Gramcidin D is a heterogeneous mixture of three antibiotic compounds, gramicidins A, B and C, making up 80%, 6%, and 14% respectively all of which are obtained from the soil bacterial species Bacillus brevis and called collectively gramicidin D. Gramcidins are 15 residue peptides with alternating D and L amino acids, which assemble inside of the hydrophobic interior of the cellular lipid bilayer to form a ?-helix. Active against most Gram-positive bacteria and some Gram-negative organisms, Gramicidin D is used primarily as a topical antibiotic and is also found in Polysporin ophthalmic solution.
Fitur visualisasi ini dikembangkan menggunakan pendekatan Graph Theory untuk memetakan hubungan polifarmasi dan molekuler. Entitas (Obat, Target, Gen) direpresentasikan sebagai Simpul (Nodes), sedangkan hubungan biologisnya sebagai Sisi (Edges).
drugbank-id dan name pada skema XML DrugBank.targets/target yang memuat polipeptida sasaran.gene-name dan varian snp-effects.Tata letak grafik menggunakan algoritma Force-Directed Graph (Barnes-Hut). Model fisika ini menerapkan gaya tolak-menolak antar simpul (Gravitasi: -3000) agar tidak tumpang tindih, serta gaya pegas (Spring: 0.04) pada garis penghubung untuk fleksibilitas interaksi.
| BCG vaccine | The therapeutic efficacy of BCG vaccine can be decreased when used in combination with Gramicidin D. |
| Dicoumarol | The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Gramicidin D is combined with Dicoumarol. |
| Phenindione | The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Gramicidin D is combined with Phenindione. |
| Warfarin | The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Gramicidin D is combined with Warfarin. |
| Phenprocoumon | The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Gramicidin D is combined with Phenprocoumon. |
| Acenocoumarol | The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Gramicidin D is combined with Acenocoumarol. |
| 4-hydroxycoumarin | The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Gramicidin D is combined with 4-hydroxycoumarin. |
| Coumarin | The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Gramicidin D is combined with Coumarin. |
| (R)-warfarin | The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Gramicidin D is combined with (R)-warfarin. |
| Ethyl biscoumacetate | The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Gramicidin D is combined with Ethyl biscoumacetate. |
| Fluindione | The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Gramicidin D is combined with Fluindione. |
| Clorindione | The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Gramicidin D is combined with Clorindione. |
| Diphenadione | The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Gramicidin D is combined with Diphenadione. |
| Tioclomarol | The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Gramicidin D is combined with Tioclomarol. |
| (S)-Warfarin | The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Gramicidin D is combined with (S)-Warfarin. |
| Vibrio cholerae CVD 103-HgR strain live antigen | The therapeutic efficacy of Vibrio cholerae CVD 103-HgR strain live antigen can be decreased when used in combination with Gramicidin D. |
| Estetrol | The therapeutic efficacy of Estetrol can be decreased when used in combination with Gramicidin D. |
| Lidocaine | The risk or severity of methemoglobinemia can be increased when Gramicidin D is combined with Lidocaine. |
| Ropivacaine | The risk or severity of methemoglobinemia can be increased when Gramicidin D is combined with Ropivacaine. |
| Bupivacaine | The risk or severity of methemoglobinemia can be increased when Gramicidin D is combined with Bupivacaine. |
| Cinchocaine | The risk or severity of methemoglobinemia can be increased when Gramicidin D is combined with Cinchocaine. |
| Dyclonine | The risk or severity of methemoglobinemia can be increased when Gramicidin D is combined with Dyclonine. |
| Procaine | The risk or severity of methemoglobinemia can be increased when Gramicidin D is combined with Procaine. |
| Prilocaine | The risk or severity of methemoglobinemia can be increased when Gramicidin D is combined with Prilocaine. |
| Proparacaine | The risk or severity of methemoglobinemia can be increased when Gramicidin D is combined with Proparacaine. |
| Meloxicam | The risk or severity of methemoglobinemia can be increased when Gramicidin D is combined with Meloxicam. |
| Oxybuprocaine | The risk or severity of methemoglobinemia can be increased when Gramicidin D is combined with Oxybuprocaine. |
| Cocaine | The risk or severity of methemoglobinemia can be increased when Gramicidin D is combined with Cocaine. |
| Mepivacaine | The risk or severity of methemoglobinemia can be increased when Gramicidin D is combined with Mepivacaine. |
| Levobupivacaine | The risk or severity of methemoglobinemia can be increased when Gramicidin D is combined with Levobupivacaine. |
| Diphenhydramine | The risk or severity of methemoglobinemia can be increased when Gramicidin D is combined with Diphenhydramine. |
| Benzocaine | The risk or severity of methemoglobinemia can be increased when Gramicidin D is combined with Benzocaine. |
| Chloroprocaine | The risk or severity of methemoglobinemia can be increased when Gramicidin D is combined with Chloroprocaine. |
| Phenol | The risk or severity of methemoglobinemia can be increased when Gramicidin D is combined with Phenol. |
| Tetrodotoxin | The risk or severity of methemoglobinemia can be increased when Gramicidin D is combined with Tetrodotoxin. |
| Benzyl alcohol | The risk or severity of methemoglobinemia can be increased when Gramicidin D is combined with Benzyl alcohol. |
| Capsaicin | The risk or severity of methemoglobinemia can be increased when Gramicidin D is combined with Capsaicin. |
| Etidocaine | The risk or severity of methemoglobinemia can be increased when Gramicidin D is combined with Etidocaine. |
| Articaine | The risk or severity of methemoglobinemia can be increased when Gramicidin D is combined with Articaine. |
| Tetracaine | The risk or severity of methemoglobinemia can be increased when Gramicidin D is combined with Tetracaine. |
| Propoxycaine | The risk or severity of methemoglobinemia can be increased when Gramicidin D is combined with Propoxycaine. |
| Pramocaine | The risk or severity of methemoglobinemia can be increased when Gramicidin D is combined with Pramocaine. |
| Butamben | The risk or severity of methemoglobinemia can be increased when Gramicidin D is combined with Butamben. |
| Butacaine | The risk or severity of methemoglobinemia can be increased when Gramicidin D is combined with Butacaine. |
| Oxetacaine | The risk or severity of methemoglobinemia can be increased when Gramicidin D is combined with Oxetacaine. |
| Ethyl chloride | The risk or severity of methemoglobinemia can be increased when Gramicidin D is combined with Ethyl chloride. |
| Butanilicaine | The risk or severity of methemoglobinemia can be increased when Gramicidin D is combined with Butanilicaine. |
| Metabutethamine | The risk or severity of methemoglobinemia can be increased when Gramicidin D is combined with Metabutethamine. |
| Quinisocaine | The risk or severity of methemoglobinemia can be increased when Gramicidin D is combined with Quinisocaine. |
| Cisatracurium | Gramicidin D may increase the neuromuscular blocking activities of Cisatracurium. |
| Ambroxol | The risk or severity of methemoglobinemia can be increased when Gramicidin D is combined with Ambroxol. |
| Fecal microbiota | The therapeutic efficacy of Fecal microbiota can be decreased when used in combination with Gramicidin D. |
| Picosulfuric acid | The therapeutic efficacy of Picosulfuric acid can be decreased when used in combination with Gramicidin D. |
| Typhoid vaccine | The therapeutic efficacy of Typhoid vaccine can be decreased when used in combination with Gramicidin D. |
| Lactulose | The therapeutic efficacy of Lactulose can be decreased when used in combination with Gramicidin D. |