Peginterferon alfa-2b may manifest neuropsychiatric complications include suicide, suicidal ideation, homicidal ideation, depression, relapse of drug addiction, and drug overdose FDA Label. Hypertension, supraventricular arrhythmias, chest pain, and myocardial infarction have been observed in patients using Peginterferon alfa-2b. Peginterferon alfa-2b may produce myelosuppression as well as the development or aggravation of autoimmune disorders including myositis, hepatitis, thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura, idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura, psoriasis, rheumatoid arthritis, interstitial nephritis, thyroiditis, and systemic lupus erythematosus. Peginterferon alfa-2b causes or aggravates hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism. Hyperglycemia, hypoglycemia, and diabetes mellitus have been observed to develop in patients treated with Peginterferon alfa-2b. Peginterferon alfa-2b may decrease or produce loss of vision, retinopathy including macular edema, retinal artery or vein thrombosis, retinal hemorrhages and cotton wool spots, optic neuritis, papilledema and serous retinal detachment. Peginterferon mayy be related to increased ischemic and hemorrhagic cerebrovascular events. Patients with cirrhosis on Peginterferon alfa-2b are at risk of hepatic decompensation. Dyspnea, pulmonary infiltrates, pneumonia, bronchiolitis obliterans, interstitial pneumonitis, pulmonary hypertension and sarcoidosis may be induced or aggravated by Peginterferon alfa-2b. Serious and severe infections (bacterial, viral, or fungal) have been reported during treatment with Peginterferon alfa-2b. Ulcerative and hemorrhagic/ischemic colitis have been observed within 12 weeks of starting Peginterferon alfa-2b treatment. Pancreatitis and peripheral nephropathy have also been reported. Peginterferon alfa-2b is associated with growth inhibition in pediatric patients. Use of Peginterferon alfa-2b while pregant may result in delopmental abnormalities or death of the fetus.
Peginterferon alfa-2b is a form of recombinant interferon used as part of combination therapy to treat chronic Hepatitis C, an infectious liver disease caused by infection with Hepatitis C Virus (HCV). HCV is a single-stranded RNA virus that is categorized into nine distinct genotypes, with genotype 1 being the most common in the United States, and affecting 72% of all chronic HCV patients L852. Treatment options for chronic Hepatitis C have advanced significantly since 2011, with the development of Direct Acting Antivirals (DAAs) resulting in less use of Peginterferon alfa-2b. Peginterferon alfa-2b is derived from the alfa-2b moeity of recombinant human interferon and acts by binding to human type 1 interferon receptors. Activation and dimerization of this receptor induces the body's innate antiviral response by activating the janus kinase/signal transducer and activator of transcription (JAK/STAT) pathway. Use of Peginterferon alfa-2b is associated with a wide range of severe adverse effects including the aggravation and development of endocrine and autoimmune disorders, retinopathies, cardiovascular and neuropsychiatric complications, and increased risk of hepatic decompensation in patients with cirrhosis. The use of Peginterferon alfa-2b has largely declined since newer interferon-free antiviral therapies have been developed.
In a joint recommendation published in 2016, the American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases (AASLD) and the Infectious Diseases Society of America (IDSA) no longer recommend Peginterferon alfa-2b for the treatment of Hepatitis C A19593. Peginterferon alfa-2b was used alongside DB00811 with the intent to cure, or achieve a sustained virologic response (SVR), after 48 weeks of therapy. SVR and eradication of HCV infection is associated with significant long-term health benefits including reduced liver-related damage, improved quality of life, reduced incidence of Hepatocellular Carcinoma, and reduced all-cause mortality A19626.
Peginterferon alfa-2b is available as a variable dose injectable product (tradename Pegintron) used for the treatment of chronic Hepatitis C. Approved in 2001 by the FDA, Pegintron is indicated for the treatment of HCV with Ribavirin or other antiviral drugs FDA Label. When combined together, Peginterferon alfa-2b and Ribavirin have been shown to achieve a SVR between 41% for genotype 1 and 75% for genotypes 2-6 after 48 weeks of treatment.
Fitur visualisasi ini dikembangkan menggunakan pendekatan Graph Theory untuk memetakan hubungan polifarmasi dan molekuler. Entitas (Obat, Target, Gen) direpresentasikan sebagai Simpul (Nodes), sedangkan hubungan biologisnya sebagai Sisi (Edges).
drugbank-id dan name pada skema XML DrugBank.targets/target yang memuat polipeptida sasaran.gene-name dan varian snp-effects.Tata letak grafik menggunakan algoritma Force-Directed Graph (Barnes-Hut). Model fisika ini menerapkan gaya tolak-menolak antar simpul (Gravitasi: -3000) agar tidak tumpang tindih, serta gaya pegas (Spring: 0.04) pada garis penghubung untuk fleksibilitas interaksi.
