with Benzyl alcohol.
Capsaicin	The risk or severity of methemoglobinemia can be increased when Mupirocin is combined with Capsaicin.
Etidocaine	The risk or severity of methemoglobinemia can be increased when Mupirocin is combined with Etidocaine.
Articaine	The risk or severity of methemoglobinemia can be increased when Mupirocin is combined with Articaine.
Tetracaine	The risk or severity of methemoglobinemia can be increased when Mupirocin is combined with Tetracaine.
Propoxycaine	The risk or severity of methemoglobinemia can be increased when Mupirocin is combined with Propoxycaine.
Pramocaine	The risk or severity of methemoglobinemia can be increased when Mupirocin is combined with Pramocaine.
Butamben	The risk or severity of methemoglobinemia can be increased when Mupirocin is combined with Butamben.
Butacaine	The risk or severity of methemoglobinemia can be increased when Mupirocin is combined with Butacaine.
Oxetacaine	The risk or severity of methemoglobinemia can be increased when Mupirocin is combined with Oxetacaine.
Ethyl chloride	The risk or severity of methemoglobinemia can be increased when Mupirocin is combined with Ethyl chloride.
Butanilicaine	The risk or severity of methemoglobinemia can be increased when Mupirocin is combined with Butanilicaine.
Metabutethamine	The risk or severity of methemoglobinemia can be increased when Mupirocin is combined with Metabutethamine.
Quinisocaine	The risk or severity of methemoglobinemia can be increased when Mupirocin is combined with Quinisocaine.
Cisatracurium	Mupirocin may increase the neuromuscular blocking activities of Cisatracurium.
Ambroxol	The risk or severity of methemoglobinemia can be increased when Mupirocin is combined with Ambroxol.
Fecal microbiota	The therapeutic efficacy of Fecal microbiota can be decreased when used in combination with Mupirocin.

Target Protein

Isoleucine--tRNA ligase ileS

Referensi & Sumber

Synthesis reference: Harvey Lee Zimmerman, "Pharmaceutical and veterinary compositions of mupirocin and methods for their preparation." U.S. Patent US6025389, issued January, 1988.

Artikel (PubMed)

PMID: 3146455
Parenti MA, Hatfield SM, Leyden JJ: Mupirocin: a topical antibiotic with a unique structure and mechanism of action. Clin Pharm. 1987 Oct;6(10):761-70.
PMID: 2502615
Putnam CD, Reynolds MS: Mupirocin: a new topical therapy for impetigo. J Pediatr Health Care. 1989 Jul-Aug;3(4):224-7.
PMID: 1684188
Lamb YJ: Overview of the role of mupirocin. J Hosp Infect. 1991 Sep;19 Suppl B:27-30.
PMID: 2112164
Pappa KA: The clinical development of mupirocin. J Am Acad Dermatol. 1990 May;22(5 Pt 1):873-9.
PMID: 26142407
Poovelikunnel T, Gethin G, Humphreys H: Mupirocin resistance: clinical implications and potential alternatives for the eradication of MRSA. J Antimicrob Chemother. 2015 Oct;70(10):2681-92. doi: 10.1093/jac/dkv169. Epub 2015 Jul 3.

Link

Contoh Produk & Brand

Produk: 124 • International brands: 5

Produk

Bactroban

Cream • 20 mg/1g • Topical • US • Approved
Bactroban

Cream • 20 mg/1g • Topical • US • Approved
Bactroban

Ointment • 20 mg/1g • Topical • US • Approved
Bactroban

Cream • 21.5 mg/1g • Topical • US • Approved
Bactroban

Ointment • 20 mg/1g • Topical • US • Approved
Bactroban

Ointment • 20 mg/1g • Topical • US • Approved
Bactroban

Cream • 20 mg/1g • Topical • US • Approved
Bactroban

Ointment • 20 mg/1g • Topical • US • Approved

Menampilkan 8 dari 124 produk.

International Brands

Bactroban Nasal — GlaxoSmithKline
Plasimine — GlaxoSmithKline
Spectroderm — GlaxoSmithKline
T-Bact — GlaxoSmithKline
Turixin — GlaxoSmithKline

Sekuens Gen/Protein (FASTA)

Sekuens dimuat saat dibutuhkan agar halaman tetap ringan.