Peringatan Keamanan

Side effects include liver injury, arthralgias, anorexia, nausea and vomiting, dysuria,malaise and fever, sideroblastic anemia, adverse effects on the blood clotting mechanism or vascular integrity, and hypersensitivity reactions such as urticaria, pruritis and skin rashes.

Pyrazinamide

DB00339

small molecule approved investigational

Deskripsi

A pyrazine that is used therapeutically as an antitubercular agent.

Struktur Molekul 2D

Berat 123.1127
Wujud solid

Peta Jejaring Molekuler
Legenda: ObatTargetGenEnzim(Panah → menunjukkan arah efek / relasi)TransporterCarrier

Profil Farmakokinetik

Waktu Paruh (Half-Life) 9-10 hours (normal conditions)
Volume Distribusi -
Klirens (Clearance) -

Absorpsi

Rapidly and well absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract.

Metabolisme

Hepatic.

Rute Eliminasi

Approximately 70% of an oral dose is excreted in the urine, mainly by glomerular filtration within 24 hours

Interaksi Makanan

1 Data
  • 1. Take with or without food. The absorption is unaffected by food.

Interaksi Obat

779 Data
Cyclosporine The serum concentration of Cyclosporine can be decreased when it is combined with Pyrazinamide.
Picosulfuric acid The therapeutic efficacy of Picosulfuric acid can be decreased when used in combination with Pyrazinamide.
BCG vaccine The therapeutic efficacy of BCG vaccine can be decreased when used in combination with Pyrazinamide.
Typhoid vaccine The therapeutic efficacy of Typhoid vaccine can be decreased when used in combination with Pyrazinamide.
Icosapent Icosapent may decrease the excretion rate of Pyrazinamide which could result in a higher serum level.
Cefotiam Cefotiam may decrease the excretion rate of Pyrazinamide which could result in a higher serum level.
Mesalazine Mesalazine may decrease the excretion rate of Pyrazinamide which could result in a higher serum level.
Cefmenoxime Cefmenoxime may decrease the excretion rate of Pyrazinamide which could result in a higher serum level.
Cefmetazole Cefmetazole may decrease the excretion rate of Pyrazinamide which could result in a higher serum level.
Pamidronic acid Pamidronic acid may decrease the excretion rate of Pyrazinamide which could result in a higher serum level.
Tenofovir disoproxil Tenofovir disoproxil may decrease the excretion rate of Pyrazinamide which could result in a higher serum level.
Indomethacin Indomethacin may decrease the excretion rate of Pyrazinamide which could result in a higher serum level.
Cidofovir Cidofovir may decrease the excretion rate of Pyrazinamide which could result in a higher serum level.
Cefpiramide Cefpiramide may decrease the excretion rate of Pyrazinamide which could result in a higher serum level.
Ceftazidime Ceftazidime may decrease the excretion rate of Pyrazinamide which could result in a higher serum level.
Loracarbef Loracarbef may decrease the excretion rate of Pyrazinamide which could result in a higher serum level.
Cefalotin Cefalotin may decrease the excretion rate of Pyrazinamide which could result in a higher serum level.
Nabumetone Nabumetone may decrease the excretion rate of Pyrazinamide which could result in a higher serum level.
Ketorolac Ketorolac may decrease the excretion rate of Pyrazinamide which could result in a higher serum level.
Tenoxicam Tenoxicam may decrease the excretion rate of Pyrazinamide which could result in a higher serum level.
Celecoxib Celecoxib may decrease the excretion rate of Pyrazinamide which could result in a higher serum level.
Cefotaxime Cefotaxime may decrease the excretion rate of Pyrazinamide which could result in a higher serum level.
Tolmetin Tolmetin may decrease the excretion rate of Pyrazinamide which could result in a higher serum level.
Foscarnet Foscarnet may decrease the excretion rate of Pyrazinamide which could result in a higher serum level.
Rofecoxib Rofecoxib may decrease the excretion rate of Pyrazinamide which could result in a higher serum level.
Piroxicam Piroxicam may decrease the excretion rate of Pyrazinamide which could result in a higher serum level.
Methotrexate Methotrexate may decrease the excretion rate of Pyrazinamide which could result in a higher serum level.
Cephalexin Cephalexin may decrease the excretion rate of Pyrazinamide which could result in a higher serum level.
