Peringatan Keamanan

The oral LD50 of eszopiclone in rats is 980 mg/kg and 3200 mg/kg in rabbits.L6853 Symptoms of overdose may include mental status changes and somnolence, demonstrating general exaggeration of the drug's pharmacological effects. Perform gastric lavage and offer supportive treatment if an overdose is suspected, including intravenous fluids as required. Flumazenil may be used. Vital signs should be closely monitored in addition to patient symptoms. Appropriate medical interventions should be employed. The possibility of an overdose with multiple drugs should be considered. Ensure to contact the local poison control center for the most updated management of hypnotic drug overdose.L6769

Eszopiclone

DB00402

small molecule approved investigational

Deskripsi

Eszopiclone, marketed by Sepracor under the brand-name Lunesta, is a nonbenzodiazepine hypnotic drug used to treat insomnia. It is the active stereoisomer of zopiclone, belonging to the class of drugs known as cyclopyrrolones.A179638,L6850 Cyclopyrrolone drugs demonstrate high efficacy and low toxicityA179827, offering a safer alternative to other drugs used for insomnia.

One major benefit of eszopiclone is that it is approved by the FDA for the long-term treatment of insomnia. This sets it apart from many other hypnotic sedatives, which are generally approved only for the relief of short-term (6-8 weeks) insomnia. Eszopiclone was initially approved by the FDA in 2004.L6769

Struktur Molekul 2D

Berat 388.808
Wujud solid

Peta Jejaring Molekuler
Legenda: Obat • Target • Gen • Enzim • (Panah → menunjukkan arah efek / relasi) • Transporter • Carrier

Profil Farmakokinetik

Waktu Paruh (Half-Life) The half-life is 6.1 hours in healthy patients but is prolonged in various patients, including those with hepatic impairment, elderly patients, in addition to those taking CYP3A enzyme inhibiting drugs.[A179638,L6769]
Volume Distribusi The volume of distribution of eszopiclone is estimated at 89.9L[L6802]
Klirens (Clearance) The mean clearance of eszopiclone in young, healthy volunteers was 184 mL/min in one pharmacokinetic study.[A179638]

Absorpsi

Eszopiclone is rapidly absorbed and the peak concentration is reached within about 1 hour after oral administration.A179659,L6769 The mean AUC after a 3 mg dose of eszopiclone was 278 ng/mL × h.A179638 The consumption of a high-fat has been shown to slow absorption. Steady-state concentrations of eszopiclone are reached within 24-48 hours.A179662

Metabolisme

Following oral administration, eszopiclone is extensively biotransformed and the major metabolites are S-desmethylzopiclone and zopiclone-N-oxide, which are largely inactive.A179641. The enzymes involved in the metabolism of eszopiclone are CYP3A (the primary metabolizing enzyme), CYP2C8, and CYP2E1.A179641 The N-oxide derivative shows weak pharmacological activity in animals. The N-desmethyl metabolite is pharmacologically active.L6769

Rute Eliminasi

Only about 10% of an eszopiclone dose is found excreted in the urine as the parent drug.A179659,L6769 As much as 75% of an orally administered dose of racemic zopiclone as is found to be excreted in the urine in the form of metabolites. Eszopiclone, the S-isomer of racemic zopiclone, would likely show the same excretion pattern.L6769

Interaksi Makanan

2 Data
  • 1. Avoid alcohol.
  • 2. Do not take with or immediately after a high-fat meal. This decreases the absorption of eszopiclone.

