BNT162a1 is one of four advanced mRNA-based vaccines being developed through "Project Lightspeed," a joint program between Pfizer and BioNTech.[L15002, L15007] BNT162a1 is a uridine mRNA (uRNA) vaccine formulated in lipid nanoparticles for delivery via intram…

BNT162b1 is one of four advanced mRNA-based vaccines being developed through "Project Lightspeed," a joint program between Pfizer and BioNTech.[L15002, L15007] BNT162b1 is a nucleoside modified mRNA (modRNA) vaccine encoding the receptor-binding domain (RBD) …

BNT162c2 is one of four advanced mRNA-based vaccines being developed through "Project Lightspeed," a joint program between Pfizer and BioNTech.[L15002, L15007] BNT162c2 is a self-amplifying mRNA (saRNA) vaccine formulated in lipid nanoparticles for delivery v…

Boceprevir is a direct acting antiviral medication used as part of combination therapy to treat chronic Hepatitis C, an infectious liver disease caused by infection with Hepatitis C Virus (HCV). HCV is a single-stranded RNA virus that is categorized into nine…

Bosutinib is a 7-alkoxy-3-quinolinecarbonitrile that functions as a potent, dual SRC and ABL tyrosine kinase inhibitor indicated for chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML), specifically Philadelphia chromosome-positive (Ph+) CML. Philadelphia chromosome is a hall…

In 2002, botulinum toxin A, also known as onabotulinumtoxinA or Botox, was the first type A botulism toxin to be introduced into the market for cosmetic use.[A231824] With a wide variety of applications and favourable safety profile, Botulinum toxin A injecti…

Bovine collagen alpha-1 is a naturally occurring extracellular matrix protein which is found in tendons and other connective tissues. It plays a vital role in cell growth, differentiation, attachment, and migration [L2481]. Often combined with other ingredie…

BPI-3016 is under investigation in clinical trial NCT03188848 (Dose Escalating Study of BPI-3016 in Healthy Subjects).

Branebrutinib is under investigation in clinical trial NCT02705989 (Safety, Tolerability and Relative Bioavailability Study of BMS-986195 in Healthy Subjects).

Brecanavir (VX-385) an orally active aspartic protease inhibitor (PI), under investigation by Vertex and GlaxoSmithKline for the treatment of HIV. In July 2006, Vertex indicated that it expected GSK to initiate phase III trials of the drug in 2007. In Decembe…

Bremelanotide is a 7 amino acid peptide used to treat hypoactive sexual desire disorder in premenopausal women.[L9635] Bremelanotide does not interact with alcohol.[A179686] The mechanism by which bremelanotide's action on receptors translates to a clinical e…

Bremzalerbart is under investigation in clinical trial NCT06602739 (A Study to Demonstrate the Effect of REGN5713-5715 on Reducing Ocular Allergy Signs and Symptoms in Adult Participants With Birch Pollen Allergy).

Brensocatib is under investigation in clinical trial NCT03218917 (Assessment of INS1007 in Subjects With Non-cystic Fibrosis Bronchiectasis).

Brentuximab vedotin, also known as Adcetris®, is an antibody-drug conjugate that combines an anti-CD30 antibody with the drug monomethyl auristatin E (MMAE). It is an anti-neoplastic agent used in the treatment of Hodgkin's lymphoma and systemic anaplastic la…

Brexpiprazole is an atypical antipsychotic and a novel D2 dopamine and serotonin 1A partial agonist called serotonin-dopamine activity modulator (SDAM). It has a high affinity for serotonin, dopamine and alpha (?)-adrenergic receptors.[L46417] Although it is …

Mantle cell lymphoma is a heterogeneous sub-category of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma that can be classified as either an aggressive nodal or an indolent leukemic non-nodal variant. Despite the introduction of Bruton's tyrosine kinase (BTK) inhibitors such as [ibrut…

Brilaroxazine (RP5063) is an investigational atypical antipsychotic which is under development by Reviva Pharmaceuticals for the treatment of schizophrenia and schizoaffective disorder. Reviva Pharmaceuticals also intends to investigate RP5063 for the treatme…

Brincidofovir is an oral antiviral drug used in the treatment of human smallpox infections. It is a lipid conjugate pro-drug of the acyclic nucleotide analogue [cidofovir][L34404,A235725] - this lipid conjugate improves drug delivery to the target cells and s…

Briquilimab is a humanized aglycosylated IgG1 kappa monoclonal antibody targeting CD117 (cKit).

Brivoligide is under investigation in clinical trial NCT04104919 (Study to Evaluate a Preop Dose of Brivoligide Injection for Pain After Mastectomy in Patients With High PCS Scores).

Bromelain is a protease enzyme derived from the stems of pineapples that is composed of a mixture of different thiol endopeptidases and other components like phosphatase, glucosidase, peroxidase, cellulase, escharase, and several protease inhibitors [A27198].…

Brotizolam is a sedative-hypnotic thienodiazepine drug which is a benzodiazepine analog. It demonstrates anxiolytic, anticonvulsant, hypnotic, sedative and skeletal muscle relaxant effects. Brotizolam has similar effects to short-acting benzodiazepines such a…

BS-001 is a recombinant oncolytic herpes simplex virus type II (OH2) therapeutic injection (Vero cell) for human use (rHSV2hGM-CSF).

BTRX-246040 is under investigation in clinical trial NCT03193398 (BTRX-246040 Administered Once Daily to Patients With Major Depressive Disorder).

