Bisoprolol is a cardioselective ?1-adrenergic blocking agent used to treat high blood pressure.[A180472,L7219] It is considered a potent drug with a long-half life that can be used once daily to reduce the need for multiple doses of antihypertensive drugs.[A1…

Bithionol, formerly marketed as an active ingredient in various topical drug products, was shown to be a potent photosensitizer with the potential to cause serious skin disorders. Approvals of the NDA's for bithionol drug products were withdrawn on October 24…

Bleomycin A6 (also known as boanmycin) has been used in trials studying the treatment of Squamous Cell Lung Cancer. It was developed in China as an antineoplastic antibiotic. This drug participated in clinical trials for the treatment of Squamous Cell Lung Ca…

BMS-986020 is under investigation in clinical trial NCT02017730 (To Evaluate The Relationship Between Plasma Drug Levels And Receptor Binding in Lung Using PET (Positron Emission Tomography) In Healthy Volunteers).

Boceprevir is a direct acting antiviral medication used as part of combination therapy to treat chronic Hepatitis C, an infectious liver disease caused by infection with Hepatitis C Virus (HCV). HCV is a single-stranded RNA virus that is categorized into nine…

Bopindolol (INN) is an ester prodrug for the beta blocker [pindolol].

Bos taurus gallstone is an animal extract used in some OTC (over-the-counter) products. It is not an approved drug.

Bradanicline, a novel small molecule that modulates the activity of the neuronal nicotinic receptor (NNR) subtype known as alpha7(?7). Bradanicline belongs to a new class of drugs for the treatment of central nervous system diseases and disorders.

Brasofensine is an orally administered dopamine reuptake inhibitor being developed for the treatment of Parkinson's Disease. Phase I/II trials for brasofensine have been completed in the U.K. In November 2001, NeuroSearch confirmed that the drug's development…

Brecanavir (VX-385) an orally active aspartic protease inhibitor (PI), under investigation by Vertex and GlaxoSmithKline for the treatment of HIV. In July 2006, Vertex indicated that it expected GSK to initiate phase III trials of the drug in 2007. In Decembe…

Bremelanotide is a 7 amino acid peptide used to treat hypoactive sexual desire disorder in premenopausal women.[L9635] Bremelanotide does not interact with alcohol.[A179686] The mechanism by which bremelanotide's action on receptors translates to a clinical e…

Brentuximab vedotin, also known as Adcetris®, is an antibody-drug conjugate that combines an anti-CD30 antibody with the drug monomethyl auristatin E (MMAE). It is an anti-neoplastic agent used in the treatment of Hodgkin's lymphoma and systemic anaplastic la…

As of March 2019, brexanolone - developed and made available commercially by Sage Therapeutics Inc. as the brand name product Zulresso - is the first drug to have ever been approved by the US FDA specifically for the treatment of postpartum depression (PPD) i…

Briakinumab is a human anti-IL-12 monoclonal antibody being developed for the treatment of a number of T-cell driven autoimmune diseases. It targets and neutralize interleukin-12 and interleukin-23, two proteins associated with inflammation, such as pro-infla…

Brifentanil (also known as A-3331) is an analog of fentanyl, a potent opioid. This drug is classified as an opioid analgesic and was developed in the early 1990s. The effects of brifentanil are very similar to those of alfentanil, with strong but short lastin…

Brimonidine is an alpha-adrenergic agonist and 2-imidazoline derivative that was first introduced in 1996.[A178951] It is considered to be a third generation alpha-2 aadrenergic receptor agonist, since it displays preferential binding at alpha-2 adrenoceptors…

Brincidofovir is an oral antiviral drug used in the treatment of human smallpox infections. It is a lipid conjugate pro-drug of the acyclic nucleotide analogue [cidofovir][L34404,A235725] - this lipid conjugate improves drug delivery to the target cells and s…

One of the benzodiazepines that is used in the treatment of anxiety disorders. It is a Schedule IV drug in the U.S. and Canada and under the Convention on Psychotropic Substances. It is a intermediate-acting benzodiazepine.

Bromfenac is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) for ophthalmic use. Ophthalmic NSAIDs are becoming a cornerstone for the management of ocular pain and inflammation. Their well-characterized anti-inflammatory activity, analgesic property, and establ…

Bromhexine is mucolytic agent used for a variety of respiratory conditions associated with increased mucus secretion. It is derived from the Adhatoda vasica plant and aids in the clearance of excess mucus, improving breathing and reducing cough. It was introd…

Bromotheophylline is the active moiety of pamabrom, a mixture of 2-amino-2-methyl-propanol and bromotheophylline. From this mixture, bromotheophylline acts as a weak diuretic that has been used along with some analgesics to relieve the symptoms of premenstrua…

Brotizolam is a sedative-hypnotic thienodiazepine drug which is a benzodiazepine analog. It demonstrates anxiolytic, anticonvulsant, hypnotic, sedative and skeletal muscle relaxant effects. Brotizolam has similar effects to short-acting benzodiazepines such a…

BTA9881 is a respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) antiviral drug developed by the Australian company Biota Holdings. It is currently in phase I trials.

Buclizine is an antihistamine medication with both antiemetic and anticholinergic effects [L6220], belonging to the _piperazine derivative_ family of drugs. It was manufactured by Stuart Pharms and initially approved by the FDA in 1957.[L6217] Following this,…

Bufexamac is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) under the market name Droxaryl, Malipuran, Paraderm and Parfenac. It is typically administered topically for the treatment of subacute and chronic eczema of the skin, including atopic eczema and othe…

Buformin is an anti-diabetic drug of the biguanide class, chemically related to metformin and phenformin. It was withdrawn from the market in most countries due to a high risk of causing lactic acidosis.