Patients with this genotype in IFNL3 have a reduced likelihood of achieving sustained virologic response to peginterferon alfa-2b therapy.
| Denosumab | The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Denosumab is combined with Peginterferon alfa-2b. |
| Etanercept | The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Etanercept is combined with Peginterferon alfa-2b. |
| Peginterferon alfa-2a | The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Peginterferon alfa-2a is combined with Peginterferon alfa-2b. |
| Interferon alfa-n1 | The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Interferon alfa-n1 is combined with Peginterferon alfa-2b. |
| Interferon alfa-n3 | The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Interferon alfa-n3 is combined with Peginterferon alfa-2b. |
| Anakinra | The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Peginterferon alfa-2b is combined with Anakinra. |
| Interferon gamma-1b | The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Peginterferon alfa-2b is combined with Interferon gamma-1b. |
| Interferon alfa-2a | The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Peginterferon alfa-2b is combined with Interferon alfa-2a. |
| Adalimumab | The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Peginterferon alfa-2b is combined with Adalimumab. |
| Gemtuzumab ozogamicin | The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Peginterferon alfa-2b is combined with Gemtuzumab ozogamicin. |
| Pegaspargase | The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Peginterferon alfa-2b is combined with Pegaspargase. |
| Infliximab | The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Peginterferon alfa-2b is combined with Infliximab. |
| Interferon beta-1b | The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Peginterferon alfa-2b is combined with Interferon beta-1b. |
| Interferon alfacon-1 | The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Peginterferon alfa-2b is combined with Interferon alfacon-1. |
| Rituximab | The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Peginterferon alfa-2b is combined with Rituximab. |
| Basiliximab | The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Peginterferon alfa-2b is combined with Basiliximab. |
| Muromonab | The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Peginterferon alfa-2b is combined with Muromonab. |
| Ibritumomab tiuxetan | The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Peginterferon alfa-2b is combined with Ibritumomab tiuxetan. |
| Tositumomab | The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Peginterferon alfa-2b is combined with Tositumomab. |
| Alemtuzumab | The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Peginterferon alfa-2b is combined with Alemtuzumab. |
| Alefacept | The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Peginterferon alfa-2b is combined with Alefacept. |
| Efalizumab | The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Peginterferon alfa-2b is combined with Efalizumab. |
| Antithymocyte immunoglobulin (rabbit) | The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Peginterferon alfa-2b is combined with Antithymocyte immunoglobulin (rabbit). |
| Interferon alfa-2b | The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Peginterferon alfa-2b is combined with Interferon alfa-2b. |
| Daclizumab | The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Peginterferon alfa-2b is combined with Daclizumab. |
| Phenylalanine | The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Peginterferon alfa-2b is combined with Phenylalanine. |
| Flunisolide | The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Peginterferon alfa-2b is combined with Flunisolide. |
| Cladribine | Peginterferon alfa-2b may increase the immunosuppressive activities of Cladribine. |
| Amsacrine | The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Peginterferon alfa-2b is combined with Amsacrine. |
| Bleomycin | The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Peginterferon alfa-2b is combined with Bleomycin. |
| Chlorambucil | The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Peginterferon alfa-2b is combined with Chlorambucil. |
| Raltitrexed | The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Peginterferon alfa-2b is combined with Raltitrexed. |
| Mitomycin | The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Peginterferon alfa-2b is combined with Mitomycin. |
| Bexarotene | The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Peginterferon alfa-2b is combined with Bexarotene. |
| Vindesine | The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Peginterferon alfa-2b is combined with Vindesine. |
| Floxuridine | The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Peginterferon alfa-2b is combined with Floxuridine. |
| Indomethacin | The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Peginterferon alfa-2b is combined with Indomethacin. |
| Tioguanine | The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Peginterferon alfa-2b is combined with Tioguanine. |
| Vinorelbine | The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Peginterferon alfa-2b is combined with Vinorelbine. |
| Dexrazoxane | The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Peginterferon alfa-2b is combined with Dexrazoxane. |
| Beclomethasone dipropionate | The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Peginterferon alfa-2b is combined with Beclomethasone dipropionate. |
| Streptozocin | The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Peginterferon alfa-2b is combined with Streptozocin. |
| Trifluridine | The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Peginterferon alfa-2b is combined with Trifluridine. |
| Gemcitabine | The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Peginterferon alfa-2b is combined with Gemcitabine. |
| Betamethasone | The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Peginterferon alfa-2b is combined with Betamethasone. |
| Teniposide | The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Peginterferon alfa-2b is combined with Teniposide. |
| Epirubicin | The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Peginterferon alfa-2b is combined with Epirubicin. |
| Chloramphenicol | The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Peginterferon alfa-2b is combined with Chloramphenicol. |
| Lenalidomide | The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Peginterferon alfa-2b is combined with Lenalidomide. |