Fenoprofen Fenoprofen may decrease the excretion rate of Pyrazinamide which could result in a higher serum level.
Valaciclovir Valaciclovir may decrease the excretion rate of Pyrazinamide which could result in a higher serum level.
Valdecoxib Valdecoxib may decrease the excretion rate of Pyrazinamide which could result in a higher serum level.
Diclofenac Diclofenac may decrease the excretion rate of Pyrazinamide which could result in a higher serum level.
Sulindac Sulindac may decrease the excretion rate of Pyrazinamide which could result in a higher serum level.
Bacitracin Bacitracin may decrease the excretion rate of Pyrazinamide which could result in a higher serum level.
Amphotericin B Amphotericin B may decrease the excretion rate of Pyrazinamide which could result in a higher serum level.
Cephaloglycin Cephaloglycin may decrease the excretion rate of Pyrazinamide which could result in a higher serum level.
Flurbiprofen Flurbiprofen may decrease the excretion rate of Pyrazinamide which could result in a higher serum level.
Adefovir dipivoxil Adefovir dipivoxil may decrease the excretion rate of Pyrazinamide which could result in a higher serum level.
Pentamidine Pentamidine may decrease the excretion rate of Pyrazinamide which could result in a higher serum level.
Etodolac Etodolac may decrease the excretion rate of Pyrazinamide which could result in a higher serum level.
Mefenamic acid Mefenamic acid may decrease the excretion rate of Pyrazinamide which could result in a higher serum level.
Acyclovir Acyclovir may decrease the excretion rate of Pyrazinamide which could result in a higher serum level.
Naproxen Naproxen may decrease the excretion rate of Pyrazinamide which could result in a higher serum level.
Sulfasalazine Sulfasalazine may decrease the excretion rate of Pyrazinamide which could result in a higher serum level.
Phenylbutazone Phenylbutazone may decrease the excretion rate of Pyrazinamide which could result in a higher serum level.
Meloxicam The risk or severity of methemoglobinemia can be increased when Pyrazinamide is combined with Meloxicam.
Carprofen Carprofen may decrease the excretion rate of Pyrazinamide which could result in a higher serum level.
Cefaclor Cefaclor may decrease the excretion rate of Pyrazinamide which could result in a higher serum level.
Diflunisal Diflunisal may decrease the excretion rate of Pyrazinamide which could result in a higher serum level.
Ceforanide Ceforanide may decrease the excretion rate of Pyrazinamide which could result in a higher serum level.
Salicylic acid Salicylic acid may decrease the excretion rate of Pyrazinamide which could result in a higher serum level.
Meclofenamic acid Meclofenamic acid may decrease the excretion rate of Pyrazinamide which could result in a higher serum level.
Acetylsalicylic acid Acetylsalicylic acid may decrease the excretion rate of Pyrazinamide which could result in a higher serum level.
Carboplatin Carboplatin may decrease the excretion rate of Pyrazinamide which could result in a higher serum level.
Oxaprozin Oxaprozin may decrease the excretion rate of Pyrazinamide which could result in a higher serum level.
Ketoprofen Ketoprofen may decrease the excretion rate of Pyrazinamide which could result in a higher serum level.
Balsalazide Balsalazide may decrease the excretion rate of Pyrazinamide which could result in a higher serum level.
Ibuprofen Ibuprofen may decrease the excretion rate of Pyrazinamide which could result in a higher serum level.
Cefditoren Cefditoren may decrease the excretion rate of Pyrazinamide which could result in a higher serum level.
Colistimethate Colistimethate may decrease the excretion rate of Pyrazinamide which could result in a higher serum level.
Cefuroxime Cefuroxime may decrease the excretion rate of Pyrazinamide which could result in a higher serum level.
Cefapirin Cefapirin may decrease the excretion rate of Pyrazinamide which could result in a higher serum level.
Cefadroxil Cefadroxil may decrease the excretion rate of Pyrazinamide which could result in a higher serum level.
Cefprozil Cefprozil may decrease the excretion rate of Pyrazinamide which could result in a higher serum level.