Hepatitis D is considered the most severe type of viral hepatitis and leads to the rapid development of cirrhosis, severe decompensation of liver function, and an increased risk of mortality.[A226340,L30235] Until recently, there have been extremely limited t…

Bumadizone has been approved for use in Germany and Austria, it is a drug with anti-inflammatory, antipyretic, and analgesic properties, and was marketed for the treatment of both rheumatoid arthritis and gout [L5650]. Its use is restricted to these condition…

Buprenorphine is a weak partial mu-opioid receptor agonist and a weak kappa-opioid receptor antagonist used for the treatment of severe pain.[A186283,A186292] It is also commonly used as an alternative to [methadone] for the treatment of severe opioid addicti…

Burfiralimab is under investigation in clinical trial NCT06306339 (A Study to Assess the Efficacy and Safety of Burfiralimab (Hzvsf-v13) and DMRD (Disease-modifying Antirheumatic Drug)).

Burosumab (KRN23) is an entirely human monoclonal IgG1 antibody that binds excess fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF23) and has been successfully tested in clinical trials in children with X-linked hypophosphatemic rickets [A32593]. The U.S. Food and Drug …

Buspirone is a novel anxiolytic agent with a unique structure and a pharmacological profile. Belonging to the azaspirodecanedione drug class,[A180991] buspirone is a serotonin 5-HT_1A receptor agonist that is not chemically or pharmacologically rela…

Butabarbital, or Butisol, is a fast onset barbiturate with short duration of action compared to other barbiturates.[A201977,L13613] This makes butabarbital a useful drug for treating severe insomnia and pre-operative anxiety.[A201977,L13613] Butabarbital is l…

Butalbital, or 5-allyl-5-isobutylbarbituric acid, is a derivative of barbituric acid which the hydrogens at position 5 are substituted by an allyl group and an isobutyl group. It is a short-to-intermediate acting member of barbiturates that exhibit muscle-rel…

Butamben is a local anesthetic in the form of n-butyl-p-aminobenzoate.[A27147] Its structure corresponds to the standard molecule of a hydrophilic and hydrophobic domain separated by an intermediate ester found in most of the local anesthetics. Due to its ver…

Butobarbital is a sedative and a hypnotic drug.

Butyrfentanyl or butyrylfentanyl (not to be confused with 3-methylfentanyl) is a potent short-acting synthetic opioid analgesic drug.[A182054] It is an analog of [fentanyl] with roughly 1/30 the potency.[L7811] Butyrfentanyl was first synthesized in 1961 by J…

BVX001 is a a novel, first-in-class CD33/CD7-directed antibody-drug conjugate.

BW-A 58C, also known as 2-(4-tert-butylcyclohexyl)-3-hydroxy-1,4-naphthoquinone, is an experimental naphthoquinone antimalarial drug which undergoes extensive alkyl hydroxylation to a single t-butylhydroxy metabolite in man in vivo and also in human liver mic…

BZL101 is an oral drug designed for the treatment of advanced breast cancer with a novel mechanism of action. BZL101 targets diseased cells while leaving normal cells healthy and intact.

C326 is an investigational compound under investigation in clinical trial NCT00353756 (Phase 1 Study of Safety and Biological Effects of C326, an Inhibitor of IL-6, in Crohn's Disease) for the treatment of Crohn's Disease. The drug is composed of an IL-6–bind…

CA4P has been shown in the laboratory to shut down the blood supply to tumours. It is one of the first vascular targeting drugs to be tested in patients. This drug was originally isolated from the African Bush Willow. The first studies in patients with this d…

Caffeine is a drug of the methylxanthine class used for a variety of purposes, including certain respiratory conditions of the premature newborn, pain relief, and to combat drowsiness. Caffeine is similar in chemical structure to [Theophylline] and [Theobromi…

Calanolide A is a new non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NNRTI) derived from a plant found in the Malaysian rain forest. A related compound, calanolide B, also has anti-HIV activity. Both drugs are being developed by Sarawak Pharmaceuticals. A pr…

A 37-amino acid peptide derived from the calcitonin gene. It occurs as a result of alternative processing of mRNA from the calcitonin gene. The neuropeptide is widely distributed in the brain, gut, perivascular nerves, and other tissue. The peptide produces m…

Calcium carbimide, sold as the citrate salt, is an alcohol-sensitizing agent. Its effects are similar to the drug disulfiram (Antabuse) in that it interferes with the normal metabolism of alcohol by preventing the breakdown of the metabolic product acetaldehy…

Calcium polycarbophil is a stool stabilizer. Based on its chemical structure, it is a synthetic polymer of polyacrylic acid cross-linked with divinyl glycol presenting a calcium atom as a counter-ion. Polycarbophil is used to treat constipation. This drug may…

Calcium threonate is a calcium salt of threnoic acid and a novel drug developed for the treatment of osteoporosis and as a calcium supplement [A27266]. It is found in dietary supplements as a source of L-threonate used in the treatment of calcium deficiency a…

Calendula officinalis flower is a plant/plant extract used in some OTC (over-the-counter) products. It is not an approved drug.

Calendula officinalis whole is a plant/plant extract used in some OTC (over-the-counter) products. It is not an approved drug.