Interaksi Obat

1640 Data
Buprenorphine Eszopiclone may increase the central nervous system depressant (CNS depressant) activities of Buprenorphine.
Doxylamine Doxylamine may increase the central nervous system depressant (CNS depressant) activities of Eszopiclone.
Hydrocodone Eszopiclone may increase the central nervous system depressant (CNS depressant) activities of Hydrocodone.
Hydroxyzine Hydroxyzine may increase the central nervous system depressant (CNS depressant) activities of Eszopiclone.
Magnesium sulfate The therapeutic efficacy of Eszopiclone can be increased when used in combination with Magnesium sulfate.
Metyrosine Eszopiclone may increase the sedative activities of Metyrosine.
Minocycline Minocycline may increase the central nervous system depressant (CNS depressant) activities of Eszopiclone.
Pramipexole Eszopiclone may increase the sedative activities of Pramipexole.
Ropinirole Eszopiclone may increase the sedative activities of Ropinirole.
Suvorexant Eszopiclone may increase the central nervous system depressant (CNS depressant) activities of Suvorexant.
Tapentadol Tapentadol may increase the central nervous system depressant (CNS depressant) activities of Eszopiclone.
Thalidomide Eszopiclone may increase the central nervous system depressant (CNS depressant) activities of Thalidomide.
Zolpidem Eszopiclone may increase the central nervous system depressant (CNS depressant) activities of Zolpidem.
Abiraterone The metabolism of Eszopiclone can be decreased when combined with Abiraterone.
Aldesleukin The metabolism of Eszopiclone can be decreased when combined with Aldesleukin.
Octreotide The metabolism of Eszopiclone can be decreased when combined with Octreotide.
Fluconazole The metabolism of Eszopiclone can be decreased when combined with Fluconazole.
Erythromycin The serum concentration of Eszopiclone can be increased when it is combined with Erythromycin.
Diethylstilbestrol The metabolism of Eszopiclone can be decreased when combined with Diethylstilbestrol.
Isradipine The metabolism of Eszopiclone can be decreased when combined with Isradipine.
Diltiazem The metabolism of Eszopiclone can be decreased when combined with Diltiazem.
Methylergometrine The metabolism of Eszopiclone can be decreased when combined with Methylergometrine.
Mefloquine The metabolism of Eszopiclone can be decreased when combined with Mefloquine.
Sorafenib The metabolism of Eszopiclone can be decreased when combined with Sorafenib.
Nitric Oxide The metabolism of Eszopiclone can be decreased when combined with Nitric Oxide.
Teniposide The metabolism of Eszopiclone can be decreased when combined with Teniposide.
Chloramphenicol The metabolism of Eszopiclone can be decreased when combined with Chloramphenicol.
Raloxifene The metabolism of Eszopiclone can be decreased when combined with Raloxifene.
Cimetidine The metabolism of Eszopiclone can be decreased when combined with Cimetidine.
Erlotinib The metabolism of Eszopiclone can be decreased when combined with Erlotinib.
Ciprofloxacin The metabolism of Eszopiclone can be decreased when combined with Ciprofloxacin.
Zafirlukast The metabolism of Eszopiclone can be decreased when combined with Zafirlukast.
Imatinib The metabolism of Eszopiclone can be decreased when combined with Imatinib.
Nicardipine The metabolism of Eszopiclone can be decreased when combined with Nicardipine.
Astemizole The metabolism of Eszopiclone can be decreased when combined with Astemizole.
Verapamil The metabolism of Eszopiclone can be decreased when combined with Verapamil.
Epinephrine The metabolism of Eszopiclone can be decreased when combined with Epinephrine.
Aprepitant The metabolism of Eszopiclone can be decreased when combined with Aprepitant.
Daunorubicin The metabolism of Eszopiclone can be decreased when combined with Daunorubicin.
Tetracycline The metabolism of Eszopiclone can be decreased when combined with Tetracycline.
Roxithromycin The metabolism of Eszopiclone can be decreased when combined with Roxithromycin.
Clofazimine The metabolism of Eszopiclone can be decreased when combined with Clofazimine.
Tacrolimus The metabolism of Eszopiclone can be decreased when combined with Tacrolimus.
Metronidazole The metabolism of Eszopiclone can be decreased when combined with Metronidazole.
Isoniazid The metabolism of Eszopiclone can be decreased when combined with Isoniazid.
Dirithromycin The metabolism of Eszopiclone can be decreased when combined with Dirithromycin.
Doxorubicin The metabolism of Eszopiclone can be decreased when combined with Doxorubicin.
Sulfamethoxazole The metabolism of Eszopiclone can be decreased when combined with Sulfamethoxazole.