BTRX-335140 is under investigation in clinical trial NCT04221230 (Study in Major Depressive Disorder With BTRX-335140 vs Placebo).

Buprenorphine is a weak partial mu-opioid receptor agonist and a weak kappa-opioid receptor antagonist used for the treatment of severe pain.[A186283,A186292] It is also commonly used as an alternative to [methadone] for the treatment of severe opioid addicti…

Buprenorphine hemiadipate is under investigation in clinical trial NCT01582347 (Transfer of Subjects From Subutex/suboxone to RBP-6300).

Bupropion (also known as the brand name product Wellbutrin®) is a norepinephrine/dopamine-reuptake inhibitor (NDRI) used most commonly for the management of Major Depressive Disorder (MDD), Seasonal Affective Disorder (SAD), and as an aid for smoking cessatio…

Burosumab (KRN23) is an entirely human monoclonal IgG1 antibody that binds excess fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF23) and has been successfully tested in clinical trials in children with X-linked hypophosphatemic rickets [A32593]. The U.S. Food and Drug …

Butabarbital, or Butisol, is a fast onset barbiturate with short duration of action compared to other barbiturates.[A201977,L13613] This makes butabarbital a useful drug for treating severe insomnia and pre-operative anxiety.[A201977,L13613] Butabarbital is l…

Butyrfentanyl or butyrylfentanyl (not to be confused with 3-methylfentanyl) is a potent short-acting synthetic opioid analgesic drug.[A182054] It is an analog of [fentanyl] with roughly 1/30 the potency.[L7811] Butyrfentanyl was first synthesized in 1961 by J…

BVX001 is a a novel, first-in-class CD33/CD7-directed antibody-drug conjugate.

Cabazitaxel is a taxoid synthesized from 10-deacetylbaccatin III, a compound isolated from the yew tree.[A260621] As a second-generation semisynthetic microtubule inhibitor, cabazitaxel stabilizes microtubules and induces tumour cell death.[A7056] Due to its …

Cabotegravir, or GSK1265744, is an HIV-1 integrase inhibitor that is prescribed with the non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor, [rilpivirine].[A227668,L31188,L31193] Early research into cabotegravir showed it had lower oral bioavailability than [dolu…

Cadisegliatin is under investigation in clinical trial NCT06334133 (Cadisegliatin as Adjunctive Therapy in Type 1 Diabetes).

Caffeine is a drug of the methylxanthine class used for a variety of purposes, including certain respiratory conditions of the premature newborn, pain relief, and to combat drowsiness. Caffeine is similar in chemical structure to [Theophylline] and [Theobromi…

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Asparaginase is an important agent used to treat acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) [A40270]. Asparagine is incorporated into most proteins, and the synthesis of proteins is stopped when asparagine is absent, which inhibits RNA and DNA synthesis, resulting i…

The major circulating metabolite of vitamin D3 (cholecalciferol). It is produced in the liver and is the best indicator of the body's vitamin D stores. It is effective in the treatment of rickets and osteomalacia, both in azotemic and non-azotemic patients. C…

Calcitriol is an active metabolite of vitamin D with 3 hydroxyl (OH) groups and is commonly referred to as 1,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol, or 1alpha,25-dihydroxyvitamin D₃, 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D₃. It is produced in the body after series…

Calcium plays a vital role in the anatomy, physiology and biochemistry of organisms and of the cell, particularly in signal transduction pathways. The skeleton acts as a major mineral storage site for the element and releases Ca2+ ions into the bloodstream un…

Calcium gluconate is used as mineral supplement and medication when there is insufficient calcium in the diet. Supplementation may be done to treat or prevent osteoporosis or rickets, consequences of hypocalcemia. It can also be taken by mouth but is not reco…

The relatively new calcium levulinate is produced from a direct reaction between L- or levulinic acid levulose and calcium hydroxide [L2765]. The resultant calcium levulinate formulation, when used as a calcium supplement, possesses a high calcium content tha…

Camellia japonica seed oil is a plant/plant extract used in some OTC (over-the-counter) products. It is not an approved drug.

Camizestrant is under investigation in clinical trial NCT05952557 (An Adjuvant Endocrine-based Therapy Study of Camizestrant (AZD9833) in ER+/HER2- Early Breast Cancer (CAMBRIA-2)).

Camostat mesylate, or FOY-305, is a synthetic serine protease inhibitor.[A193842,A193848] It was first described in the literature in 1981, as part of research on the inhibition of skin tumors in mice.[A198807] Camostat mesylate inhibits cholecystokinin, pro-…

Canakinumab is a recombinant, human anti-human-IL-1? monoclonal antibody that belongs to the IgG1/? isotype subclass. It is expressed in a murine Sp2/0-Ag14 cell line and comprised of two 447- (or 448-) residue heavy chains and two 214-residue light chains, w…

Cangrelor is an intravenous, direct-acting, reversible P2Y12 inhibitor for patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) who have not been yet treated by oral P2Y12 inhibitors. An advantage Cangrelor provides over oral P2Y12 inhibitors (such as…

Cannabidiol, or CBD, is one of at least 85 active cannabinoids identified within the Cannabis plant. It is a major phytocannabinoid, accounting for up to 40% of the Cannabis plant's extract, that binds to a wide variety of physiological targets of the endocan…

Cannabidivarin, also known as cannabidivarol or CBDV, is a non-psychoactive cannabinoid found within [DB14009]. It is one of over 100 cannabinoids identified from the Cannabis plant that can modulate the physiological activity of cannabis, or marijuana [A3258…