Daprodustat is a small-molecule hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) prolyl hydroxylase (PHD) inhibitor that was developed by GSK.[A254167,A254162] Patients with CKD cannot induce erythropoietin (EPO) production in response to hypoxia or anemia. As a potent inhibit…

Human erythropoietin with 2 aa substitutions to enhance glycosylation (5 N-linked chains), 165 residues (MW=37 kD). Produced in Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells by recombinant DNA technology.

Efepoetin alfa is under investigation in clinical trial NCT04155125 (A Study of Efepoetin Alfa in Treating Anaemia Associated With Chronic Kidney Diseases Patient).

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Erythropoietin (EPO) is a growth factor produced in the kidneys that stimulates the production of red blood cells. It works by promoting the division and differentiation of committed erythroid progenitors in the bone marrow [FDA Label]. Epoetin alfa (Epoge) w…

Imetelstat is a first-in-class 18-amino acid oligonucleotide that directly and competitively inhibits human telomerase.[A263973] It is used to treat anemia in patients with myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS), a group of hematologic disorders characterized by ine…

Methoxy polyethylene glycol-epoetin beta is a chemically synthesised Erythropoiesis Stimulating Agent (ESA) with a longer half-life than erythropoietin. ESA is used to increase synthesis of red blood cells to treat chronic kidney disease associated anemia.

Peginesatide is a synthetic peptide attached to polyethylene glycol for the treatment of anemia. The polyethylene glycol moiety helps make the drug less immunogenic and prolongs its plasma half-life. Chemically, peginesatide is designed to mimic the pharmacol…

One of the most common symptoms of advanced renal disease is anemia, caused primarily by the inability of the kidney to respond to anemic conditions with a corresponding increase in [erythropoietin] (EPO) production.[A244165] The treatment of anemia associate…