| Altretamine | The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Peginterferon alfa-2b is combined with Altretamine. |
| Cisplatin | The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Peginterferon alfa-2b is combined with Cisplatin. |
| Oxaliplatin | The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Peginterferon alfa-2b is combined with Oxaliplatin. |
| Vincristine | The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Peginterferon alfa-2b is combined with Vincristine. |
| Propylthiouracil | The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Peginterferon alfa-2b is combined with Propylthiouracil. |
| Pentostatin | The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Peginterferon alfa-2b is combined with Pentostatin. |
| Methotrexate | The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Peginterferon alfa-2b is combined with Methotrexate. |
| Vinblastine | The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Peginterferon alfa-2b is combined with Vinblastine. |
| Fluticasone propionate | The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Peginterferon alfa-2b is combined with Fluticasone propionate. |
| Fluocinolone acetonide | The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Peginterferon alfa-2b is combined with Fluocinolone acetonide. |
| Linezolid | The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Peginterferon alfa-2b is combined with Linezolid. |
| Triamcinolone | The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Peginterferon alfa-2b is combined with Triamcinolone. |
| Clofarabine | The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Peginterferon alfa-2b is combined with Clofarabine. |
| Prednisone | The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Peginterferon alfa-2b is combined with Prednisone. |
| Fludrocortisone | The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Peginterferon alfa-2b is combined with Fludrocortisone. |
| Mycophenolate mofetil | The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Peginterferon alfa-2b is combined with Mycophenolate mofetil. |
| Daunorubicin | The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Peginterferon alfa-2b is combined with Daunorubicin. |
| Irinotecan | The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Peginterferon alfa-2b is combined with Irinotecan. |
| Methimazole | The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Peginterferon alfa-2b is combined with Methimazole. |
| Sulfasalazine | The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Peginterferon alfa-2b is combined with Sulfasalazine. |
| Temozolomide | The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Peginterferon alfa-2b is combined with Temozolomide. |
| Penicillamine | The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Peginterferon alfa-2b is combined with Penicillamine. |
| Prednisolone | The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Peginterferon alfa-2b is combined with Prednisolone. |
| Sirolimus | The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Peginterferon alfa-2b is combined with Sirolimus. |
| Mechlorethamine | The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Peginterferon alfa-2b is combined with Mechlorethamine. |
| Azacitidine | The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Peginterferon alfa-2b is combined with Azacitidine. |
| Carboplatin | The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Peginterferon alfa-2b is combined with Carboplatin. |
| Methylprednisolone | The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Peginterferon alfa-2b is combined with Methylprednisolone. |
| Dactinomycin | The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Peginterferon alfa-2b is combined with Dactinomycin. |
| Cytarabine | The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Peginterferon alfa-2b is combined with Cytarabine. |
| Doxorubicin | The serum concentration of Doxorubicin can be increased when it is combined with Peginterferon alfa-2b. |
| Hydroxyurea | The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Peginterferon alfa-2b is combined with Hydroxyurea. |
| Busulfan | The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Peginterferon alfa-2b is combined with Busulfan. |
| Mycophenolic acid | The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Peginterferon alfa-2b is combined with Mycophenolic acid. |
| Topotecan | The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Peginterferon alfa-2b is combined with Topotecan. |
| Mercaptopurine | The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Peginterferon alfa-2b is combined with Mercaptopurine. |
| Thalidomide | The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Peginterferon alfa-2b is combined with Thalidomide. |
| Melphalan | The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Peginterferon alfa-2b is combined with Melphalan. |
| Fludarabine | The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Peginterferon alfa-2b is combined with Fludarabine. |
| Flucytosine | The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Peginterferon alfa-2b is combined with Flucytosine. |
| Trilostane | The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Peginterferon alfa-2b is combined with Trilostane. |
| Procarbazine | The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Peginterferon alfa-2b is combined with Procarbazine. |
| Arsenic trioxide | The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Peginterferon alfa-2b is combined with Arsenic trioxide. |
| Idarubicin | The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Peginterferon alfa-2b is combined with Idarubicin. |
| Ifosfamide | The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Peginterferon alfa-2b is combined with Ifosfamide. |
| Estramustine | The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Peginterferon alfa-2b is combined with Estramustine. |
| Mitoxantrone | The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Peginterferon alfa-2b is combined with Mitoxantrone. |
| Lomustine | The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Peginterferon alfa-2b is combined with Lomustine. |
| Budesonide | The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Peginterferon alfa-2b is combined with Budesonide. |
| Paclitaxel | The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Peginterferon alfa-2b is combined with Paclitaxel. |
| Dexamethasone | The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Peginterferon alfa-2b is combined with Dexamethasone. |