Glyburide The metabolism of Eszopiclone can be decreased when combined with Glyburide.
Irbesartan The metabolism of Eszopiclone can be decreased when combined with Irbesartan.
Norfloxacin The metabolism of Eszopiclone can be decreased when combined with Norfloxacin.
Oxybutynin The metabolism of Eszopiclone can be decreased when combined with Oxybutynin.
Mequitazine The metabolism of Eszopiclone can be decreased when combined with Mequitazine.
Primaquine The metabolism of Eszopiclone can be decreased when combined with Primaquine.
Dimethyl sulfoxide The metabolism of Eszopiclone can be decreased when combined with Dimethyl sulfoxide.
Miconazole The metabolism of Eszopiclone can be decreased when combined with Miconazole.
Bicalutamide The metabolism of Eszopiclone can be decreased when combined with Bicalutamide.
Rabeprazole The metabolism of Eszopiclone can be decreased when combined with Rabeprazole.
Candicidin The metabolism of Eszopiclone can be decreased when combined with Candicidin.
Docetaxel The metabolism of Eszopiclone can be decreased when combined with Docetaxel.
Dasatinib The metabolism of Eszopiclone can be decreased when combined with Dasatinib.
Lapatinib The metabolism of Eszopiclone can be decreased when combined with Lapatinib.
Sunitinib The metabolism of Eszopiclone can be decreased when combined with Sunitinib.
Hydralazine The metabolism of Eszopiclone can be decreased when combined with Hydralazine.
Quinupristin The metabolism of Eszopiclone can be decreased when combined with Quinupristin.
Mibefradil The metabolism of Eszopiclone can be decreased when combined with Mibefradil.
Etoricoxib The metabolism of Eszopiclone can be decreased when combined with Etoricoxib.
Topiroxostat The metabolism of Eszopiclone can be decreased when combined with Topiroxostat.
Rutin The metabolism of Eszopiclone can be decreased when combined with Rutin.
Dalfopristin The metabolism of Eszopiclone can be decreased when combined with Dalfopristin.
Epothilone D The metabolism of Eszopiclone can be decreased when combined with Epothilone D.
Fusidic acid The metabolism of Eszopiclone can be decreased when combined with Fusidic acid.
Patupilone The metabolism of Eszopiclone can be decreased when combined with Patupilone.
6-Deoxyerythronolide B The metabolism of Eszopiclone can be decreased when combined with 6-Deoxyerythronolide B.
Cyproterone acetate The metabolism of Eszopiclone can be decreased when combined with Cyproterone acetate.
Dronedarone The metabolism of Eszopiclone can be decreased when combined with Dronedarone.
Vapreotide The metabolism of Eszopiclone can be decreased when combined with Vapreotide.
SN-38 The metabolism of Eszopiclone can be decreased when combined with 7-ethyl-10-hydroxycamptothecin.
GPI-1485 The metabolism of Eszopiclone can be decreased when combined with GPI-1485.
KOS-1584 The metabolism of Eszopiclone can be decreased when combined with KOS-1584.
Dovitinib The metabolism of Eszopiclone can be decreased when combined with Dovitinib.
Noscapine The metabolism of Eszopiclone can be decreased when combined with Noscapine.
Ridaforolimus The metabolism of Eszopiclone can be decreased when combined with Ridaforolimus.
Sitaxentan The metabolism of Eszopiclone can be decreased when combined with Sitaxentan.
Simeprevir The metabolism of Eszopiclone can be decreased when combined with Simeprevir.
AVE9633 The metabolism of Eszopiclone can be decreased when combined with AVE9633.
Coltuximab ravtansine The metabolism of Eszopiclone can be decreased when combined with Coltuximab ravtansine.
Indisulam The metabolism of Eszopiclone can be decreased when combined with Indisulam.
Oxymetholone The metabolism of Eszopiclone can be decreased when combined with Oxymetholone.
Cethromycin The metabolism of Eszopiclone can be decreased when combined with Cethromycin.
Lestaurtinib The metabolism of Eszopiclone can be decreased when combined with Lestaurtinib.
Mitemcinal The metabolism of Eszopiclone can be decreased when combined with Mitemcinal.
Pazopanib The metabolism of Eszopiclone can be decreased when combined with Pazopanib.
Bosutinib The metabolism of Eszopiclone can be decreased when combined with Bosutinib.
Pasireotide The metabolism of Eszopiclone can be decreased when combined with Pasireotide.
Nilvadipine The metabolism of Eszopiclone can be decreased when combined with Nilvadipine.
Capsaicin The metabolism of Eszopiclone can be decreased when combined with Capsaicin.
Lanreotide The metabolism of Eszopiclone can be decreased when combined with Lanreotide.
Brefeldin A The metabolism of Eszopiclone can be decreased when combined with Brefeldin A.
Ticagrelor The metabolism of Eszopiclone can be decreased when combined with Ticagrelor.

