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Halaman 91 / 282Vitamin D, in general, is a secosteroid generated in the skin when 7-dehydrocholesterol located there interacts with ultraviolet irradiation - like that commonly found in sunlight [L5689]. Both the endogenous form of vitamin D (that results from 7-dehydrochol…
Cholecystokinin ( also known as _CCK or CCK-PZ_) is a peptide hormone of the gastrointestinal system which is responsible for stimulating the digestion of fat and protein. Cholecystokinin, previously called _pancreozymin_, is synthesized and secreted by enter…
The principal sterol of all higher animals, distributed in body tissues, especially the brain and spinal cord, and in animal fats and oils.
Component of human seminal plasma & spermatozoa.
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Cholestyramine or colestyramine is a bile acid sequestrant. Bile acid sequestrants are polymeric compounds which serve as ion exchange resins. Cholestyramine resin is quite hydrophilic, but insoluble in water.
A major primary bile acid produced in the liver and usually conjugated with glycine or taurine. It facilitates fat absorption and cholesterol excretion. [PubChem] Cholic acid, formulated as Cholbam capsules, is approved by the United States Food and Drug Adm…
A basic constituent of lecithin that is found in many plants and animal organs. It is important as a precursor of acetylcholine, as a methyl donor in various metabolic processes, and in lipid metabolism.
A component of phosphatidylcholines (lecithins), in which the two hydroxy groups of glycerol are esterified with fatty acids. (From Stedman, 26th ed) It counteracts the effects of urea on enzymes and other macromolecules. [PubChem]
Choline C 11 is a marker for cellular proliferation as its main molecule is a precursor for the biosynthesis of phospholipids which are essential components of all cell membranes.[A32041] It was developed by MCPRF and FDA first approved in September 2012.
Choline magnesium trisalicylate is a non-acetylated salicylate used widely as a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug. Trisalicylate significantly reduces methotrexate renal clearance, displacing methotrexate from protein, increasing the fraction unbound by 28%…
Choline salicylate is an anti-inflammatory pain reliever agent that is related to aspirin. It is used to decrease swelling and to treat mild-moderate pain. It is used to treat arthritis in both children and adults. This medicine can also be used for fever [L2…
Chondroitin sulfate is a glycosaminoglycan considered as a symptomatic slow-acting drug for osteoarthritis (SYSADOA).[A7906] The SYSADOA status suggested a pain relief and increased joint mobility after a relative long regular administration, as well as a lon…
Recombinant human chorionic gonadotropin with 2 subunits, alpha = 92 residues, beta = 145 residues, each with N-and O-linked carbohydrate moieties linked to ASN-52 and ASN-78 (on alpha subunit) and ASN-13, ASN-30, SER-121, SER-127, SER-132 and SER-138 (on bet…
Human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG), a polypeptide hormone produced by the human placenta. Endogenously produced HCG interacts with the LHCG receptor of the ovary and promotes the maintenance of the corpus luteum during the beginning of pregnancy. This allows …
Chromanol has been used in trials studying the treatment of Prostate Cancer.
Chromic chloride, for injection, is a sterile, nonpyrogenic solution intended for use as an additive to solutions for Total Parenteral Nutrition (TPN).
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Chromium is a transition element with the chemical symbol Cr and atomic number 24 that belongs to Group 6 of the periodic table. It is used in various chemical, industrial and manufacturing applications such as wood preservation and metallurgy. The uses of ch…
Chromium Cr-51 is an isotope of chromium that has been used as a radioactive label for decades. It is used as a diagnostic radiopharmaceutical agent in nephrology to determine glomerular filtration rate,[A249765,A249770] and in hematology to determine red blo…
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Chromium picolinate has a chemical formula CrPic3 and reddish-pink color. It is a coordination complex consisting of chromium(III) and picolinic acid. Chromium picolinate is used as a nutritional supplement for optimal insulin function in patients with Type 2…
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CHS-828 has been used in trials studying the treatment of Unspecified Adult Solid Tumor, Protocol Specific.
The ChulaCov19 vaccine is mRNA-based and was developed in Thailand’s Chulalongkorn University in collaboration with the University of Pennsylvania in the US[L30673, L30678]. Pre-clinical studies in mice and monkeys showed evidence that the vaccine facilitates…
Chymopapain was first isolated in 1941 from the crude latex derived from the fruit of Carica papaya by squeezing the green papaya while on the plant prior to harvest.[L2482]It is an extracellular plant cysteine proteinase similar to papain in specificity.[A32…
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Chymotrypsin (EC 3.4.21.1) is a digestive enzyme that promotes proteolysis, or the breakdown of proteins and polypeptides. It is a serine protease synthesized in the pancreas and is a vital component in the pancreatic juice. Like most proteolytic enzymes, chy…
CI-1040 has been used in trials studying the treatment of Lung Cancer, Breast Cancer, Breast Neoplasms, Pancreatic Cancer, and Colorectal Cancer, among others.
An antioxidant flavonoid, occurring especially in woody plants as both (+)-catechin and (-)-epicatechin (cis) forms.
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Cibinetide has been used in trials studying the basic science of Depression.
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Ciclesonide is a glucocorticoid used to treat obstructive airway diseases. It is marketed under the brand name Alvesco.
Cicletanine is under investigation for the treatment of Diabetes, Hypokalemia, Hyponatremia, and Arterial Hypertension.
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Ciclopirox olamine (used in preparations called Batrafen, Loprox, Mycoster, Penlac and Stieprox) is a synthetic antifungal agent for topical dermatologic treatment of superficial mycoses. In particular, the agent is especially effective in treating Tinea vers…
Cidofovir is an injectable antiviral medication employed in the treatment of cytomegalovirus (CMV) retinitis in patients diagnosed with AIDS. It suppresses CMV replication through selective inhibition of viral DNA synthesis.[FDA label] It was manufactured by …
Ciforadenant is under investigation in clinical trial NCT02253745 (Safety, Tolerability, PK & Efficacy of V81444 in Volunteers With Attention Deficit/ Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD)).
CIGB 2020 is a vaccine candidate administered nasally and sublingually, working to strengthen immunity in the areas administered. The vaccine was developed and tested by the Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (CIGB), in Havana Cuba. As of July, …
CIGB-300, is under investigation in clinical trials for its potential to treat various conditions, including NCT01639638 (recurrent and nonrecurrent condyloma) and NCT01639625 (squamous cell carcinoma and adenocarcinoma of the cervix)
CIGB-258 is a peptide that is immunoregulatory and derived from heat shock protein 60 of the cellular variant. As of 2020, The Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (CIGB) in Havana, Cuba, is testing the treatment efficacy of this peptide in patien…
Developed by Takeda Pharmaceuticals in the early 1980s, it is considered the prototypical compound for the thiazolidinedione class. Ciglitazone was never used as a medication, but it sparked interest in the effects of thiazolidinediones. Several analogues …
Cilansetron is a 5HT-3 antagonist made by Solvay Pharmaceuticals that is currently under trial phase in the EU and US.