Ceftriaxone Ceftriaxone may decrease the excretion rate of Pyrazinamide which could result in a higher serum level.
Olsalazine Olsalazine may decrease the excretion rate of Pyrazinamide which could result in a higher serum level.
Lumiracoxib Lumiracoxib may decrease the excretion rate of Pyrazinamide which could result in a higher serum level.
Cefamandole Cefamandole may decrease the excretion rate of Pyrazinamide which could result in a higher serum level.
Cefazolin Cefazolin may decrease the excretion rate of Pyrazinamide which could result in a higher serum level.
Cefonicid Cefonicid may decrease the excretion rate of Pyrazinamide which could result in a higher serum level.
Cefoperazone Cefoperazone may decrease the excretion rate of Pyrazinamide which could result in a higher serum level.
Cefotetan Cefotetan may decrease the excretion rate of Pyrazinamide which could result in a higher serum level.
Cefoxitin Cefoxitin may decrease the excretion rate of Pyrazinamide which could result in a higher serum level.
Ceftizoxime Ceftizoxime may decrease the excretion rate of Pyrazinamide which could result in a higher serum level.
Cefradine Cefradine may decrease the excretion rate of Pyrazinamide which could result in a higher serum level.
Magnesium salicylate Magnesium salicylate may decrease the excretion rate of Pyrazinamide which could result in a higher serum level.
Salsalate Salsalate may decrease the excretion rate of Pyrazinamide which could result in a higher serum level.
Choline magnesium trisalicylate Choline magnesium trisalicylate may decrease the excretion rate of Pyrazinamide which could result in a higher serum level.
Cefepime Cefepime may decrease the excretion rate of Pyrazinamide which could result in a higher serum level.
Cefacetrile Cefacetrile may decrease the excretion rate of Pyrazinamide which could result in a higher serum level.
Ceftibuten Ceftibuten may decrease the excretion rate of Pyrazinamide which could result in a higher serum level.
Cefpodoxime Cefpodoxime may decrease the excretion rate of Pyrazinamide which could result in a higher serum level.
Antrafenine Antrafenine may decrease the excretion rate of Pyrazinamide which could result in a higher serum level.
Aminophenazone Aminophenazone may decrease the excretion rate of Pyrazinamide which could result in a higher serum level.
Antipyrine Antipyrine may decrease the excretion rate of Pyrazinamide which could result in a higher serum level.
Tiaprofenic acid Tiaprofenic acid may decrease the excretion rate of Pyrazinamide which could result in a higher serum level.
Etoricoxib Etoricoxib may decrease the excretion rate of Pyrazinamide which could result in a higher serum level.
Hydrolyzed Cephalothin Hydrolyzed Cephalothin may decrease the excretion rate of Pyrazinamide which could result in a higher serum level.
Cephalothin Group Cephalothin Group may decrease the excretion rate of Pyrazinamide which could result in a higher serum level.
Oxyphenbutazone Oxyphenbutazone may decrease the excretion rate of Pyrazinamide which could result in a higher serum level.
Latamoxef Latamoxef may decrease the excretion rate of Pyrazinamide which could result in a higher serum level.
Nimesulide Nimesulide may decrease the excretion rate of Pyrazinamide which could result in a higher serum level.
Benoxaprofen Benoxaprofen may decrease the excretion rate of Pyrazinamide which could result in a higher serum level.
Metamizole Metamizole may decrease the excretion rate of Pyrazinamide which could result in a higher serum level.
Zomepirac Zomepirac may decrease the excretion rate of Pyrazinamide which could result in a higher serum level.
Ceftobiprole Ceftobiprole may decrease the excretion rate of Pyrazinamide which could result in a higher serum level.
Cimicoxib Cimicoxib may decrease the excretion rate of Pyrazinamide which could result in a higher serum level.
Ceftaroline fosamil Ceftaroline fosamil may decrease the excretion rate of Pyrazinamide which could result in a higher serum level.
Lornoxicam Lornoxicam may decrease the excretion rate of Pyrazinamide which could result in a higher serum level.
Aceclofenac Aceclofenac may decrease the excretion rate of Pyrazinamide which could result in a higher serum level.

