Anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic (auto)antibody (ANCA)-associated vasculitis (AAV) is a rare (estimated incidence of 3 cases per 100,000 per year) form of "pauci-immune" systemic small-vessel vasculitis typified by the presence of ANCAs in the serum.[A240249, A240…

Avadomide is under investigation in clinical trial NCT02031419 (Novel Combinations of CC-122, CC-223, CC-292, and Rituximab in Diffuse Large B-cell Lymphoma and Follicular Lymphoma).

Epcoritamab is an IgG1-bispecific antibody that simultaneously binds to CD3 on T-cells and CD20 on B-cells.[A259736,A258488,A259761,L46516] Epcoritamab promotes the activation and expansion of T-cells and, by being able to bind to both CD20 and CD3, it leads …

Idelalisib is a phosphoinositide 3-kinase inhibitor indicated in the treatment of chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), relapsed follicular B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma (FL), and relapsed small lymphocytic lymphoma (SLL). For the treatment of relapsed CLL, it is…

Inappropriate growth of or self-directed antibody production by B-cells is the etiological underpinning of a variety of conditions, including the multiple sclerosis-like neurological condition neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD).[A214283, A214286] …

ISS 1018 is a short, synthetic, unmethylated CpG oligodeoxynucleotide (CpG ODN) with immunostimulatory activity. ISS 1018 signals through Toll-like receptor 9 (TLR9) to induce the production of immunoglobulin by B cells and interferon (IFN) -alpha, IFN-beta, …

Mosunetuzumab is a humanized anti-CD20/CD3 bispecific antibody.[L42230] It can recognize and bind two different targets simultaneously, CD20 on cancer B-cells and CD3 on T-cells, allowing it to redirect T-cell cytotoxic activity to cancer cells.[A249320] The …

Ocrelizumab is a CD20-directed cytolytic antibody indicated for the treatment of patients with primary progressive or relapsing forms of multiple sclerosis (MS).[L42895] It is a second-generation recombinant humanized monoclonal IgG1 antibody that selectively…

Ofatumumab is a novel anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody that targets B-cells. It is an IgG1? human monoclonal antibody produced from a recombinant murine cell line (NS0) via transgenic mouse and hybridoma technology.[L12612] Ofatumumab works by recognizing antige…

Pinatuzumab vedotin is under investigation in clinical trial NCT01691898 (A Study of Pinatuzumab Vedotin (DCDT2980S) Combined With Rituximab or Polatuzumab Vedotin (DCDS4501A) Combined With Rituximab or Obinutuzumab in Participants With Relapsed or Refractory…

Rituximab is a genetically engineered chimeric murine/human monoclonal antibody directed against the CD20 antigen found on the surface of normal and malignant B lymphocytes. The antibody is an IgG1 kappa immunoglobulin containing murine light and heavy-chain …

Cold agglutinin disease (CAD) is a type of autoimmune hemolytic anemia (AIHA) in which autoantibodies directed against red blood cell surface antigens cause hemolysis at low (3-4°C) temperatures.[A245154,L40114] This cold subtype accounts for approximately 15…

CD20, an antigen expressed by various B and T cells, is an attractive therapeutic target in various cancers and autoimmune conditions.[A244195, A244200, A244205] Monoclonal antibodies for B cell depletion rely on their binding affinity and ability to clear bo…

Marginal zone lymphoma is a rare, slowly progressing type of non-Hodgkin lymphoma initially treated with [rituximab] (an anti-CD20 drug), either alone or in combination with chemotherapy. Unfortunately, many patients experience a relapse or develop resistance…