Target Protein

Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-1 GABRA1
Translocator protein TSPO
GABA(A) Receptor GABRA1
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-2 GABRA2
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-3 GABRA3
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-5 GABRA5

Referensi & Sumber

Synthesis reference: Marioara MENDELOVICI, Anita LIBERMAN, Alex MAINFELD, Nina FINKELSTEIN, "METHODS FOR PREPARING ESZOPICLONE CRYSTALLINE FORM A, SUBSTANTIALLY PURE ESZOPICLONE AND OPTICALLY ENRICHED ESZOPICLONE." U.S. Patent US20070270590, issued November 22, 2007.
Artikel (PubMed)
  • PMID: 23126273
    Greenblatt DJ, Zammit GK: Pharmacokinetic evaluation of eszopiclone: clinical and therapeutic implications. Expert Opin Drug Metab Toxicol. 2012 Dec;8(12):1609-18. doi: 10.1517/17425255.2012.741588. Epub 2012 Nov 6.
  • PMID: 11274997
    Carlson JN, Haskew R, Wacker J, Maisonneuve IM, Glick SD, Jerussi TP: Sedative and anxiolytic effects of zopiclone's enantiomers and metabolite. Eur J Pharmacol. 2001 Mar;415(2-3):181-9. doi: 10.1016/s0014-2999(01)00851-2.
  • PMID: 16424933
    Brielmaier BD: Eszopiclone (Lunesta): a new nonbenzodiazepine hypnotic agent. Proc (Bayl Univ Med Cent). 2006 Jan;19(1):54-9. doi: 10.1080/08998280.2006.11928127.
  • PMID: 16373464
    Halas CJ: Eszopiclone. Am J Health Syst Pharm. 2006 Jan 1;63(1):41-8. doi: 10.2146/ajhp050357.
  • PMID: 25817320
    Dixon CL, Harrison NL, Lynch JW, Keramidas A: Zolpidem and eszopiclone prime alpha1beta2gamma2 GABAA receptors for longer duration of activity. Br J Pharmacol. 2015 Jul;172(14):3522-36. doi: 10.1111/bph.13142. Epub 2015 May 11.
  • PMID: 19942638
    Nutt DJ, Stahl SM: Searching for perfect sleep: the continuing evolution of GABAA receptor modulators as hypnotics. J Psychopharmacol. 2010 Nov;24(11):1601-12. doi: 10.1177/0269881109106927. Epub 2009 Nov 26.
  • PMID: 18973287
    Hanson SM, Morlock EV, Satyshur KA, Czajkowski C: Structural requirements for eszopiclone and zolpidem binding to the gamma-aminobutyric acid type-A (GABAA) receptor are different. J Med Chem. 2008 Nov 27;51(22):7243-52. doi: 10.1021/jm800889m.
  • PMID: 17499107
    Goetz T, Arslan A, Wisden W, Wulff P: GABA(A) receptors: structure and function in the basal ganglia. Prog Brain Res. 2007;160:21-41. doi: 10.1016/S0079-6123(06)60003-4.
Menampilkan 8 dari 9 artikel.

Contoh Produk & Brand

Produk: 216 • International brands: 16
Produk
  • Eszopiclone
    Tablet, film coated • 2 mg/1 • Oral • US • Generic • Approved
  • Eszopiclone
    Tablet, film coated • 3 mg/1 • Oral • US • Generic • Approved
  • Eszopiclone
    Tablet, film coated • 1 mg/1 • Oral • US • Generic • Approved
  • Eszopiclone
    Tablet, film coated • 1 mg/1 • Oral • US • Generic • Approved
  • Eszopiclone
    Tablet, film coated • 2 mg/1 • Oral • US • Generic • Approved
  • Eszopiclone
    Tablet, film coated • 3 mg/1 • Oral • US • Generic • Approved
  • Eszopiclone
    Tablet, film coated • 2 mg/1 • Oral • US • Generic • Approved
  • Eszopiclone
    Tablet, film coated • 1 mg/1 • Oral • US • Generic • Approved
Menampilkan 8 dari 216 produk.
International Brands
  • Dorplen — LKM
  • Esleep — Opsonin
  • Eszop — Silesia
  • Fulnite — Sun
  • Inductal — Roemmers
  • Isoklon — Tecnoquimicas
  • Nirvan — Saval
  • Noptic — Andromaco
  • Plessir — Medipharm
  • Sanilent — Sanitas

Sekuens Gen/Protein (FASTA)

Sekuens dimuat saat dibutuhkan agar halaman tetap ringan.
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