Target Protein

Probable fatty acid synthase Fas (Fatty acid synthetase) fas
Enoyl-[acyl-carrier-protein] reductase [NADH] inhA

Referensi & Sumber

Artikel (PubMed)
  • PMID: 6109855
    Authors unspecified: Controlled trial of four thrice-weekly regimens and a daily regimen all given for 6 months for pulmonary tuberculosis. Lancet. 1981 Jan 24;1(8213):171-4.
  • PMID: 6356538
    Authors unspecified: Controlled clinical trial of 4 short-couse regimens of chemotherapy (three 6-month and one 8-month) for pulmonary tuberculosis. Tubercle. 1983 Sep;64(3):153-66.
  • PMID: 6386028
    Authors unspecified: A controlled trial of 6 months' chemotherapy in pulmonary tuberculosis. Final report: results during the 36 months after the end of chemotherapy and beyond. British Thoracic Society. Br J Dis Chest. 1984 Oct;78(4):330-6.
  • PMID: 12569078
    Yee D, Valiquette C, Pelletier M, Parisien I, Rocher I, Menzies D: Incidence of serious side effects from first-line antituberculosis drugs among patients treated for active tuberculosis. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2003 Jun 1;167(11):1472-7. Epub 2003 Jan 31.
  • PMID: 11914348
    Boshoff HI, Mizrahi V, Barry CE 3rd: Effects of pyrazinamide on fatty acid synthesis by whole mycobacterial cells and purified fatty acid synthase I. J Bacteriol. 2002 Apr;184(8):2167-72.
  • PMID: 17101678
    Zimhony O, Vilcheze C, Arai M, Welch JT, Jacobs WR Jr: Pyrazinoic acid and its n-propyl ester inhibit fatty acid synthase type I in replicating tubercle bacilli. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2007 Feb;51(2):752-4. Epub 2006 Nov 13.
  • PMID: 17485499
    Ngo SC, Zimhony O, Chung WJ, Sayahi H, Jacobs WR Jr, Welch JT: Inhibition of isolated Mycobacterium tuberculosis fatty acid synthase I by pyrazinamide analogs. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2007 Jul;51(7):2430-5. Epub 2007 May 7.
  • PMID: 21835980
    Shi W, Zhang X, Jiang X, Yuan H, Lee JS, Barry CE 3rd, Wang H, Zhang W, Zhang Y: Pyrazinamide inhibits trans-translation in Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Science. 2011 Sep 16;333(6049):1630-2. doi: 10.1126/science.1208813. Epub 2011 Aug 11.

Contoh Produk & Brand

Produk: 32 • International brands: 6
Produk
  • Pdp-pyrazinamide
    Tablet • 500 mg • Oral • Canada • Generic • Approved
  • PMS-pyrazinamide
    Tablet • 500 mg • Oral • Canada • Generic • Approved
  • Pyrazinamide
    Tablet • 500 mg/1 • Oral • US • Generic • Approved
  • Pyrazinamide
    Tablet • 500 mg/1 • Oral • US • Generic • Approved
  • Pyrazinamide
    Tablet • 500 mg/1 • Oral • US • Generic • Approved
  • Pyrazinamide
    Tablet • 500 mg/1 • Oral • US • Generic • Approved
  • Pyrazinamide
    Tablet • 500 mg/1 • Oral • US • Generic • Approved
  • Pyrazinamide
    Tablet • 500 mg/1 • Oral • US • Generic • Approved
Menampilkan 8 dari 32 produk.
International Brands
  • Piraldina — Bracco
  • Prazina — Armoxindo
  • Pyrafat — Riemser
  • Pyrazide — Sanofi-Aventis
  • Tebrazid — Valeant
  • Tisamid — Orion

Sekuens Gen/Protein (FASTA)

Sekuens dimuat saat dibutuhkan agar halaman tetap ringan.
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